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Triazine Mercurial Diuretics*
November 1957
SCIENTIFIC
From this value, the absorbance due t o salicylic acid a t 280 mp can be calculated, and deducted from the total absorbance a t this wavelength; the remainder can be considered to be the absorbance of the acetylsalicylic acid. For greater precision, a second approximation may be made: from the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid calculated above, the absorption at 310 mp due to the salicylic acid can be calculated and deducted from the total absorption a t 310 mp. From the resultant value, a more exact value for the concentration of salicylic acid may be made, and, from this, a correspondingly more exact value For its absorption at 280 mp, is calculated, thereby obtaining a truer value for the absorption due t o acetylsalicylic acid a t 280 mp.
RESULTS Mixtures of acetylsalicylic acid, acetophenetidin, caffeine, and salicylic acid were assayed by the above procedure. Recoveries are shown in Table I. Three commercial samples of acetylsalicylic acid, acetophenetidin, and caffeine ta.blets were assayed by the present procedure and by the National Formulary X procedure. Sample C, containing aluminum hydroxide and flavor, formed intractable emulsions when the chloroform extract prepared according to the N. F. procedure was extracted immediately. Upon standing overnight, flocculent material separated in the extract; after filtration of this solution, extraction resulted in moderate emulsification. This sample offered no difficulty in the present procedure. Results of the analyses are presented in Table 11.
689
EDITION
DISCUSSION The procedure herein described differs markedly from conventional partition chromatographic techniques in that it provides for the alteration of the nature of the immobile phase as a step in the process, while in the earlier techniques the constitution of immobile phase remains unchanged. The versatility of partition chromatography is thus broadened to permit separations not previously possible. Thus, in the separation described, the sodium bicarbonate in the immobile phase functions as a trap t o immobilize acetylsalicylic acid while the other components of the mixture are removed. In the ensuing step, the immobile phase is changed via neutralization by acetic acid which is introduced as a component of the eluant; the immobile phase, which now consists of sodium acetate, releases the acetylsalicylic acid for elution by the eluant. I n samples in which acetylsalicylic acid has become partially hydrolvzed, both the intact and the hydrclyzed portions are determined individually. Preliminary experiments now in progress show that in a like manner the converse process is feasible: a strongly acidic immobile phase may be used t o trap alkaloidal compounds, which in turn are liberated by a solution of an aliphatic amine. These will be reported in a forthcoming publication.
REFERENCES (1) Higuchi, T . , and Patel, K. P., THIS JOURNAL, 41, 171(1952). (2) Banes, D., ibid., 44, 713(1955). (3) Smith, G., J. Assoc. 01%.Agr. Chemists, 37,677(1954).
Triazine Mercurial Diuretics* By SEYMOUR L. SHAPIRO, VINCENT A. PARRINO, and LOUIS FREEDMAN A series of mercurated N-allylguanamines has been prepared and evaluated as mercurial diuretics. T h e experimental data reflect that compounds of varying diuretic activity are obtainable by appropriate group variation within 1. Diuretic activity is also found i n a series of tris-mercurials synthesized by mercuration of tri-allylcyanurate.
T
HE MANY YEARS
of clinical experience with
mercurial diuretics have established that such drugs used with proper precaution are remarkably
*
Received April 2, 1967, from the Research Laboratories of the U.S. Vitamin Corporation, Yonkers, N. Y . Presented at the Meeting-in-Miniature, New York Section, American Chemical Society, February 15, 1957. The authors are indebted to Dr. G. Ungar and his staff for the pharmacologic screening of the compounds.
effective (1). However, numerous instances of untoward side effects ( 2 ) associated with such therapy have been a deterrent to wider usage as well as a stimulus (3) t o t h e medicinal chemist to prepare improved mercurials.
Since the discovery of mercurial diuretics by Vogl (4) in 1919, many compounds have been reported in which desirable improvements i n stability (5), safety (6), tolerance ( 7 ) , potency ( 8 ) , solubility (9), oral effectiveness (3, lo), and combinations of these factors have been achieved. With few exceptions the mercurial diuretics in clinical usage are derivable from mercuration of
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an allylamide structure of the type, D-NHCH2-CH(0Y)-CH2-HgX,wherein D is an organic nucleus affording a point of attachment for the mercurated allylamine linkage. This investigation was concerned with the synthesis of new mercurials embodying the s-triazine ring in an attempt to obtain compounds effective as diuretics at low dosage levels. In particular, the nucleus D was varied to embody the formoguanamine nucleus, known to have diuretic activity per se (11) and the acetoguanamine nucleus which manifests only slight diuretic activity (12). Typical of the structures prepared is I :
Rz
which was obtained by the following sequence of reactions: The allylamine hydrochloride (R1 = H, and CH3) was fused with dicyandiamide t o yield the biguanide (13) which in turn was cyclized with ethylformate (14) (R2 = H) or acetyl chloride (1.5) (Rp = CH,) t o the triazine 11. In the case Rl = H and R1 = CHBcyclization to the triazine 11,Rp = H was effected without isolation of the biguanide. Treatment of I1 with mercuric acetate (8) in the solvent YOH (Y = H, CHI, C2H5 and n-CaH7)
R2 I
A N N II
I
with probable mercuration at the terminal carbon atom (16) gave I isolable as I, X = OAc or OH. Conversion of I, X = OAc or OH to X = theophylline, carbonylsalicylamide (1,3,2-benzoxazine-2,4-dione) ,8-methylcarbonylsalicylamide, chloride, bromide, ascorbyl and potassium acid fluoride was effected in an aqueous system. The use of X = carbonylsalicylamide (17) evaluated a group, which in molecular size and character of mercurial bonding, was analogous to the theophyUine linkage which has been reported to reduce toxicity (18) in certain diuretic structures. Ascorbic acid has been reported to have a favorable effect on mercurial diuresis (19) and this suggested the use of X = ascorbyl. Finally, the
Vol. XLVI, NO. 11
inhibitory effect of fluoride ion on enzyme systems, coupled with the role of enzymes in the mode of action of mercurial diuretics (20, 21) indicated investigation of a mercury fluorine linkage. DISCUSSION
The compounds prepared were evaluated parenterally in dogs and the data has been summarized in Table I. Certain structural relationships are admissible upon inspection of the pharmacological data. The compounds I, RZ=H, have acute subcutaneoustoxicities, probably about twice as great as those in mercurials now in clinical use (22) while I, Rz = CHs compounds are probably more toxic. In general, variants of I, Rz = H, show a more favorablediuretic response than I, Rz = CH3 (compounds 1 vs. 17; 2 vs. 18; 5 vs. 22; however, see 20 us. 4). Correlation of structure and activity indicates that Y = CH3 is associated with the same favorable pattern (compounds 5 vs. 3, 11, 13; 21 vs. 18) that has been found by others (23, 24). The use of RI = CH3 as compared t o Rt = H (compound 15 vs. 5) did not have the favorable effect on diuresis noted by Rowland et al. (fib), in their series. Variation of X yielded considerable differences in response in the group I, RZ = H, X = theophylline, carbonylsalicylamide and chlorine were the most potent (compounds, 5, 6, 7 us. 4,8; 3, 2 ws. 1) while in the category I, RZ = CHa, X = OAc showed the best response (compounds 17 vs. 18, 19; 20 us. 21, 22). The fluoride derivative (compound 8) was not as effective as some of its structural analogs (compounds 5, 6, 7), although it had a pronounced diuretic effect. The ascorbyl derivative (compound 9) was not tested. While the findings with selected I (compound 5) in these animal experiments parallel the oral and intravenous diuretic activity of 3-chloromercuri-2methoxypropyl urea, the most potent mercurial in clinical use. the hazards of translation of results of animal testing to human use (23, 25) are well recognized. Diuretics containing two (26, 27) and three (27) mercury atoms per molecule have been prepared. An additional phase of this work entailed the preparation of triazine polymercurials derivable from triallyl cyanurate to give structures of the type 111, containing three mercury atoms per molecule:
0-z
In this series Y was varied as CHI and CaH5, and the compounds isolated as 111, X = OH which was converted t o 111, X = theophylline. The diuretic response in rats obtained with 111, Y = CHa, and X = theophylline, was considerably better than that obtained with a comparable dosage level of mercurophylline.
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
November 1957
691
TABLE I.-MERCURATEDALLYLTRIAZINES
OY Compound
Y
NO.
M. p.,Q OC.
X
Nitrogen, yob Calcd. Found
Formula
LD min.0
Aa(S. E.)
Ri. RP = H
H H H CHI CHR CH;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 RI I22
CzHs n-C3H7 n-C3H7
OAc .~ c1 Tho OAC Tho CSh
Tho Br Tho
127 191 129 181 117 113 108 148 108 122 110 168 182
OAC ThP KFzi
125 108 115
~
16.3 8.8f 23.0 15.8 22.3 15.5
16.0 8.9 23.0 15.9 22.2 15.6
14:1 12.5 15.4 21.9 14.3
13:4 12.7 15.4 21.6 14.1
..
..
50 25 50 50 40 50 30 50
..
loo ioo
79(1.4) 58" 78(6.2) 62(8.6) 119 4.9) 99t7.4) 104 (5.8) 81 (5.1)
.....
92(6.2) 64 (8.6)
_.... 50
CHa
= H
CHI CH; CH3
14 15 16
..
.....
50
106 (3.3)
30
58" 44e 42" 72e(6.4) 50* 51* 97/61e(10.2/7.4) 48(3.2) 43(4.9)
..
.....
RI = H RI = CHI
132 H OAc H Cl 212 19 H Br 209 ~. 149 20 CHI OAC 21 179 CH3 C1 "0 124 5 , CH3 Tho 3-Chloromercuri-2-methoxypropyl urea Mercurophylline Control test (no drug given) 17 18
C;H;iBrHiN;O CioHirHgNsOs CsHi4CIHgN60 C15H21HgNp03
17.3" 18.1 15.4 14.8 8.2, 8.5 21.9 21.8
20 30
25 20 20 60
a Melting points are all with decomposition and are not corrected. All of the melting points of these mercurials and those listed in the experimental section were characterized by long initial range of faint darkening and a point of definitive'darkening followed by a long range of gross decomposition, The point of definitive darkening has been listed as the melting point. The com ounds would not recrystallize from the usual solvents, although most of them were very soluble in water. b Analyses by Weigr and Strauss Oxford England. C The acute L D min. (minimal lethal dose) was established in mice by subcutaneous administration of 8: solutioh of the compound and is expressed in mg./Kg. (8-16 mice per test). Screening for diuretic activity was established in dogs by intravenous injection using the calculated amount of compound t o give a test level of 0.5 mg. mercnry/Kg. The dogs were dehydrated for twenty-four hours and catheterized just before testing; they were then force fed 0.9% saline a t the level of 25 ml./Kg. and the compound administered. The volume of urine voided was collected a t five hours post-injection and the activit (A) expressed as percenta e diuresis calculated on the basis of the following formula: Diuresis, % (Urine volume at 5 hr./galine volume given a t 0 hr.f X 100. Each result is expressed as the average response of six dogs. 0 Compound evaluated a t 0.25 mg. mercury/Kg. Standard error = ( S . E.). fChlorine analysis. 07-Theophylline derivative. h 3-(Carbonylsalicylamide) derivative. i 3- (S-Methylcarhon lsalicylamide) derivative.-Calcd. : C, 34.4; H , 3.2. Found: C. 35.4. H 3.6. iDihydrate compd. 8-Calcd.: C 1zO; H, 3.2. Found: C, 17.0; H , 3.5. Compd. 16-Calcd.: C, 18.8; H , 3.g. Found: C, 18.f; H, 3.5. k Z-Ascorbyl derivative, nature of bonding not established. ZCalcd.: C 32.6. H 3.9. Found: C 31.8. H 4.0. mDihydrate-Calcd.: C, 29.3; H, 4.1. Found: C , 29.0; H. 4.2. n Calcd.: C,'24.55 H: 3.4. Found: C,'24.3;' H,'3.8. a Bromine analysi-At 6 mg. mercury/Kg. orally in two dogs, % diuresis (five hours), compd. 5, 113%; 3-chloromercuri-2-methoxypropyl urea, 122%.
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EXPERIMENTAL' Allylbiguanide Hydrochloride.-A mixture of 94.7Gm. (1 mole) of allylamine hydrochloride and 84 Gm. (1 mole) of dicyandiamide was fused over a four-hour period in an oil bath maintained at 135165'. The solid reaction product obtained after cooling was recrystallized from 500 ml. of boiling ethanol (carbon) yielding 83.1 Gm. (47%), m. p. 171-181'. Recrystallization from propanol gave m. p. 17f3-179'. And-Calcd. for C6HlzClNs: C, 33.8; H, 6.8. Found: C, 33.4;H, 7.2. 1 Descriptive data shown in the table is not reproduced in the Experimental Section.
N-Allylformoguanamine(from Allylbiguanide Hydrochloride).-A solution of 6.0 Gm. (0.033mole) of allylbiguanidehydrochloride in 30 ml. of methanol was treated with a solution of 0.8 Gm. (0.033mole) of sodium in 20 ml. of methanol. Ethyl formate (3.5ml.) was added to the cooled solution and the reaction mixture maintained a t 20' for seventy-two hours. After addition of 100 ml. of water and removal of the methanol, 4.4 Gm. of product separated. Recrystallization from acetonitrile gave 2.3Gm. (46%), m. p. 148-149' (28). And-Calcd. for C&IS,NS: C, 47.7; H, 6.0. Found: C, 47.5;H, 5.9. The picrate prepared from a methanol solution
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with aqueous picric acid, recrystallized from water, melted at 194-195'. Anal.-Calcd. for C12H12N~07: C, 37.9; H, 3.2. Found: C, 37.6; H, 3.2. N-Allylformoguanamine (from Allylamine Hydrochloride).-Fusion of allylamine hydrochloride and dicyandiamide as above was effected. The reaction mass was solubilized in methanol, an equivalent quantity of sodium mcthoxide added, followed by ethyl formate and the N-allylforinoguanamine isolated as above in 50Oj, yield, m. p. 146-147' (isopropanol), not depressing the melting point of the compound isolated starting with pure allylbiguanide hydrochloride; mixed m. p. 146-147". N-Ally1acetoguanarnine.-To a suspension of 35.5 Gm. (0.2 mole) of allylbiguanide hydrochloride in 100 ml. of acetonitrile was added a solution of 16.8 Gm. (0.4 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of water. The two-phase system was stirred and cooled (5") during the addition of 17 Gm. (0.22 mole) of acetyl chloride over thirty minutes. Stirring a t 20" was continued for three hours. After removal of acetonitrile and addition o f 100 ml. of water, 26.6 Gm. of product separated which after drying and recrystallization from benzene gave 19 Gm. (58%). m. p. 113-116'. And-Calcd. for C7H1,N5: C, 50.9; H, 6.7; N, 42.4. Found: C, 51.1; H, 6.8; N, 42.3. The picrate prepared from a methanol solution with aqueous picric acid melted at 187-189" (methanol). N-Methally1aminoformoguanamine.-A mixture of 18.7 Gm. (0.17 mole) of methallylamine hydrochloride and 12.3 Gm. (0.17 mole) of dicyandiamide was fused over a two-hour period in an oil bath maintained a t 150-180". The cooled fusion product was dissolved in a solution of 4.6 Gm. (0.2 mole) of sodium in 140 ml. of methanol. Ethyl formate (15 ml.) was added to the cooled solution and the reaction mixture maintained a t 20" for seventy-two hours. The sodium chloride was removed and the filtrate evaporated. The solid residue was extracted with three 250-ml. portions of hot benzene. The combined benzene extracts on standing gave 9.9 Gm. (35%), m. p. 132-134". And-Calcd. for C~HIINE.: C, 50.9; H, 6.7. Found: C, 51.3; H, 6.8. 2 -Amino- N-4- (3'-acetoxymercuri-Z '-methoxypropyl)amho-.r-triazine (Compound 4).-TO a solution of 9.0 Gm. (0.06 mole) of N-allylformoguanamine dissolved in 90 ml. of methanol was added a hot solution of 16.8 Gm. (0.053 mole) of mercuric acetate in 3 ml. of glacial acetic acid and 42 ml. of methanol. The reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for twenty hours and cooled. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, the product separated, triturated with acetone, and dried over phosphorus pentoxide. There was obtained 15.0 Gm. (57%). 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- [7-theophylline]mercuri-2'methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 5).Three grams (0.0068 mole) of compound 4 was added portionwise to a suspension of 1.28Gm. (0.007 mole) of anhydrous theophylline in 25 ml. of water. As the compound is formed, complete solution is effected. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove traces of insoluble material. Removal of filtrate water in vacuo yielded a residue of the product which was slurried with acetone, separated and dried over
phosphorus pentoxide and weighed 3.25 Gm. (84%). One gram of compound 5 dissolves in less than 1 ml. of water. 2 -Amino- N-4- (3'- [3-( 8-methylcarbonylsalicylamido )] mercuri-2 '-methoxypropy1)arnino-s- triazine (Compound ").-Three grams (0.0068 mole) of compound 4 was added portionwise to a suspension of 1.27 Gni. (0.0072 mole) of 8-methylcarb(~nylsdlicylamide in 75 ml. of water and 30 ml. of ethanol with warming to 60". The reaction mixture was filtered to remove traces of insoluble material and the filtrate concentrated to a thick syrup in vucuo. After trituration with acetone and drying over phosphorus pentoxide, 2.9 Gm. (74%) of product was obtained. 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- hydroxymercuri-2'- methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 23 ).-The reaction mixture was set up as for the preparation described under compound 4. The methanol solution of the formed compound 4 was treated with cooling and stirring with a solution of 6.5 Gm. of sodium hydroxide in 40 nil. of methanol. The copious white precipitate was filtered and dried, 22.9 Gm. (95yo), m. p. 170" (dec.). The product could not be recrystallized nor obtained analytically pure but was used directly for preparation of the compounds 9 and 10. Anal.-Calcd. for C7H1JIgNb02: C, 21.0; H, 3.2. Found: C, 22.2; H, 3.0. 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- ascorbylmercuri-2 '-methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 9).-To a gummy suspension of 6.4 Gm. (0.016 mole) of compound 23 in 20 ml. of water there was added portionwise 3.17 Gm. (0,018 mole) of I-ascorbic acid. After one hour, the solution obtained was treated with carbon, filtered, and the water removed in zlucuo. The light yellow solid was dried over phosphorus pentoxide, triturated with acetone, and redried. There was obtained 7.7 Gm. (7773 of product as a white powder. 2 Amino-N-4-( 3 '-fluoromercuri- 2 '-methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine potassium fluoride dihydrate (Compound 8).-To a gummy suspension of 6.4 Gm. (0.016 mole) of Compound 23 in 20 ml. of water there was added portionwise 1.4 Gm. (0.018 mole) of potassium acid fluoride. After trituration, stirring and standing for one hour, the components of the reaction mixture were substantially dissolved. Carbon was added and the solution filtered. Evaporation of the water in vacuo yielded a yellow syrup which solidified after drying for fifteen hours over phosphorus pentoxide. Upon trituration with acetone, there was obtained 6.1 Gm. (68%) of product as a light yellow powder. Tris(3' hydroxymercuri 2'- methoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 24).-A stirred solution of 20.0 Gm. (0.08 mole) of tri-allylcyanurate in 250 ml. of methanol was treated portionwise with 76.5 Gm. (0.24 mole) of mercuric acetate and allowed to stand twenty hours. The clear solution was stirred and treated with a solution of 9.6 Gm. (0.24 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of methanol. The formed precipitate (34 Gm.) was separated, and concentration of the filtrate to 75 ml. afforded an additional 43.5 Gm. of product (total yield, 97.5%). The product melted a t 225" (dec.). Anal.-Calcd. for ClsHz7HgaNa09: C, 18.1; H, 2.7; N, 4.2. Found: C, 18.3; H, 2.86; N,4.6.
-
-
-
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
November 1957
Tris(3'- hydroxymercuri- 2 '-ethoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 25).--Substitution of ethanol as the solvent medium in the reaction described above gave 40.3 Gm. (51%) of product, m. p. 25C-280' (dec.). And-Cald. for C18H33Hg3N309: N, 4.1. Found: N, 4.0. Tris(3 '- [ 7-theophylline]mercuri- 2 '-methoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 26).-To a warmed solution of 3.2 Gm. (0.018 mole) of theophylline in 200 ml. of water was added 6.0 Gm. (0.006 mole) of compound 24. The clear solution was allowed to stand overnight. The water was removed in vacuo and the residue of product dried over phosphorus pentoxide weighed 8.0 Gm. (90%). m. p. 194-222' (dec. ). Anal.-Calcd. for C36H4~Hg3N~601z: C, 29.2; H, 3.0; N, 14.2. Found: C, 29.1; H, 3.4; N, 14.4. Tris(3'- [7 -theophylline]mercuri- 2'- ethoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 27).-Processed as indicated for compound 26 using compound 25 as the initial reactant, the product was obtained in 84% yield, m. p. 250" (dec.). And-Calcd. for C ~ ~ H S I H ~ ~ NN,I ~13.8. O~~ Found: N, 13.8. Compound 26 was evaluated (intraperitoneal) in rats following the method of Lipschitz (29). Twelve rats were used in each group and dosage levels employed were compound 26, 12 mg./Kg. (Groups I and 11) ; mercurophylline, 12 mg./Kg. (Group 111) ; and urea, 1,500 mg./Kg. (Group IV). The results are summarized in Table 11.
TABLE II.-DIURETIC FACTOR^ Group
I* I I*
IIP IV
IN
HOURS
1
Hours 2
3
5.10 7.40 1.93 1.47
2.14 1.85 1.33 1.44
1.43 1.60 1.12 1.44
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Diuretic factor = Urine collected in test group/Urine collected in control group. b Level of mercury in mg./Kg. corresponding t o dosage used: I and 11, 4.9; 111, 4.7.
SUMMARY 1. T h e diuretic response i n dogs, upon intravenous injection of a variety of newly synthesized mercurated amino-triazines, has been assessed in terms of relation of structure t o activity. 2. Structural features i n I associated with the maximal diuretic response are Y I= methyl, RI = hydrogen, RP = hydrogen and X = theophylline, chloride, carbonylsalicylamide, or S-methylcarhi )nylsdicylamide. :i. Synthesis of the required iiiteniicdiates for ultimate mercuratirm , s ~ c has 2-allylamino-4-
693
amino-s-triazine, 2-amino-4-methallylmino-s-triazine, and 2-allylamino-4-amino-6-methyl-s-triazine is described. 4. An additional series of mercurial diuretics prepared by mercuration of tri-allylcyanurate is described.
REFERENCES (1) Stroud, W. D., and Wagner, J. A.. Med. Clin. N . Amer., 38, 431(1954). (2) (a) Vogl A. A m . Practitioner and Dig. Treafment 5 35611954); (b) 'Smklwood, W. C., and Matthews, H. 'L.: Lancet, 1, 121(1956); (c) Segal, R. L., Ann. Internal Med., 43, 435(1955). (3) Kaufman, J. G., Bernstein, A., Weiss, F.. Klosk, E., and Feldman, H. S., Circelation, 12, 52(1955). (4) Vogl, A,, A m . Heart J . , 39, 881(1950). (5) (a) Schlesinger, A,, Weiner, N., and Gordon, S. M., U. S. Patent 2,728,780;(b) Wendt, G.R., U. S. Patent 2,751,325. (6) (a) Haloern. A.. U. S. Patent 2.592.418: (b) Fove. W. 0: and MGde R. A. THIS JOURNAL,44, 76(1955).-iCj We&, L. H. add Schdlz, C. R.. J . A m . Chem Soc.' 76 2425_3!1_9_4); (d) Lehman, R. A., U. S . Patents 2,5i6,34dand Z,Ola,66&
(7) (a) Barry, R. H., Wang, S. M., and Walter, L. A., :U. S. Patent 2,749,339;(b) Ehrhart, G.,et a1 , U. S. Patent 2 -,704.767 . - ., . ... (8) (a) Rowland, R. L. Perry W. L. Foreman F L. and Friedman H. I,., J. A m . ChLm. Soc', 7 2 , 359&1$50): (b) Rowland. R. L., Perry, W. L., and Gerstein, S., ibid., 73; a fiai/iaxii Y""*\Iuu-,.
(9) Shelton, R. S., Farmer, J. L., and Tilford. C. H., U. S. Patent 2 601 461. (10) B'atterman, R. C., Am. Heart J . , 48, 780(1954); (b) Dimltroff, S. P., Lewis, R. C., Thorner, M. C., and Field, J. B., ibid., 49, 407(1955); (c) Moyer, J. H . , McConn, R. G., Seibert, R. A,, Dennis, E. W., and Hughes, W., J . Chronic Diseases 2 670(1955). (11) ii&hitz, W.L., and Stokey, E., J . Pharmacol., 83. 235(1945). (12) Lipschitz W.L. and Hadidian, Z., ibid., 81.84(1944). (13) (a) Sugido, K.,hnd Idzumi, S., J . Chcm. Soc. Japan, 65 265(1944)' Chcm. Abstr. 41 3762(1947)- (b) Bobeck TBndick, F. H., and Burckl F.,' Ann., 487; 294(1931); halter J. H. J A m . Chem. Sac. 72, 1862(1950)' (d) Detweiler' W. K.' abd Amstutz, E. D', ibid., 74, 1483(1952). (14; Overderger, C. G.,and Shapiro, S. L., ibjd., 76, 93(1954). (15) Overberger, C. G., and Shapiro, S. L., ibid., 76, 1061(1954). (16) (a) Pearson, D. E., Sigal, M. V., Jr., and Krug R. H. J . Org. Chem. 15 1048(1950)- (b) Pearson, D. E. anh Sigal' M. V . Jr. ibih. <055(1950);{c) Park, W.R. R., and Wright: G. F.,'ibib., 19, 1435(1954); (d) Chatt, J., Chem. Rev., 48,
(d)
(b
rr,rnc,\
I115011.
(17) Shapiro, S.L.,Rose, I. M., and Freedman, L., Atlantic City Meeting, American Chemical Society, September 1956. (18) Degraff, A. C., and Lehman, R. A., J . A m . Med. Assoc. 119, 998(1942). (19)'(a) Shaffer, C. F., ibid., 124, 700(1944); (b) Tacket. H.S.. and Gubin, M. L., J . Clin. Invest., 33. 844(1954). (20) Benesch, R., and Benesch, R. E., Circrctation, 14, 910(1956). (21) Mustakallio K.K., and TelkkB, A,, Ann. Mcd. Exp. el Biol. Fenniae(Heisinki), 33, 3(1955). (22) Blumberg H..Schlesinger A. and Gordon, S. M., J. Pharmacol. Ex'pfl. Therap., 105,'33$(1952). (23) Friedman, H. L., Cincinnati Meeting, American Chemical Society April 1955. (24) Halpern, k. L.,Jones, J. W., and Gross, E. G., THIS JOURNAL37 333(1948). (25) M&l, J. D., Parker, J. M., and Ferguson, J. K. W., Can. J . Biochem. P h y s d . , 34. 903(1956). (26) Yale, H. L., U. S. Patent 2,672,472. (27) Nadkarni, M. K.,and Jones, J. W., THISJOURNAL, 39 287(1950). i28) Swiss Patent 2(31,812;Chem. Abstr., 44, 4517(19503; reported m. p. 152,s'. (29) i.ipschitz, W. I,., Hadidian. Z..and Yerpscar, A,, J . Pharmacol. Expif. Therap., 79, 97(1943).
SCIENTIFIC
From this value, the absorbance due t o salicylic acid a t 280 mp can be calculated, and deducted from the total absorbance a t this wavelength; the remainder can be considered to be the absorbance of the acetylsalicylic acid. For greater precision, a second approximation may be made: from the concentration of acetylsalicylic acid calculated above, the absorption at 310 mp due to the salicylic acid can be calculated and deducted from the total absorption a t 310 mp. From the resultant value, a more exact value for the concentration of salicylic acid may be made, and, from this, a correspondingly more exact value For its absorption at 280 mp, is calculated, thereby obtaining a truer value for the absorption due t o acetylsalicylic acid a t 280 mp.
RESULTS Mixtures of acetylsalicylic acid, acetophenetidin, caffeine, and salicylic acid were assayed by the above procedure. Recoveries are shown in Table I. Three commercial samples of acetylsalicylic acid, acetophenetidin, and caffeine ta.blets were assayed by the present procedure and by the National Formulary X procedure. Sample C, containing aluminum hydroxide and flavor, formed intractable emulsions when the chloroform extract prepared according to the N. F. procedure was extracted immediately. Upon standing overnight, flocculent material separated in the extract; after filtration of this solution, extraction resulted in moderate emulsification. This sample offered no difficulty in the present procedure. Results of the analyses are presented in Table 11.
689
EDITION
DISCUSSION The procedure herein described differs markedly from conventional partition chromatographic techniques in that it provides for the alteration of the nature of the immobile phase as a step in the process, while in the earlier techniques the constitution of immobile phase remains unchanged. The versatility of partition chromatography is thus broadened to permit separations not previously possible. Thus, in the separation described, the sodium bicarbonate in the immobile phase functions as a trap t o immobilize acetylsalicylic acid while the other components of the mixture are removed. In the ensuing step, the immobile phase is changed via neutralization by acetic acid which is introduced as a component of the eluant; the immobile phase, which now consists of sodium acetate, releases the acetylsalicylic acid for elution by the eluant. I n samples in which acetylsalicylic acid has become partially hydrolvzed, both the intact and the hydrclyzed portions are determined individually. Preliminary experiments now in progress show that in a like manner the converse process is feasible: a strongly acidic immobile phase may be used t o trap alkaloidal compounds, which in turn are liberated by a solution of an aliphatic amine. These will be reported in a forthcoming publication.
REFERENCES (1) Higuchi, T . , and Patel, K. P., THIS JOURNAL, 41, 171(1952). (2) Banes, D., ibid., 44, 713(1955). (3) Smith, G., J. Assoc. 01%.Agr. Chemists, 37,677(1954).
Triazine Mercurial Diuretics* By SEYMOUR L. SHAPIRO, VINCENT A. PARRINO, and LOUIS FREEDMAN A series of mercurated N-allylguanamines has been prepared and evaluated as mercurial diuretics. T h e experimental data reflect that compounds of varying diuretic activity are obtainable by appropriate group variation within 1. Diuretic activity is also found i n a series of tris-mercurials synthesized by mercuration of tri-allylcyanurate.
T
HE MANY YEARS
of clinical experience with
mercurial diuretics have established that such drugs used with proper precaution are remarkably
*
Received April 2, 1967, from the Research Laboratories of the U.S. Vitamin Corporation, Yonkers, N. Y . Presented at the Meeting-in-Miniature, New York Section, American Chemical Society, February 15, 1957. The authors are indebted to Dr. G. Ungar and his staff for the pharmacologic screening of the compounds.
effective (1). However, numerous instances of untoward side effects ( 2 ) associated with such therapy have been a deterrent to wider usage as well as a stimulus (3) t o t h e medicinal chemist to prepare improved mercurials.
Since the discovery of mercurial diuretics by Vogl (4) in 1919, many compounds have been reported in which desirable improvements i n stability (5), safety (6), tolerance ( 7 ) , potency ( 8 ) , solubility (9), oral effectiveness (3, lo), and combinations of these factors have been achieved. With few exceptions the mercurial diuretics in clinical usage are derivable from mercuration of
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an allylamide structure of the type, D-NHCH2-CH(0Y)-CH2-HgX,wherein D is an organic nucleus affording a point of attachment for the mercurated allylamine linkage. This investigation was concerned with the synthesis of new mercurials embodying the s-triazine ring in an attempt to obtain compounds effective as diuretics at low dosage levels. In particular, the nucleus D was varied to embody the formoguanamine nucleus, known to have diuretic activity per se (11) and the acetoguanamine nucleus which manifests only slight diuretic activity (12). Typical of the structures prepared is I :
Rz
which was obtained by the following sequence of reactions: The allylamine hydrochloride (R1 = H, and CH3) was fused with dicyandiamide t o yield the biguanide (13) which in turn was cyclized with ethylformate (14) (R2 = H) or acetyl chloride (1.5) (Rp = CH,) t o the triazine 11. In the case Rl = H and R1 = CHBcyclization to the triazine 11,Rp = H was effected without isolation of the biguanide. Treatment of I1 with mercuric acetate (8) in the solvent YOH (Y = H, CHI, C2H5 and n-CaH7)
R2 I
A N N II
I
with probable mercuration at the terminal carbon atom (16) gave I isolable as I, X = OAc or OH. Conversion of I, X = OAc or OH to X = theophylline, carbonylsalicylamide (1,3,2-benzoxazine-2,4-dione) ,8-methylcarbonylsalicylamide, chloride, bromide, ascorbyl and potassium acid fluoride was effected in an aqueous system. The use of X = carbonylsalicylamide (17) evaluated a group, which in molecular size and character of mercurial bonding, was analogous to the theophyUine linkage which has been reported to reduce toxicity (18) in certain diuretic structures. Ascorbic acid has been reported to have a favorable effect on mercurial diuresis (19) and this suggested the use of X = ascorbyl. Finally, the
Vol. XLVI, NO. 11
inhibitory effect of fluoride ion on enzyme systems, coupled with the role of enzymes in the mode of action of mercurial diuretics (20, 21) indicated investigation of a mercury fluorine linkage. DISCUSSION
The compounds prepared were evaluated parenterally in dogs and the data has been summarized in Table I. Certain structural relationships are admissible upon inspection of the pharmacological data. The compounds I, RZ=H, have acute subcutaneoustoxicities, probably about twice as great as those in mercurials now in clinical use (22) while I, Rz = CHs compounds are probably more toxic. In general, variants of I, Rz = H, show a more favorablediuretic response than I, Rz = CH3 (compounds 1 vs. 17; 2 vs. 18; 5 vs. 22; however, see 20 us. 4). Correlation of structure and activity indicates that Y = CH3 is associated with the same favorable pattern (compounds 5 vs. 3, 11, 13; 21 vs. 18) that has been found by others (23, 24). The use of RI = CH3 as compared t o Rt = H (compound 15 vs. 5) did not have the favorable effect on diuresis noted by Rowland et al. (fib), in their series. Variation of X yielded considerable differences in response in the group I, RZ = H, X = theophylline, carbonylsalicylamide and chlorine were the most potent (compounds, 5, 6, 7 us. 4,8; 3, 2 ws. 1) while in the category I, RZ = CHa, X = OAc showed the best response (compounds 17 vs. 18, 19; 20 us. 21, 22). The fluoride derivative (compound 8) was not as effective as some of its structural analogs (compounds 5, 6, 7), although it had a pronounced diuretic effect. The ascorbyl derivative (compound 9) was not tested. While the findings with selected I (compound 5) in these animal experiments parallel the oral and intravenous diuretic activity of 3-chloromercuri-2methoxypropyl urea, the most potent mercurial in clinical use. the hazards of translation of results of animal testing to human use (23, 25) are well recognized. Diuretics containing two (26, 27) and three (27) mercury atoms per molecule have been prepared. An additional phase of this work entailed the preparation of triazine polymercurials derivable from triallyl cyanurate to give structures of the type 111, containing three mercury atoms per molecule:
0-z
In this series Y was varied as CHI and CaH5, and the compounds isolated as 111, X = OH which was converted t o 111, X = theophylline. The diuretic response in rats obtained with 111, Y = CHa, and X = theophylline, was considerably better than that obtained with a comparable dosage level of mercurophylline.
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
November 1957
691
TABLE I.-MERCURATEDALLYLTRIAZINES
OY Compound
Y
NO.
M. p.,Q OC.
X
Nitrogen, yob Calcd. Found
Formula
LD min.0
Aa(S. E.)
Ri. RP = H
H H H CHI CHR CH;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 RI I22
CzHs n-C3H7 n-C3H7
OAc .~ c1 Tho OAC Tho CSh
Tho Br Tho
127 191 129 181 117 113 108 148 108 122 110 168 182
OAC ThP KFzi
125 108 115
~
16.3 8.8f 23.0 15.8 22.3 15.5
16.0 8.9 23.0 15.9 22.2 15.6
14:1 12.5 15.4 21.9 14.3
13:4 12.7 15.4 21.6 14.1
..
..
50 25 50 50 40 50 30 50
..
loo ioo
79(1.4) 58" 78(6.2) 62(8.6) 119 4.9) 99t7.4) 104 (5.8) 81 (5.1)
.....
92(6.2) 64 (8.6)
_.... 50
CHa
= H
CHI CH; CH3
14 15 16
..
.....
50
106 (3.3)
30
58" 44e 42" 72e(6.4) 50* 51* 97/61e(10.2/7.4) 48(3.2) 43(4.9)
..
.....
RI = H RI = CHI
132 H OAc H Cl 212 19 H Br 209 ~. 149 20 CHI OAC 21 179 CH3 C1 "0 124 5 , CH3 Tho 3-Chloromercuri-2-methoxypropyl urea Mercurophylline Control test (no drug given) 17 18
C;H;iBrHiN;O CioHirHgNsOs CsHi4CIHgN60 C15H21HgNp03
17.3" 18.1 15.4 14.8 8.2, 8.5 21.9 21.8
20 30
25 20 20 60
a Melting points are all with decomposition and are not corrected. All of the melting points of these mercurials and those listed in the experimental section were characterized by long initial range of faint darkening and a point of definitive'darkening followed by a long range of gross decomposition, The point of definitive darkening has been listed as the melting point. The com ounds would not recrystallize from the usual solvents, although most of them were very soluble in water. b Analyses by Weigr and Strauss Oxford England. C The acute L D min. (minimal lethal dose) was established in mice by subcutaneous administration of 8: solutioh of the compound and is expressed in mg./Kg. (8-16 mice per test). Screening for diuretic activity was established in dogs by intravenous injection using the calculated amount of compound t o give a test level of 0.5 mg. mercnry/Kg. The dogs were dehydrated for twenty-four hours and catheterized just before testing; they were then force fed 0.9% saline a t the level of 25 ml./Kg. and the compound administered. The volume of urine voided was collected a t five hours post-injection and the activit (A) expressed as percenta e diuresis calculated on the basis of the following formula: Diuresis, % (Urine volume at 5 hr./galine volume given a t 0 hr.f X 100. Each result is expressed as the average response of six dogs. 0 Compound evaluated a t 0.25 mg. mercury/Kg. Standard error = ( S . E.). fChlorine analysis. 07-Theophylline derivative. h 3-(Carbonylsalicylamide) derivative. i 3- (S-Methylcarhon lsalicylamide) derivative.-Calcd. : C, 34.4; H , 3.2. Found: C. 35.4. H 3.6. iDihydrate compd. 8-Calcd.: C 1zO; H, 3.2. Found: C, 17.0; H , 3.5. Compd. 16-Calcd.: C, 18.8; H , 3.g. Found: C, 18.f; H, 3.5. k Z-Ascorbyl derivative, nature of bonding not established. ZCalcd.: C 32.6. H 3.9. Found: C 31.8. H 4.0. mDihydrate-Calcd.: C, 29.3; H, 4.1. Found: C , 29.0; H. 4.2. n Calcd.: C,'24.55 H: 3.4. Found: C,'24.3;' H,'3.8. a Bromine analysi-At 6 mg. mercury/Kg. orally in two dogs, % diuresis (five hours), compd. 5, 113%; 3-chloromercuri-2-methoxypropyl urea, 122%.
-
EXPERIMENTAL' Allylbiguanide Hydrochloride.-A mixture of 94.7Gm. (1 mole) of allylamine hydrochloride and 84 Gm. (1 mole) of dicyandiamide was fused over a four-hour period in an oil bath maintained at 135165'. The solid reaction product obtained after cooling was recrystallized from 500 ml. of boiling ethanol (carbon) yielding 83.1 Gm. (47%), m. p. 171-181'. Recrystallization from propanol gave m. p. 17f3-179'. And-Calcd. for C6HlzClNs: C, 33.8; H, 6.8. Found: C, 33.4;H, 7.2. 1 Descriptive data shown in the table is not reproduced in the Experimental Section.
N-Allylformoguanamine(from Allylbiguanide Hydrochloride).-A solution of 6.0 Gm. (0.033mole) of allylbiguanidehydrochloride in 30 ml. of methanol was treated with a solution of 0.8 Gm. (0.033mole) of sodium in 20 ml. of methanol. Ethyl formate (3.5ml.) was added to the cooled solution and the reaction mixture maintained a t 20' for seventy-two hours. After addition of 100 ml. of water and removal of the methanol, 4.4 Gm. of product separated. Recrystallization from acetonitrile gave 2.3Gm. (46%), m. p. 148-149' (28). And-Calcd. for C&IS,NS: C, 47.7; H, 6.0. Found: C, 47.5;H, 5.9. The picrate prepared from a methanol solution
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with aqueous picric acid, recrystallized from water, melted at 194-195'. Anal.-Calcd. for C12H12N~07: C, 37.9; H, 3.2. Found: C, 37.6; H, 3.2. N-Allylformoguanamine (from Allylamine Hydrochloride).-Fusion of allylamine hydrochloride and dicyandiamide as above was effected. The reaction mass was solubilized in methanol, an equivalent quantity of sodium mcthoxide added, followed by ethyl formate and the N-allylforinoguanamine isolated as above in 50Oj, yield, m. p. 146-147' (isopropanol), not depressing the melting point of the compound isolated starting with pure allylbiguanide hydrochloride; mixed m. p. 146-147". N-Ally1acetoguanarnine.-To a suspension of 35.5 Gm. (0.2 mole) of allylbiguanide hydrochloride in 100 ml. of acetonitrile was added a solution of 16.8 Gm. (0.4 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of water. The two-phase system was stirred and cooled (5") during the addition of 17 Gm. (0.22 mole) of acetyl chloride over thirty minutes. Stirring a t 20" was continued for three hours. After removal of acetonitrile and addition o f 100 ml. of water, 26.6 Gm. of product separated which after drying and recrystallization from benzene gave 19 Gm. (58%). m. p. 113-116'. And-Calcd. for C7H1,N5: C, 50.9; H, 6.7; N, 42.4. Found: C, 51.1; H, 6.8; N, 42.3. The picrate prepared from a methanol solution with aqueous picric acid melted at 187-189" (methanol). N-Methally1aminoformoguanamine.-A mixture of 18.7 Gm. (0.17 mole) of methallylamine hydrochloride and 12.3 Gm. (0.17 mole) of dicyandiamide was fused over a two-hour period in an oil bath maintained a t 150-180". The cooled fusion product was dissolved in a solution of 4.6 Gm. (0.2 mole) of sodium in 140 ml. of methanol. Ethyl formate (15 ml.) was added to the cooled solution and the reaction mixture maintained a t 20" for seventy-two hours. The sodium chloride was removed and the filtrate evaporated. The solid residue was extracted with three 250-ml. portions of hot benzene. The combined benzene extracts on standing gave 9.9 Gm. (35%), m. p. 132-134". And-Calcd. for C~HIINE.: C, 50.9; H, 6.7. Found: C, 51.3; H, 6.8. 2 -Amino- N-4- (3'-acetoxymercuri-Z '-methoxypropyl)amho-.r-triazine (Compound 4).-TO a solution of 9.0 Gm. (0.06 mole) of N-allylformoguanamine dissolved in 90 ml. of methanol was added a hot solution of 16.8 Gm. (0.053 mole) of mercuric acetate in 3 ml. of glacial acetic acid and 42 ml. of methanol. The reaction mixture was stirred under reflux for twenty hours and cooled. The volatiles were removed in vacuo, the product separated, triturated with acetone, and dried over phosphorus pentoxide. There was obtained 15.0 Gm. (57%). 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- [7-theophylline]mercuri-2'methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 5).Three grams (0.0068 mole) of compound 4 was added portionwise to a suspension of 1.28Gm. (0.007 mole) of anhydrous theophylline in 25 ml. of water. As the compound is formed, complete solution is effected. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove traces of insoluble material. Removal of filtrate water in vacuo yielded a residue of the product which was slurried with acetone, separated and dried over
phosphorus pentoxide and weighed 3.25 Gm. (84%). One gram of compound 5 dissolves in less than 1 ml. of water. 2 -Amino- N-4- (3'- [3-( 8-methylcarbonylsalicylamido )] mercuri-2 '-methoxypropy1)arnino-s- triazine (Compound ").-Three grams (0.0068 mole) of compound 4 was added portionwise to a suspension of 1.27 Gni. (0.0072 mole) of 8-methylcarb(~nylsdlicylamide in 75 ml. of water and 30 ml. of ethanol with warming to 60". The reaction mixture was filtered to remove traces of insoluble material and the filtrate concentrated to a thick syrup in vucuo. After trituration with acetone and drying over phosphorus pentoxide, 2.9 Gm. (74%) of product was obtained. 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- hydroxymercuri-2'- methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 23 ).-The reaction mixture was set up as for the preparation described under compound 4. The methanol solution of the formed compound 4 was treated with cooling and stirring with a solution of 6.5 Gm. of sodium hydroxide in 40 nil. of methanol. The copious white precipitate was filtered and dried, 22.9 Gm. (95yo), m. p. 170" (dec.). The product could not be recrystallized nor obtained analytically pure but was used directly for preparation of the compounds 9 and 10. Anal.-Calcd. for C7H1JIgNb02: C, 21.0; H, 3.2. Found: C, 22.2; H, 3.0. 2-Amino- N-4- (3'- ascorbylmercuri-2 '-methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine (Compound 9).-To a gummy suspension of 6.4 Gm. (0.016 mole) of compound 23 in 20 ml. of water there was added portionwise 3.17 Gm. (0,018 mole) of I-ascorbic acid. After one hour, the solution obtained was treated with carbon, filtered, and the water removed in zlucuo. The light yellow solid was dried over phosphorus pentoxide, triturated with acetone, and redried. There was obtained 7.7 Gm. (7773 of product as a white powder. 2 Amino-N-4-( 3 '-fluoromercuri- 2 '-methoxypropy1)amino-s-triazine potassium fluoride dihydrate (Compound 8).-To a gummy suspension of 6.4 Gm. (0.016 mole) of Compound 23 in 20 ml. of water there was added portionwise 1.4 Gm. (0.018 mole) of potassium acid fluoride. After trituration, stirring and standing for one hour, the components of the reaction mixture were substantially dissolved. Carbon was added and the solution filtered. Evaporation of the water in vacuo yielded a yellow syrup which solidified after drying for fifteen hours over phosphorus pentoxide. Upon trituration with acetone, there was obtained 6.1 Gm. (68%) of product as a light yellow powder. Tris(3' hydroxymercuri 2'- methoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 24).-A stirred solution of 20.0 Gm. (0.08 mole) of tri-allylcyanurate in 250 ml. of methanol was treated portionwise with 76.5 Gm. (0.24 mole) of mercuric acetate and allowed to stand twenty hours. The clear solution was stirred and treated with a solution of 9.6 Gm. (0.24 mole) of sodium hydroxide in 100 ml. of methanol. The formed precipitate (34 Gm.) was separated, and concentration of the filtrate to 75 ml. afforded an additional 43.5 Gm. of product (total yield, 97.5%). The product melted a t 225" (dec.). Anal.-Calcd. for ClsHz7HgaNa09: C, 18.1; H, 2.7; N, 4.2. Found: C, 18.3; H, 2.86; N,4.6.
-
-
-
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
November 1957
Tris(3'- hydroxymercuri- 2 '-ethoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 25).--Substitution of ethanol as the solvent medium in the reaction described above gave 40.3 Gm. (51%) of product, m. p. 25C-280' (dec.). And-Cald. for C18H33Hg3N309: N, 4.1. Found: N, 4.0. Tris(3 '- [ 7-theophylline]mercuri- 2 '-methoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 26).-To a warmed solution of 3.2 Gm. (0.018 mole) of theophylline in 200 ml. of water was added 6.0 Gm. (0.006 mole) of compound 24. The clear solution was allowed to stand overnight. The water was removed in vacuo and the residue of product dried over phosphorus pentoxide weighed 8.0 Gm. (90%). m. p. 194-222' (dec. ). Anal.-Calcd. for C36H4~Hg3N~601z: C, 29.2; H, 3.0; N, 14.2. Found: C, 29.1; H, 3.4; N, 14.4. Tris(3'- [7 -theophylline]mercuri- 2'- ethoxypropy1)cyanurate (Compound 27).-Processed as indicated for compound 26 using compound 25 as the initial reactant, the product was obtained in 84% yield, m. p. 250" (dec.). And-Calcd. for C ~ ~ H S I H ~ ~ NN,I ~13.8. O~~ Found: N, 13.8. Compound 26 was evaluated (intraperitoneal) in rats following the method of Lipschitz (29). Twelve rats were used in each group and dosage levels employed were compound 26, 12 mg./Kg. (Groups I and 11) ; mercurophylline, 12 mg./Kg. (Group 111) ; and urea, 1,500 mg./Kg. (Group IV). The results are summarized in Table 11.
TABLE II.-DIURETIC FACTOR^ Group
I* I I*
IIP IV
IN
HOURS
1
Hours 2
3
5.10 7.40 1.93 1.47
2.14 1.85 1.33 1.44
1.43 1.60 1.12 1.44
-
Diuretic factor = Urine collected in test group/Urine collected in control group. b Level of mercury in mg./Kg. corresponding t o dosage used: I and 11, 4.9; 111, 4.7.
SUMMARY 1. T h e diuretic response i n dogs, upon intravenous injection of a variety of newly synthesized mercurated amino-triazines, has been assessed in terms of relation of structure t o activity. 2. Structural features i n I associated with the maximal diuretic response are Y I= methyl, RI = hydrogen, RP = hydrogen and X = theophylline, chloride, carbonylsalicylamide, or S-methylcarhi )nylsdicylamide. :i. Synthesis of the required iiiteniicdiates for ultimate mercuratirm , s ~ c has 2-allylamino-4-
693
amino-s-triazine, 2-amino-4-methallylmino-s-triazine, and 2-allylamino-4-amino-6-methyl-s-triazine is described. 4. An additional series of mercurial diuretics prepared by mercuration of tri-allylcyanurate is described.
REFERENCES (1) Stroud, W. D., and Wagner, J. A.. Med. Clin. N . Amer., 38, 431(1954). (2) (a) Vogl A. A m . Practitioner and Dig. Treafment 5 35611954); (b) 'Smklwood, W. C., and Matthews, H. 'L.: Lancet, 1, 121(1956); (c) Segal, R. L., Ann. Internal Med., 43, 435(1955). (3) Kaufman, J. G., Bernstein, A., Weiss, F.. Klosk, E., and Feldman, H. S., Circelation, 12, 52(1955). (4) Vogl, A,, A m . Heart J . , 39, 881(1950). (5) (a) Schlesinger, A,, Weiner, N., and Gordon, S. M., U. S. Patent 2,728,780;(b) Wendt, G.R., U. S. Patent 2,751,325. (6) (a) Haloern. A.. U. S. Patent 2.592.418: (b) Fove. W. 0: and MGde R. A. THIS JOURNAL,44, 76(1955).-iCj We&, L. H. add Schdlz, C. R.. J . A m . Chem Soc.' 76 2425_3!1_9_4); (d) Lehman, R. A., U. S . Patents 2,5i6,34dand Z,Ola,66&
(7) (a) Barry, R. H., Wang, S. M., and Walter, L. A., :U. S. Patent 2,749,339;(b) Ehrhart, G.,et a1 , U. S. Patent 2 -,704.767 . - ., . ... (8) (a) Rowland, R. L. Perry W. L. Foreman F L. and Friedman H. I,., J. A m . ChLm. Soc', 7 2 , 359&1$50): (b) Rowland. R. L., Perry, W. L., and Gerstein, S., ibid., 73; a fiai/iaxii Y""*\Iuu-,.
(9) Shelton, R. S., Farmer, J. L., and Tilford. C. H., U. S. Patent 2 601 461. (10) B'atterman, R. C., Am. Heart J . , 48, 780(1954); (b) Dimltroff, S. P., Lewis, R. C., Thorner, M. C., and Field, J. B., ibid., 49, 407(1955); (c) Moyer, J. H . , McConn, R. G., Seibert, R. A,, Dennis, E. W., and Hughes, W., J . Chronic Diseases 2 670(1955). (11) ii&hitz, W.L., and Stokey, E., J . Pharmacol., 83. 235(1945). (12) Lipschitz W.L. and Hadidian, Z., ibid., 81.84(1944). (13) (a) Sugido, K.,hnd Idzumi, S., J . Chcm. Soc. Japan, 65 265(1944)' Chcm. Abstr. 41 3762(1947)- (b) Bobeck TBndick, F. H., and Burckl F.,' Ann., 487; 294(1931); halter J. H. J A m . Chem. Sac. 72, 1862(1950)' (d) Detweiler' W. K.' abd Amstutz, E. D', ibid., 74, 1483(1952). (14; Overderger, C. G.,and Shapiro, S. L., ibjd., 76, 93(1954). (15) Overberger, C. G., and Shapiro, S. L., ibid., 76, 1061(1954). (16) (a) Pearson, D. E., Sigal, M. V., Jr., and Krug R. H. J . Org. Chem. 15 1048(1950)- (b) Pearson, D. E. anh Sigal' M. V . Jr. ibih. <055(1950);{c) Park, W.R. R., and Wright: G. F.,'ibib., 19, 1435(1954); (d) Chatt, J., Chem. Rev., 48,
(d)
(b
rr,rnc,\
I115011.
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