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Ultrasonographic evaluation of the tongue and the floor of the mouth: Normal and pathological findings
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Abstracts / Int. J. Pediatr. Ororhinolaryngol. 32 (1995) 275-286
Nasophyqpd flora and S. poeumoniaeantibiotic resistance De La Rocque F.; Coben R.; Roocberat M.; Deforcbe D.; Wadbled V.; Ceslio P. MED. MAL. INFECT. (FRA) (1994) 24/SPEC. 1.X OCT. (967-970) Streptococcuspneumoniae is frequently carried in the nasopharyngeal flora and remains a leading cause of bacterial infection in young children. The same serogroups(6, 14, 19,23) are frequent in the carriage, the most common cause.of otitis media and systemic infection before 3 years of age, and implicated in the antibiotic resistance.The increasing number of S. pneumoniae resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics deserves to set up an epidemiologic survey. Between november 1990 and march 1994, 1476 nasopharyngeal bacteriological sampleswere performed by our group of pediatricians and ENT specialists in Paris area. There has been an alarming increase in antibiotics resistance: in 1994, 43% of S. pneumoniae strains showeda diminished susceptibility to fl-lactam antibiotics. Young children attending in day care center harbour more frequently S. pneumoniae. Children with rhinopharyngitis or acute otitis media (particularly those with high fever and otalgia) are more frequently colonized by this bacteria species than controls.
Ulmpbic evakwtion of tbe tongue sod tbe floor of tbe mouth: Normal nod pathological findings Garel C.; Eimaleb M.; Francois M.; Narcy P.; Hassao M. PEDIATR. RADIOL. (FRA) (1994) 24/g (554-557) An ultrasonographic study of the tongue and the floor of the mouth was performed in 30 healthy children (aged from 1 day to 15 years) in order to assessthe normal US anatomy of this region. The scanswere performed in sagittal and coronal planes with a 7.5-mHz transducer. Moreover, 22 children (aged from 1 day to 15 years) presenting with various clinical symptoms underwent US examination. This seriesincluded infectious and congenital diseases.The US findings were correlated with surgery and pathology in 19 cases,with the clinical. follow-up in 2 casesand with the nuclear study in 1 case. In each case, US could anatomically locate the lesion with very good accuracy. We conclude that US of the tongue and the floor of the mouth in children yields overall very good accuracy in the investigation of diseasesof this region. In this study, our purpose was (1) to evaluate the normal sonographic anatomy of the tongue and the floor of the mouth in children and (2) to determine whether it was possible to correctly localize various lesions and to evaluate their nature in order to guide the therapeutic approach.
Qualitative and quantitative immunoglobolin production by specific bacteria in chronic tonsillar disease Koch R.J.; Rrodsky L. LARYNGOSCOPE (WA) (1995) 105/l (42-48) Tonsillar tissue lymphocyte (TTL) function as measuredby immunoglobuhn production was assessedin vitro in 60 tonsils, 51 diseasedand 9 normal controls. The diseasedspecimenswere from children (aged 3 to 10 years) clinically classified as having recurrent tonsillitis (RT), idiopathic tonsillar hyperplasia (ITH), or recurrent tonsillitis with hyperplasia (RT/H). ITLs were challenged with intact, heatinactivated bacteria found in the core of diseasedtonsils-Streptococcuspyogenes (SP) and Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) as well as the dominant bacterium (DB) grown from that particular tonsillar core. The phytomitogen, leukoagglutinin (LA), was used as a nonspecific activator. Qualitative immunoglobutin production was assessedfor the immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobuhn M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) classes.Immunoglobulin-specific production was quantified at the basal level, and at 2, 4, and 6 days following stimulation. Stimulation with HIB produced the greatest amount of IgG and IgM in TTLs from control tonsils. The DB was a relatively weak stimulator of normal (control) TTLs, yet produced relatively brisk IgG responsesin the RT and ITH categories. It did, however, yield only marginal IgM secretion in these groups. IgA was consistently produced after stimulation in diseased TTLs, yet was not elicited from normal TTLs. The aforementioned findings suggest a differential qualitative and quantitatve immunoglobulin responsefor healthy, recurrently infected, and hyperplastic tonsils. Lymphocyte hypofunction along with structural changesassociatedwith hyperplasia may be central to the etiology of chronic tonsillar disease.The tonsillar immunologic responsein diseaseand health is discussed.
Abstracts / Int. J. Pediatr. Ororhinolaryngol. 32 (1995) 275-286
Nasophyqpd flora and S. poeumoniaeantibiotic resistance De La Rocque F.; Coben R.; Roocberat M.; Deforcbe D.; Wadbled V.; Ceslio P. MED. MAL. INFECT. (FRA) (1994) 24/SPEC. 1.X OCT. (967-970) Streptococcuspneumoniae is frequently carried in the nasopharyngeal flora and remains a leading cause of bacterial infection in young children. The same serogroups(6, 14, 19,23) are frequent in the carriage, the most common cause.of otitis media and systemic infection before 3 years of age, and implicated in the antibiotic resistance.The increasing number of S. pneumoniae resistant to penicillin and other antibiotics deserves to set up an epidemiologic survey. Between november 1990 and march 1994, 1476 nasopharyngeal bacteriological sampleswere performed by our group of pediatricians and ENT specialists in Paris area. There has been an alarming increase in antibiotics resistance: in 1994, 43% of S. pneumoniae strains showeda diminished susceptibility to fl-lactam antibiotics. Young children attending in day care center harbour more frequently S. pneumoniae. Children with rhinopharyngitis or acute otitis media (particularly those with high fever and otalgia) are more frequently colonized by this bacteria species than controls.
Ulmpbic evakwtion of tbe tongue sod tbe floor of tbe mouth: Normal nod pathological findings Garel C.; Eimaleb M.; Francois M.; Narcy P.; Hassao M. PEDIATR. RADIOL. (FRA) (1994) 24/g (554-557) An ultrasonographic study of the tongue and the floor of the mouth was performed in 30 healthy children (aged from 1 day to 15 years) in order to assessthe normal US anatomy of this region. The scanswere performed in sagittal and coronal planes with a 7.5-mHz transducer. Moreover, 22 children (aged from 1 day to 15 years) presenting with various clinical symptoms underwent US examination. This seriesincluded infectious and congenital diseases.The US findings were correlated with surgery and pathology in 19 cases,with the clinical. follow-up in 2 casesand with the nuclear study in 1 case. In each case, US could anatomically locate the lesion with very good accuracy. We conclude that US of the tongue and the floor of the mouth in children yields overall very good accuracy in the investigation of diseasesof this region. In this study, our purpose was (1) to evaluate the normal sonographic anatomy of the tongue and the floor of the mouth in children and (2) to determine whether it was possible to correctly localize various lesions and to evaluate their nature in order to guide the therapeutic approach.
Qualitative and quantitative immunoglobolin production by specific bacteria in chronic tonsillar disease Koch R.J.; Rrodsky L. LARYNGOSCOPE (WA) (1995) 105/l (42-48) Tonsillar tissue lymphocyte (TTL) function as measuredby immunoglobuhn production was assessedin vitro in 60 tonsils, 51 diseasedand 9 normal controls. The diseasedspecimenswere from children (aged 3 to 10 years) clinically classified as having recurrent tonsillitis (RT), idiopathic tonsillar hyperplasia (ITH), or recurrent tonsillitis with hyperplasia (RT/H). ITLs were challenged with intact, heatinactivated bacteria found in the core of diseasedtonsils-Streptococcuspyogenes (SP) and Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) as well as the dominant bacterium (DB) grown from that particular tonsillar core. The phytomitogen, leukoagglutinin (LA), was used as a nonspecific activator. Qualitative immunoglobutin production was assessedfor the immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobuhn M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA) classes.Immunoglobulin-specific production was quantified at the basal level, and at 2, 4, and 6 days following stimulation. Stimulation with HIB produced the greatest amount of IgG and IgM in TTLs from control tonsils. The DB was a relatively weak stimulator of normal (control) TTLs, yet produced relatively brisk IgG responsesin the RT and ITH categories. It did, however, yield only marginal IgM secretion in these groups. IgA was consistently produced after stimulation in diseased TTLs, yet was not elicited from normal TTLs. The aforementioned findings suggest a differential qualitative and quantitatve immunoglobulin responsefor healthy, recurrently infected, and hyperplastic tonsils. Lymphocyte hypofunction along with structural changesassociatedwith hyperplasia may be central to the etiology of chronic tonsillar disease.The tonsillar immunologic responsein diseaseand health is discussed.