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US environmental quality report
Marine Pollution Bulletin
After a general description of Shetland, and more detailed information about the Sullom Voe region, the assessment describes the project and explains the various environmental measures undertaken. The report also details recommendations for operation of the terminal-including fire prevention and safety, monitoring and the prevention and handling of oil spills. It concludes with a section on the future organization of environmental work during the operation of Sullom Voe terminal. The report formed the basis of a public environmental seminar held at Firths Voe, Shetland, on 9 June.
Heavy. Metals in Salt Marsh Environments Skidaway Institute of Oceanography. (1976). Geochemical Interactions o f Heavy Metals in Southeastern Salt Marsh Environments. 36 pp. Washington, D.C.: US Environmental Protection Agency. (Report No. EPA600/3-76-023). The movement, geochemical interactions and fate of mercury, cadmiumand other heavy metals in southeastern salt marsh environments have been summarized in a recent report from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The report presents the findings of a threeyear study conducted by the Skidaway Institute of Oceanography. The importance of the project lies in the fact that geochemical processes control the form and quantity in which heavy metal pollutants enter estuarine and nearshore food webs before reaching man. These processes must therefore be understood if the impact of t h e pollution is to be predicted. Among major conclusions of the study are the following. I. South-eastern rivers are similar in their concentrations o fdissolvedmercuryandcadium. In this regard, heavily-industrializedrivers do not differ from those that are undeveloped, suggesting that metal inputs are not reflected in the water column but are probably evident in sediments. 2. High levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter in rivers can influence the fate of metal pollutants. 3. Industrialized estuaries differ from undeveloped estuaries only in the concentration of heavy metals in bottom sediments. 4. Estuaries actas sinks for iron and manganese. This is probably true for other transition metals as well. 5. The accumulation of mercury in salt marsh sediments may be due to methylation. This results in long-term localized environmental problems related to accumulation in organisms. 6. Mercury levels in coastal waters vary seasonally due to seasonal atmospheric inputs. 7. The residence time of mercury and cadmium in coastal waters is estimated to be 17 and 3 weeks respectively.
US Environmental Quality Report US Council on Environmental Quality (1975). Environmental Quality~The sixth annual report of the 160
~;~'~e Mm~me i~qUutim~B~l~tim~ p u b t ~ m a n m ~ a n U see ; ~6U~t,tO ~ a l ~ .
aspec~ a the figllt f e ¢ ~ l i ~ a~!e~;~.~!and- oemms~ includes: :!Oews
i~! ¢Ha.~
substances t o ,martr~- h f e b u t ~lsc~:m t,
;i"~rnel~' and pr0ductiv~{of l h e - m a t i n e ~ i r o n n ~ a J ~e,.~ and.p r ~ ( r ~; t ' a.m those ,~ g-;% . .l.~ s as.well~.~s ~e~lresU~t~of pc ,:/ ~ +
= Reprmt~-Of~ a r t ! d e s canzbeesupphect~t~ a reasonable c o s v a r ~ : : art order, f0rr-T~ f o r ttJem will' be sent t o c o n t r i b u t o r s pPior tcr~'? pubhc,~tlotiJ - "- ',~~: : . " '~ E d i t o r : Professor" R. B. Clark, D e p a r t m e n t o f Z o o l o g y ; T h e University.,Newcastle u p o n Type. England NE1 7RU. N e w t . E d i t o r : D a v i d Moulder. T h e L a b o c a z o r y , Citade[' H i l l .
Plymou/th. D e v o n . . :
,.,
Publisher; .Pergamon Press;LHeadingto~-, HJf[; H~ll; Oxforl~:, O X 3 QBV~ a n d M a x w e l l House. Fairview .Park. Etmsford. N Y Annual subscription $20d
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
All Subscription enqtaries should be addresse¢~ t o , t h e Sul:~: -scriptior~'; Fulfillment. Manager, Pergamon. Pres~ Ltd,. ".Headington Hill H a l l . O x f o r d O X 3 0BW. E n g | a n d : ; All Advertising enquiries should b e addressed to: doornals~ A d v e r t i s e m e n t Manage~, Pergamon Press~ LtcL, H e a d i n g t o n : Hill Hall. O x f o r d O X 3 0BW. Tel: Oxf0rd64881~, (ext. 278).. Microf'dm S u b s ¢ r i p t i o n ~ are available f r o m M i c r o f o r m ~ Iktte~;~ " ~nat,ionat Markerin~r Company." a Division o f Pergamon .Press:~ I n c . ~ ' a t the most.-~:onvenient address-.* Fairview P'ark~ : 'e, Elmsforc~ N Y 105:~,;': U.S.A. o r CowpeP:;~Hou~e~:/Olne%~.. Bucks; England. ~ • ' ~(/'~:~, ~ - , : ' : ~'~Copvrigh¢© 1976 Perga~mon Press L t d ; :~,:~'t~: . :, ~:" :
~"~No part Of this publicaU~ may be reproduced, stored in ,a~ ~Kratri~vat system or.~ransmit~ed in any f o r m o r bV am/.means: ' ~tact~ani~ elactrostatie, m a g n e t i c tape,, m'aehanical, phota-:~ .. :,~ Cap¥in~,[ recording ~~or: otherwise, w i t h o u t permission .in• w r i t i n g f r o m the. publishers: .! ' : . . . . . . . . ::: , I~NO025--326X
.
...
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Council on Environmental Quality. xxxv, 763 pp. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office. Price: $6.60. The US Government's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) has published its sixth annual report. It is a wide ranging document which presents the Council's latest viewpoint on most of the long-standing global environmental problems with particular emphasis on those affecting the United States. The sections dealing with the marine environment represent only a small portion of the publication but contain some interesting information. The report states, for instance, that although the amount of PCBs being discharged into the oceans from North America is lower by a factor of at least 30 than that of DDT, samplings in the North Atlantic indicate that PCB residues in the water are at least as high as those of DDT, possibly reflecting the even greater persistence of the PCBs. More optimistically however, it is mentioned that, in coastal areas contaminated by mercury from industrial wastes, the levels of the metal in invertebrates from these regions decrease rapidly following reductions in the rate of mercury discharge. In another section, concern is expressed over the likely impacts upon the marine areas of the Polar regions of the increasing exploitation of their petroleum and mineral reserves.
Printed in Great Britain by Express Litho Service (Oxford) and set by Cotswold Typesetting Ltd., CheRennam
400
After a general description of Shetland, and more detailed information about the Sullom Voe region, the assessment describes the project and explains the various environmental measures undertaken. The report also details recommendations for operation of the terminal-including fire prevention and safety, monitoring and the prevention and handling of oil spills. It concludes with a section on the future organization of environmental work during the operation of Sullom Voe terminal. The report formed the basis of a public environmental seminar held at Firths Voe, Shetland, on 9 June.
Heavy. Metals in Salt Marsh Environments Skidaway Institute of Oceanography. (1976). Geochemical Interactions o f Heavy Metals in Southeastern Salt Marsh Environments. 36 pp. Washington, D.C.: US Environmental Protection Agency. (Report No. EPA600/3-76-023). The movement, geochemical interactions and fate of mercury, cadmiumand other heavy metals in southeastern salt marsh environments have been summarized in a recent report from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The report presents the findings of a threeyear study conducted by the Skidaway Institute of Oceanography. The importance of the project lies in the fact that geochemical processes control the form and quantity in which heavy metal pollutants enter estuarine and nearshore food webs before reaching man. These processes must therefore be understood if the impact of t h e pollution is to be predicted. Among major conclusions of the study are the following. I. South-eastern rivers are similar in their concentrations o fdissolvedmercuryandcadium. In this regard, heavily-industrializedrivers do not differ from those that are undeveloped, suggesting that metal inputs are not reflected in the water column but are probably evident in sediments. 2. High levels of dissolved and particulate organic matter in rivers can influence the fate of metal pollutants. 3. Industrialized estuaries differ from undeveloped estuaries only in the concentration of heavy metals in bottom sediments. 4. Estuaries actas sinks for iron and manganese. This is probably true for other transition metals as well. 5. The accumulation of mercury in salt marsh sediments may be due to methylation. This results in long-term localized environmental problems related to accumulation in organisms. 6. Mercury levels in coastal waters vary seasonally due to seasonal atmospheric inputs. 7. The residence time of mercury and cadmium in coastal waters is estimated to be 17 and 3 weeks respectively.
US Environmental Quality Report US Council on Environmental Quality (1975). Environmental Quality~The sixth annual report of the 160
~;~'~e Mm~me i~qUutim~B~l~tim~ p u b t ~ m a n m ~ a n U see ; ~6U~t,tO ~ a l ~ .
aspec~ a the figllt f e ¢ ~ l i ~ a~!e~;~.~!and- oemms~ includes: :!Oews
i~! ¢Ha.~
substances t o ,martr~- h f e b u t ~lsc~:m t,
;i"~rnel~' and pr0ductiv~{of l h e - m a t i n e ~ i r o n n ~ a J ~e,.~ and.p r ~ ( r ~; t ' a.m those ,~ g-;% . .l.~ s as.well~.~s ~e~lresU~t~of pc ,:/ ~ +
= Reprmt~-Of~ a r t ! d e s canzbeesupphect~t~ a reasonable c o s v a r ~ : : art order, f0rr-T~ f o r ttJem will' be sent t o c o n t r i b u t o r s pPior tcr~'? pubhc,~tlotiJ - "- ',~~: : . " '~ E d i t o r : Professor" R. B. Clark, D e p a r t m e n t o f Z o o l o g y ; T h e University.,Newcastle u p o n Type. England NE1 7RU. N e w t . E d i t o r : D a v i d Moulder. T h e L a b o c a z o r y , Citade[' H i l l .
Plymou/th. D e v o n . . :
,.,
Publisher; .Pergamon Press;LHeadingto~-, HJf[; H~ll; Oxforl~:, O X 3 QBV~ a n d M a x w e l l House. Fairview .Park. Etmsford. N Y Annual subscription $20d
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
All Subscription enqtaries should be addresse¢~ t o , t h e Sul:~: -scriptior~'; Fulfillment. Manager, Pergamon. Pres~ Ltd,. ".Headington Hill H a l l . O x f o r d O X 3 0BW. E n g | a n d : ; All Advertising enquiries should b e addressed to: doornals~ A d v e r t i s e m e n t Manage~, Pergamon Press~ LtcL, H e a d i n g t o n : Hill Hall. O x f o r d O X 3 0BW. Tel: Oxf0rd64881~, (ext. 278).. Microf'dm S u b s ¢ r i p t i o n ~ are available f r o m M i c r o f o r m ~ Iktte~;~ " ~nat,ionat Markerin~r Company." a Division o f Pergamon .Press:~ I n c . ~ ' a t the most.-~:onvenient address-.* Fairview P'ark~ : 'e, Elmsforc~ N Y 105:~,;': U.S.A. o r CowpeP:;~Hou~e~:/Olne%~.. Bucks; England. ~ • ' ~(/'~:~, ~ - , : ' : ~'~Copvrigh¢© 1976 Perga~mon Press L t d ; :~,:~'t~: . :, ~:" :
~"~No part Of this publicaU~ may be reproduced, stored in ,a~ ~Kratri~vat system or.~ransmit~ed in any f o r m o r bV am/.means: ' ~tact~ani~ elactrostatie, m a g n e t i c tape,, m'aehanical, phota-:~ .. :,~ Cap¥in~,[ recording ~~or: otherwise, w i t h o u t permission .in• w r i t i n g f r o m the. publishers: .! ' : . . . . . . . . ::: , I~NO025--326X
.
...
r~
Council on Environmental Quality. xxxv, 763 pp. Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office. Price: $6.60. The US Government's Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) has published its sixth annual report. It is a wide ranging document which presents the Council's latest viewpoint on most of the long-standing global environmental problems with particular emphasis on those affecting the United States. The sections dealing with the marine environment represent only a small portion of the publication but contain some interesting information. The report states, for instance, that although the amount of PCBs being discharged into the oceans from North America is lower by a factor of at least 30 than that of DDT, samplings in the North Atlantic indicate that PCB residues in the water are at least as high as those of DDT, possibly reflecting the even greater persistence of the PCBs. More optimistically however, it is mentioned that, in coastal areas contaminated by mercury from industrial wastes, the levels of the metal in invertebrates from these regions decrease rapidly following reductions in the rate of mercury discharge. In another section, concern is expressed over the likely impacts upon the marine areas of the Polar regions of the increasing exploitation of their petroleum and mineral reserves.
Printed in Great Britain by Express Litho Service (Oxford) and set by Cotswold Typesetting Ltd., CheRennam
400