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Underground bus terminal for Amsterdam: construction issues
265A loading and stress relief cycles and erosive effects, and increase the availability of water. Two dimensional U D E C modelling has been carded out for different loading conditions and sequences, and effects on stress, fracturing, hydraulic conditions, and displacements evaluated. A preferred location is found for the repository.
Underground construction methods 934458 Mining for building expansion Croswell, R M; Dill, R B; Booth, J Civ Engng, N Y V62, N12, Dec 1992, P48-51 Expansion of a semiconductor plant required construction of access to underused basement space. The route was under a slab topped by vibration sensitive operations. Rapid construction with negligible settlement or uplift of the slab was necessary. A series of contiguous horizontal soil dowels was installed around the perimeter of the tunnel. Holes 150200mm diameter were drilled, reinforcing bars installed and the holes filled with cement grout. Excavation proceeded beneath this preformed arch.
934459 Modem tunnel construction method: jet grouting (In German) Fechtig, R Gluckauf V128, N8, Aug 1992, P618-622 A description is presented of the jet grouting method, developed over the past 30 years for tunnelling in poorly consolidated strata. Boreholes are drilled from the periphery of the tunnel roof and cement or cement/bentonite grouts jetted at pressures up to 600 bar. Contiguous grout columns form a roof under which excavation can continue. Use of this technique for expansion of the Zurich S-Bahn is illustrated.
93446O Roadheading with shot-firing or selective-cut machine (In German) Meier, W Gluckauf V128, N8, Aug 1992, P585-590 It was required to drive two gate roads from two directions with a total length of 6.85km at the Auguste Victoria colliery in Germany. Initial schedules specified drill and blast but because of the high costs of material supply and removal, an economic comparison was made with use of the selective cut roadheader. On the basis of expected total costs, the original method was retained. Costs from the completion of the first heading support this decision.
934461 Consolidation of side walls in the drilling head area of fullface machines (In German) Hollenburg, T; Weibezahn, K; Deibel, T Gluckanf V128, NIO, Oct 1992, P739-744 Overbreaks can occur close to the face when a full-face TBM is operated in rock containing faults or fractures. Caving in the drilling head area can be detected behind the face using ultrasonic sensors and information on the location of the overbreak transmitted to the computer controlling the TBM. The overbreaks can then be shotcreted through nozzles integrated on the drilling head in front of the dust shield.
934462 Study of non-blasting tuunemng by slot drilling method Hagimori, K; Furukawa, K; Nakagawa, K; Yokozeki, Y Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V2, P1001-1004. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The use of slot drilling and hydraulic impact breakers allows tunnelling in rock in areas highly sensitive to vibration and noise. Data obtained from the Daini-shinkobe tunnel in hard granite in Japan are presented. The equipment and procedures used are outlined. Optimisation of this tunnelling technique is discussed. Results suggest that cycle time and reasonable length of slot can be evaluated on a basis of rock uniaxial compressive strength and joint spacing.
934463 Tunnel excavation with TBM pilot machine on AKIHA No 3 hydropower station Watanabe, K; Sunamichi, M; Kajiyama, T Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V2, P1023-1028. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema, 1991 The A K I H A tailrace tunnel is 3.32km long, 7.1m diameter, and runs through black and green schist containing 12 fracture zones, of maximum width 85m. It was excavated using a pilot machine (3.3m diameter) and reaming machine. Pilot tunnel excavation rate averaged 317m/month, with maxima of 553m/month and 44m/day. Geological evaluation of weathering and schistosity, Schmidt hammer tests, seismic surveying, and plate load testing using the TBM gripper pads were carfled out during the pilot tunnel construction. Data obtained were used for rock mass classification of the reaming stage.
Groundwater problems 934464 Origin of acid mine drainage in Enugu Uma, K O Environ Geol Water Sci V20, N3, Nov-Dec 1992, P181-194 Two of the four Enugu coal mines in Nigeria have been abandoned because of flooding. Hydrology and hydrodynamics of the area have been studied to determine the source of the inflow. Two prolific aquifers, an unconfined system and a confined system, overlie the mine, the former providing most of the mine water. The flow path is provided as a result of oxidation processes occurring in longwall sumps. Despite release of some 1800 cubic m of acid mine drainage daily, damage to the receiving streams is small.
934465 Underground bus terminal for Amsterdam: construction issues Bosch, J W Tanalg Underground Space Technol V8, NI, Jan 1993, P1924 This proposed major underground project must be accomplished rapidly and without disruption. Construction is envisaged inside a combi-pile retaining wall with temporary overhead platforms and bridges. Construction based on placement of a very large watertight box below the water table will create considerable uplift forces. To overcome this problem economically, use was made of a clay layer underlying the site. This became as the impermeable base for construction and the resulting polder was pumped dry.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
Underground construction methods 934458 Mining for building expansion Croswell, R M; Dill, R B; Booth, J Civ Engng, N Y V62, N12, Dec 1992, P48-51 Expansion of a semiconductor plant required construction of access to underused basement space. The route was under a slab topped by vibration sensitive operations. Rapid construction with negligible settlement or uplift of the slab was necessary. A series of contiguous horizontal soil dowels was installed around the perimeter of the tunnel. Holes 150200mm diameter were drilled, reinforcing bars installed and the holes filled with cement grout. Excavation proceeded beneath this preformed arch.
934459 Modem tunnel construction method: jet grouting (In German) Fechtig, R Gluckauf V128, N8, Aug 1992, P618-622 A description is presented of the jet grouting method, developed over the past 30 years for tunnelling in poorly consolidated strata. Boreholes are drilled from the periphery of the tunnel roof and cement or cement/bentonite grouts jetted at pressures up to 600 bar. Contiguous grout columns form a roof under which excavation can continue. Use of this technique for expansion of the Zurich S-Bahn is illustrated.
93446O Roadheading with shot-firing or selective-cut machine (In German) Meier, W Gluckauf V128, N8, Aug 1992, P585-590 It was required to drive two gate roads from two directions with a total length of 6.85km at the Auguste Victoria colliery in Germany. Initial schedules specified drill and blast but because of the high costs of material supply and removal, an economic comparison was made with use of the selective cut roadheader. On the basis of expected total costs, the original method was retained. Costs from the completion of the first heading support this decision.
934461 Consolidation of side walls in the drilling head area of fullface machines (In German) Hollenburg, T; Weibezahn, K; Deibel, T Gluckanf V128, NIO, Oct 1992, P739-744 Overbreaks can occur close to the face when a full-face TBM is operated in rock containing faults or fractures. Caving in the drilling head area can be detected behind the face using ultrasonic sensors and information on the location of the overbreak transmitted to the computer controlling the TBM. The overbreaks can then be shotcreted through nozzles integrated on the drilling head in front of the dust shield.
934462 Study of non-blasting tuunemng by slot drilling method Hagimori, K; Furukawa, K; Nakagawa, K; Yokozeki, Y Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V2, P1001-1004. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The use of slot drilling and hydraulic impact breakers allows tunnelling in rock in areas highly sensitive to vibration and noise. Data obtained from the Daini-shinkobe tunnel in hard granite in Japan are presented. The equipment and procedures used are outlined. Optimisation of this tunnelling technique is discussed. Results suggest that cycle time and reasonable length of slot can be evaluated on a basis of rock uniaxial compressive strength and joint spacing.
934463 Tunnel excavation with TBM pilot machine on AKIHA No 3 hydropower station Watanabe, K; Sunamichi, M; Kajiyama, T Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V2, P1023-1028. Publ Rotterdam." A A Balkema, 1991 The A K I H A tailrace tunnel is 3.32km long, 7.1m diameter, and runs through black and green schist containing 12 fracture zones, of maximum width 85m. It was excavated using a pilot machine (3.3m diameter) and reaming machine. Pilot tunnel excavation rate averaged 317m/month, with maxima of 553m/month and 44m/day. Geological evaluation of weathering and schistosity, Schmidt hammer tests, seismic surveying, and plate load testing using the TBM gripper pads were carfled out during the pilot tunnel construction. Data obtained were used for rock mass classification of the reaming stage.
Groundwater problems 934464 Origin of acid mine drainage in Enugu Uma, K O Environ Geol Water Sci V20, N3, Nov-Dec 1992, P181-194 Two of the four Enugu coal mines in Nigeria have been abandoned because of flooding. Hydrology and hydrodynamics of the area have been studied to determine the source of the inflow. Two prolific aquifers, an unconfined system and a confined system, overlie the mine, the former providing most of the mine water. The flow path is provided as a result of oxidation processes occurring in longwall sumps. Despite release of some 1800 cubic m of acid mine drainage daily, damage to the receiving streams is small.
934465 Underground bus terminal for Amsterdam: construction issues Bosch, J W Tanalg Underground Space Technol V8, NI, Jan 1993, P1924 This proposed major underground project must be accomplished rapidly and without disruption. Construction is envisaged inside a combi-pile retaining wall with temporary overhead platforms and bridges. Construction based on placement of a very large watertight box below the water table will create considerable uplift forces. To overcome this problem economically, use was made of a clay layer underlying the site. This became as the impermeable base for construction and the resulting polder was pumped dry.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted