- Email: [email protected]
Using Photovoice with Head Start Families to Assess Nutrition and Health Barriers
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 16
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health Using Photovoice with Head Start Families to Assess Nutrition and Health Barriers
You Teach What You Eat: Classroom Nutrition of Hispanic Elementary School Teachers
Author(s): M.E. Miller, J. Kaesberg, V.B. Thompson, R. Wand; Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
Author(s): J. Tamargo1, C. Coccia1, K. Brogan-Hartlieb1, G. Senokossoff2, A. Campa1, F. Huffman1; 1Florida International University, 2Coker University
Learning Outcome: After this presentation, attendees should be able to: state the themes identified by Head Start parents as barriers in raising a healthy preschooler; list the steps utilized in the Photovoice process; identify how the process of photovoice can be utilized in their own practice or research.
Learning Outcome: Identify relationships between personal nutrition factors and classroom nutrition in a predominately Hispanic elementary school.
Less access to healthy food and fewer opportunities for physical activity contribute to obesity in low-income families. An interdisciplinary research team partnered with an Ohio county Head Start to conduct a needs assessment, which revealed 44% of the preschool children were overweight or obese. A photovoice project was conducted with mothers/primary caregivers as a component of the larger needs assessment to elicit a deeper understanding of the barriers to raising healthy preschoolers that may contribute to the high prevalence of obesity. Participants attended five 2-hour sessions which included a description of the photovoice process, camera use, photo ethics, identification and reflection of photos, and discussion of images they generated as symbols of the barriers and assets to raising healthy children. Sessions were audiorecorded and transcribed. Themes were generated using constant comparative analysis. Researchers independently coded the transcripts and codes were categorized into themes as a collaborative process. These themes were reviewed with the participants to assure validity. Themes that developed included unsafe neighborhoods for outside play, grocery shopping barriers and strategies, math literacy for nutrition labels, lack of family meals at the table, limited cooking skills and utensils, challenges in setting boundaries and limits for unhealthy behaviors, and access and affordability of healthy foods. The results of the photovoice project provided insight into the unique challenges that Head Start families face and demonstrate the power of a photograph to launch deep discussion and insight into community issues. These results will be utilized to design culturally-relevant interventions with these families.
Objective: Examine teachers’ attitudes about nutrition and determine the impact of nutrition knowledge (NK) & body mass index (BMI) on self-efficacy for teaching nutrition, role modeling & the use of food as a reward. Design: A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate BMI, NK, self-efficacy, food intake & food-related practices of elementary school teachers. Participants: Teachers & school administrators were recruited from a Title 1 public elementary school in the southeast region of the United States. Participants (N¼33) were Hispanic (96%), White (76%) & Female (80%). Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlations & linear regressions were calculated by SPSS v.21.0. Results: The majority of teachers(84%) were overweight/obese with dietary habits significantly predicting BMI(a¼-.64, t¼-3.46, p¼.003). Teachers felt child eating behaviors are a priority issue to address during school(62.5%) & noted the importance of a healthy school food environment(75%), but also showed poor NK(66%14.69 correct) & low self-efficacy for teaching nutrition(50.5710.15). In addition, teachers’ BMI was negatively associated with self-efficacy for teaching nutrition(a¼-.45, t¼-2.06, p¼.055). Finally, teaching higher grade levels significantly predicted decreased nutritionrelated role modeling(a¼-.64, t¼-3.32, p¼.004). Discussion: Knowledge & self-efficacy for teaching nutrition was low among the elementary school teachers examined. High BMI indicated low self-efficacy for teaching nutrition & teaching higher grade levels was negatively correlated with food role modeling. These results present an opportunity for developing targeted interventions.
Funding Disclosure: Miami University Office of the Advancement of Research and Scholarship
Funding Disclosure: This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2015-69001-23241
Weight-related Cognitions and Behaviors Differ by Mothers’ Weight Status
The Chinese Body, Mind and Soul program: A Model to Combat Obesity in the San Francisco Chinese Community
Author(s): J. McKinley, J. Martin-Biggers, E. Gager, C. Byrd-Bredbenner; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Learning Outcome: To describe how weight-related cognitions and behaviors of mothers of young children differ by maternal weight status. Mothers completed an online survey assessing weight-related cognitions and behaviors. Independent t-tests comparing 95 healthy weight mothers (HWM, BMI<25) with 89 overweight mothers (OWM, BMI25) revealed HWM were significantly (P<.05) more food secure (3.620.72SD vs 3.170.95, 4-point scale) and had better health (4.050.84 vs 3.160.88, 5-point scale) than OWM. Families of HWMs and OWMs had similar numbers of family meals/ week (13.544.86 vs 13.205.01), but HWMs’ families ate significantly fewer meals/week in front of the TV (1.121.74 vs 2.012.42). Using 5-point scales, OWMs were significantly more disinhibited (2.090.81 vs 1.800.76) and emotional (2.31.98 vs 1.96.82) eaters than HWMs. HWM also engaged in significantly more modeling of healthy eating behaviors (3.970.67 vs 3.630.75) and had greater self-efficacy for buying healthy foods (4.070.91 vs 3.661.10) and avoiding weight gain (3.581.09 vs 3.001.21) than OWM. HWM consumed fewer percent calories from fat/day (34.075.26 vs 36.156.02) and fewer sugar-sweetened beverages calories/day (39.3079.28 vs 84.57119.89) than OWM. HWM also slept more hours/day (7.280.93 vs 6.801.26) and had better sleep quality (3.580.78 vs 3.070.88, 5-point scale) than OWM. Compared to OWM, HWM were more concerned about the time their kids spent watching TV (4.630.76 vs 4.340.96, 5-point scale). Overall, HWM displayed healthier weight-related cognitions and behaviors than OWM, but also demonstrated areas in need of improvement. Findings can assist nutrition professionals in identifying where education efforts should be focused to help mothers make environment and lifestyle changes to improve family health. Funding Disclosure: USDA NIFA #2011-68001-30170 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation Ann Hertzler Research Grant
A-36
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Author(s): C. Wong, A. Tam; Chinatown Public Health Center, San Francisco Department of Public Health Learning Outcome: Participants will learn the three pillars of the Chinese Body, Mind & Soul program, and name three activities and name three skills that the participants will learn. The Chinese Body, Mind & Soul is a bilingual nutrition and physical activity program for low income Chinese. It is based on a national education program of the National Cancer Institute called the Body and Soul program. This program empowers church members to improve their nutritional and physical well-being in order to reduce the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases. It includes 3 pillars: committed church pastors, church activities and a church environment that promote healthy eating and active living. Guided by the spectrum of prevention model, program activities include nutrition and physical activity workshops, in-service trainings, Healthy Sunday sermons, fellowship outreach, exhibits, coalition building, media outreach, and organization-wide policy setting. A 5-week nutrition workshop series was conducted in 2015. Workshop comprised of lectures, interactive games, goal setting and food tasting. Topics included: balanced meal plan, MyPlate, food labels, low-fat low-sugar eating, portion control, rethink your drink, screen time, physical activity and healthy cooking. Program impact included: 20% increase in clients who avoid drinking sweetened drinks, 22% increase in clients who eat 5 cups or more fruits and vegetables per day and 24% increase in clients who read food labels. Positive behavioral and church environment changes were made by 5 partnering churches. Success stories include weight loss, controlled diabetes and hypertension, and changes in eating and physical activity habits. A manual on the implementation of this program was developed. The Chinese Body, Mind & Soul program has reached over 1000 Chinese in the past two years. Funding Disclosure: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education Funding
September 2016 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 116 Number 9
Poster Session: Wellness and Public Health Using Photovoice with Head Start Families to Assess Nutrition and Health Barriers
You Teach What You Eat: Classroom Nutrition of Hispanic Elementary School Teachers
Author(s): M.E. Miller, J. Kaesberg, V.B. Thompson, R. Wand; Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
Author(s): J. Tamargo1, C. Coccia1, K. Brogan-Hartlieb1, G. Senokossoff2, A. Campa1, F. Huffman1; 1Florida International University, 2Coker University
Learning Outcome: After this presentation, attendees should be able to: state the themes identified by Head Start parents as barriers in raising a healthy preschooler; list the steps utilized in the Photovoice process; identify how the process of photovoice can be utilized in their own practice or research.
Learning Outcome: Identify relationships between personal nutrition factors and classroom nutrition in a predominately Hispanic elementary school.
Less access to healthy food and fewer opportunities for physical activity contribute to obesity in low-income families. An interdisciplinary research team partnered with an Ohio county Head Start to conduct a needs assessment, which revealed 44% of the preschool children were overweight or obese. A photovoice project was conducted with mothers/primary caregivers as a component of the larger needs assessment to elicit a deeper understanding of the barriers to raising healthy preschoolers that may contribute to the high prevalence of obesity. Participants attended five 2-hour sessions which included a description of the photovoice process, camera use, photo ethics, identification and reflection of photos, and discussion of images they generated as symbols of the barriers and assets to raising healthy children. Sessions were audiorecorded and transcribed. Themes were generated using constant comparative analysis. Researchers independently coded the transcripts and codes were categorized into themes as a collaborative process. These themes were reviewed with the participants to assure validity. Themes that developed included unsafe neighborhoods for outside play, grocery shopping barriers and strategies, math literacy for nutrition labels, lack of family meals at the table, limited cooking skills and utensils, challenges in setting boundaries and limits for unhealthy behaviors, and access and affordability of healthy foods. The results of the photovoice project provided insight into the unique challenges that Head Start families face and demonstrate the power of a photograph to launch deep discussion and insight into community issues. These results will be utilized to design culturally-relevant interventions with these families.
Objective: Examine teachers’ attitudes about nutrition and determine the impact of nutrition knowledge (NK) & body mass index (BMI) on self-efficacy for teaching nutrition, role modeling & the use of food as a reward. Design: A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate BMI, NK, self-efficacy, food intake & food-related practices of elementary school teachers. Participants: Teachers & school administrators were recruited from a Title 1 public elementary school in the southeast region of the United States. Participants (N¼33) were Hispanic (96%), White (76%) & Female (80%). Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlations & linear regressions were calculated by SPSS v.21.0. Results: The majority of teachers(84%) were overweight/obese with dietary habits significantly predicting BMI(a¼-.64, t¼-3.46, p¼.003). Teachers felt child eating behaviors are a priority issue to address during school(62.5%) & noted the importance of a healthy school food environment(75%), but also showed poor NK(66%14.69 correct) & low self-efficacy for teaching nutrition(50.5710.15). In addition, teachers’ BMI was negatively associated with self-efficacy for teaching nutrition(a¼-.45, t¼-2.06, p¼.055). Finally, teaching higher grade levels significantly predicted decreased nutritionrelated role modeling(a¼-.64, t¼-3.32, p¼.004). Discussion: Knowledge & self-efficacy for teaching nutrition was low among the elementary school teachers examined. High BMI indicated low self-efficacy for teaching nutrition & teaching higher grade levels was negatively correlated with food role modeling. These results present an opportunity for developing targeted interventions.
Funding Disclosure: Miami University Office of the Advancement of Research and Scholarship
Funding Disclosure: This material is based upon work that is supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under award number 2015-69001-23241
Weight-related Cognitions and Behaviors Differ by Mothers’ Weight Status
The Chinese Body, Mind and Soul program: A Model to Combat Obesity in the San Francisco Chinese Community
Author(s): J. McKinley, J. Martin-Biggers, E. Gager, C. Byrd-Bredbenner; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Learning Outcome: To describe how weight-related cognitions and behaviors of mothers of young children differ by maternal weight status. Mothers completed an online survey assessing weight-related cognitions and behaviors. Independent t-tests comparing 95 healthy weight mothers (HWM, BMI<25) with 89 overweight mothers (OWM, BMI25) revealed HWM were significantly (P<.05) more food secure (3.620.72SD vs 3.170.95, 4-point scale) and had better health (4.050.84 vs 3.160.88, 5-point scale) than OWM. Families of HWMs and OWMs had similar numbers of family meals/ week (13.544.86 vs 13.205.01), but HWMs’ families ate significantly fewer meals/week in front of the TV (1.121.74 vs 2.012.42). Using 5-point scales, OWMs were significantly more disinhibited (2.090.81 vs 1.800.76) and emotional (2.31.98 vs 1.96.82) eaters than HWMs. HWM also engaged in significantly more modeling of healthy eating behaviors (3.970.67 vs 3.630.75) and had greater self-efficacy for buying healthy foods (4.070.91 vs 3.661.10) and avoiding weight gain (3.581.09 vs 3.001.21) than OWM. HWM consumed fewer percent calories from fat/day (34.075.26 vs 36.156.02) and fewer sugar-sweetened beverages calories/day (39.3079.28 vs 84.57119.89) than OWM. HWM also slept more hours/day (7.280.93 vs 6.801.26) and had better sleep quality (3.580.78 vs 3.070.88, 5-point scale) than OWM. Compared to OWM, HWM were more concerned about the time their kids spent watching TV (4.630.76 vs 4.340.96, 5-point scale). Overall, HWM displayed healthier weight-related cognitions and behaviors than OWM, but also demonstrated areas in need of improvement. Findings can assist nutrition professionals in identifying where education efforts should be focused to help mothers make environment and lifestyle changes to improve family health. Funding Disclosure: USDA NIFA #2011-68001-30170 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Foundation Ann Hertzler Research Grant
A-36
JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
Author(s): C. Wong, A. Tam; Chinatown Public Health Center, San Francisco Department of Public Health Learning Outcome: Participants will learn the three pillars of the Chinese Body, Mind & Soul program, and name three activities and name three skills that the participants will learn. The Chinese Body, Mind & Soul is a bilingual nutrition and physical activity program for low income Chinese. It is based on a national education program of the National Cancer Institute called the Body and Soul program. This program empowers church members to improve their nutritional and physical well-being in order to reduce the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases. It includes 3 pillars: committed church pastors, church activities and a church environment that promote healthy eating and active living. Guided by the spectrum of prevention model, program activities include nutrition and physical activity workshops, in-service trainings, Healthy Sunday sermons, fellowship outreach, exhibits, coalition building, media outreach, and organization-wide policy setting. A 5-week nutrition workshop series was conducted in 2015. Workshop comprised of lectures, interactive games, goal setting and food tasting. Topics included: balanced meal plan, MyPlate, food labels, low-fat low-sugar eating, portion control, rethink your drink, screen time, physical activity and healthy cooking. Program impact included: 20% increase in clients who avoid drinking sweetened drinks, 22% increase in clients who eat 5 cups or more fruits and vegetables per day and 24% increase in clients who read food labels. Positive behavioral and church environment changes were made by 5 partnering churches. Success stories include weight loss, controlled diabetes and hypertension, and changes in eating and physical activity habits. A manual on the implementation of this program was developed. The Chinese Body, Mind & Soul program has reached over 1000 Chinese in the past two years. Funding Disclosure: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education Funding
September 2016 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 116 Number 9