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Vacuum cooling plant
V a c u u m news
scale. Hand-held override control allows "at chamber" adjustments to programmed source power inputs in rise, soak and rate control modes during deposition. Instant display recall of all programmed data and entry of new data can be made at any time, even during deposition. Actual and desired time, per cent of source power, as well as film thickness are continually displayed during each step of deposition. Other facilities include pushbutton entry of source density and sensor-to-substrate tooling factors, and pushbuttons automatic rezero of thickness and crystal life indications. Output connections are provided for analogue recording and remote Start/Stop, and digital input and output connections for all functions making it adaptable to standard tape, card or computer operation.
Sloan Technology Corporation Circle number 31 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Automated planetary evalmrator Palo Alto, Calif--Ultek Division of PerkinElmer has announced the design and availability of a fully automated, contaminantfree Planetary Evaporator System, the Ultek A-RCS-TP System, claimed to attain a highly sophisticated level of the control of variables in coating silicon
provides the highest of film purities. The automatic evaporators provides instant rezeroing with the ability to measure film thicknesses to a few angstroms. Spitting and other normally undetected effects are observed by a digital deposition monitor that records every 100 msec. Other features include a fully automatic, oil-free rapid cycle system, turbomoleculat roughing, variable speed planetary fixture, deposition programmer, digital ion gauge, and a 10 k W electron beam gun. Ultek Division of Perkin-Elmer Circle number 32 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Sputtering system and substrates Materials Research Co Ltd have developed the System 90 sputtering unit which can sequentially rf bias sputter three pallets of substrate material with substrate heating, under any of up to three targets, at an externally variable anode to cathode distance, easily and quickly, without venting to atmosphere. The System 90 is suitable for use as a large capacity pilot production facility. 'Superstrates' are a very fine grained high alumina substrate developed specifically for thin film work. The fine grain size
The new A - R C S - T P contaminant-free planetary evaporator system provides instant rezeroing and measures thicknesses to a few angstroms.
wafers. The start button activates an automatic pump down to the desired pressure and initiates source preconditioning. Closed loop evaporation to precise film thickness follows with a closely controlled deposition rate. The new system has the ability to establish full deposition rate prior to shutter opening which, in turn, 420
gives a very smooth as-fired surface finish, good film adhesion, and uniform and reproducible film properties. The material is resistant to chipping and fracture, but can be diamond scribed and snapped to the required dimensions. Applications include tantalum and nickel/chromium passive thin films, and micro-strip circuits. These pro-
M R C ' s System 90 sputtering unit
ducts will be on public view at Inter/ Nepcon 1971.
Materials Research Co. Ltd Circle number 33 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Vacuum furnace Wentgate Engineering Company of St Ires, Hunts, announce an addition to their range of vacuum furnaces for the heat treatment of tool steels. Operating at medium vacuum to prevent evaporation of constituents such as chromium, they are ready for use within seconds of switching on. N o complex beat-up procedure as with salt baths is needed, and the furnace can be shut down completely whenever necessary. The heating is done under vacuum, so that no oxidation or de-carburization can take place, and the close temperature control of the Wentgate 'Ditemp' proportional programmer ensures a minimum distortion and close conformity to heat treatment specifications. Operation is entirely programmable and automatic and the furnaces can run unattended for complete cycles. A new design of high duty fan and heat exchanger is used for the quench sequence, and cooling rates of 150°C per minute between 1000°C and 600°C are anticipated. Thus the complete heating and quenching cycle can be carried out in the furnace and the programmer is able to take care of any necessary secondary hardening at lower temperatures by simply "resetting" the furnace. These furnaces consume power only when actually in operation and are of the cold wall, water-cooled type so that they can be placed in the toolroom without any special precautions such as fume or heat extraction being necessary.
Wentgate Engineering Ltd Circle number 34 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Vaeanm cooling plant The technique of using vacuum cooling to pre-cool vegetables as soon as they are picked has so far been used only on a small
Vacuum news
scale in the UK. Pennwalt Limited now offer a vacuum plant specifically for cooling vegetables at the picking site. The Stokes Vacuum Cooling equipment is made in units which are small enough to be mounted on a trailer and towed to the picking site. This means that vegetables never need be exposed to the damage or deterioration which can result, immediately after picking, from rough handling or adverse weather conditions. In field tests, Pennwalt have found that the vegetables most suited to pre-cooling by vacuum cooling is the lettuce. However, spinach, asparagus, parsley, cabbage, brussel sprouts, celery, green beans, cauliflower, strawberries, and cut flowers are all suitable for treatment with the process. Vacuum cooling has the advantages of speed, taking only 20 to 30 minutes to cool lettuce from +25°C to + I ° C to 2°C; even cooling throughout the load in the cooling chamber; and even cooling throughout each individual vegetable. The range types and sizes of vacuum cooling equipment is considerable, so that each plant can be made to suit the local circumstances, such as seasonal variations in crop production and market demand, and different methods of packaging and transportation. The minimum practical size for a vacuum cooling plant was shown by the field tests to be a plant with a capacity of 0.5 tons of lettuce per hour. The upper size limit of a mobile plant depends only on the types of road it must use, and static plants can be of almost any size desired. Two types of vacuum equipment are available, namely, steam ejectors or mechanical pumps with refrigerated condensers. Pennwalt Ltd Circle number 35 on Reader Enquif~ Service
Pennwalt's vacuum cooling plant
Commercial
news
Preservation plant for Canterbury On 16th June a 25 ft long Celcure cylinder for the preservative treatment of timber was delivered to W J Payne Ltd of Canterbury. This vacuum-pressure impregnation plant is of the latest, fully automatic type, cap-
card
able of treating up to 3 cubic metres of timber at one time. The automatic control panel has been designed by ASEA (GB) Ltd in conjunction with the W o o d Preserving Division of Rentokil, to enable maximum output of the machine coupled with minimum supervision. Overnight and lunch time treatment is now possible, releasing operatives for other duties. Using Celcure " A " preservative salts the
Marshall furnaces Marshall Furnaces are now available from the Vacuum Division of Varian Associates. A wide variety of high temperature furnaces including base-metal and noblemetal tubular furnaces, split tube furnaces, cold-wall and hot-wall vacuum furnaces are standard items. Custom designs for specific applications are also offered, as well as on-off, time, and current proportioning temperature controllers. These furnaces can be used in almost any application where precise temperature control is required, such as tensile and creep testing, high temperature materials testing, and crystal growth. A shunt panel arrangement on standard furnaces makes it possible to adjust temperature profiles. A chromeplated shell enclosure ensures optimum durability. Marshall Furnaces were formerly manufactured by the Vacuum Equipment Division of Norton Company, an operation recently acquired by Varian Associates. Varian Associates Circle number 36 on Reader Enquiry Service card
,4SEA's preservation plant 421¸
scale. Hand-held override control allows "at chamber" adjustments to programmed source power inputs in rise, soak and rate control modes during deposition. Instant display recall of all programmed data and entry of new data can be made at any time, even during deposition. Actual and desired time, per cent of source power, as well as film thickness are continually displayed during each step of deposition. Other facilities include pushbutton entry of source density and sensor-to-substrate tooling factors, and pushbuttons automatic rezero of thickness and crystal life indications. Output connections are provided for analogue recording and remote Start/Stop, and digital input and output connections for all functions making it adaptable to standard tape, card or computer operation.
Sloan Technology Corporation Circle number 31 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Automated planetary evalmrator Palo Alto, Calif--Ultek Division of PerkinElmer has announced the design and availability of a fully automated, contaminantfree Planetary Evaporator System, the Ultek A-RCS-TP System, claimed to attain a highly sophisticated level of the control of variables in coating silicon
provides the highest of film purities. The automatic evaporators provides instant rezeroing with the ability to measure film thicknesses to a few angstroms. Spitting and other normally undetected effects are observed by a digital deposition monitor that records every 100 msec. Other features include a fully automatic, oil-free rapid cycle system, turbomoleculat roughing, variable speed planetary fixture, deposition programmer, digital ion gauge, and a 10 k W electron beam gun. Ultek Division of Perkin-Elmer Circle number 32 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Sputtering system and substrates Materials Research Co Ltd have developed the System 90 sputtering unit which can sequentially rf bias sputter three pallets of substrate material with substrate heating, under any of up to three targets, at an externally variable anode to cathode distance, easily and quickly, without venting to atmosphere. The System 90 is suitable for use as a large capacity pilot production facility. 'Superstrates' are a very fine grained high alumina substrate developed specifically for thin film work. The fine grain size
The new A - R C S - T P contaminant-free planetary evaporator system provides instant rezeroing and measures thicknesses to a few angstroms.
wafers. The start button activates an automatic pump down to the desired pressure and initiates source preconditioning. Closed loop evaporation to precise film thickness follows with a closely controlled deposition rate. The new system has the ability to establish full deposition rate prior to shutter opening which, in turn, 420
gives a very smooth as-fired surface finish, good film adhesion, and uniform and reproducible film properties. The material is resistant to chipping and fracture, but can be diamond scribed and snapped to the required dimensions. Applications include tantalum and nickel/chromium passive thin films, and micro-strip circuits. These pro-
M R C ' s System 90 sputtering unit
ducts will be on public view at Inter/ Nepcon 1971.
Materials Research Co. Ltd Circle number 33 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Vacuum furnace Wentgate Engineering Company of St Ires, Hunts, announce an addition to their range of vacuum furnaces for the heat treatment of tool steels. Operating at medium vacuum to prevent evaporation of constituents such as chromium, they are ready for use within seconds of switching on. N o complex beat-up procedure as with salt baths is needed, and the furnace can be shut down completely whenever necessary. The heating is done under vacuum, so that no oxidation or de-carburization can take place, and the close temperature control of the Wentgate 'Ditemp' proportional programmer ensures a minimum distortion and close conformity to heat treatment specifications. Operation is entirely programmable and automatic and the furnaces can run unattended for complete cycles. A new design of high duty fan and heat exchanger is used for the quench sequence, and cooling rates of 150°C per minute between 1000°C and 600°C are anticipated. Thus the complete heating and quenching cycle can be carried out in the furnace and the programmer is able to take care of any necessary secondary hardening at lower temperatures by simply "resetting" the furnace. These furnaces consume power only when actually in operation and are of the cold wall, water-cooled type so that they can be placed in the toolroom without any special precautions such as fume or heat extraction being necessary.
Wentgate Engineering Ltd Circle number 34 on Reader Enquiry Service card
Vaeanm cooling plant The technique of using vacuum cooling to pre-cool vegetables as soon as they are picked has so far been used only on a small
Vacuum news
scale in the UK. Pennwalt Limited now offer a vacuum plant specifically for cooling vegetables at the picking site. The Stokes Vacuum Cooling equipment is made in units which are small enough to be mounted on a trailer and towed to the picking site. This means that vegetables never need be exposed to the damage or deterioration which can result, immediately after picking, from rough handling or adverse weather conditions. In field tests, Pennwalt have found that the vegetables most suited to pre-cooling by vacuum cooling is the lettuce. However, spinach, asparagus, parsley, cabbage, brussel sprouts, celery, green beans, cauliflower, strawberries, and cut flowers are all suitable for treatment with the process. Vacuum cooling has the advantages of speed, taking only 20 to 30 minutes to cool lettuce from +25°C to + I ° C to 2°C; even cooling throughout the load in the cooling chamber; and even cooling throughout each individual vegetable. The range types and sizes of vacuum cooling equipment is considerable, so that each plant can be made to suit the local circumstances, such as seasonal variations in crop production and market demand, and different methods of packaging and transportation. The minimum practical size for a vacuum cooling plant was shown by the field tests to be a plant with a capacity of 0.5 tons of lettuce per hour. The upper size limit of a mobile plant depends only on the types of road it must use, and static plants can be of almost any size desired. Two types of vacuum equipment are available, namely, steam ejectors or mechanical pumps with refrigerated condensers. Pennwalt Ltd Circle number 35 on Reader Enquif~ Service
Pennwalt's vacuum cooling plant
Commercial
news
Preservation plant for Canterbury On 16th June a 25 ft long Celcure cylinder for the preservative treatment of timber was delivered to W J Payne Ltd of Canterbury. This vacuum-pressure impregnation plant is of the latest, fully automatic type, cap-
card
able of treating up to 3 cubic metres of timber at one time. The automatic control panel has been designed by ASEA (GB) Ltd in conjunction with the W o o d Preserving Division of Rentokil, to enable maximum output of the machine coupled with minimum supervision. Overnight and lunch time treatment is now possible, releasing operatives for other duties. Using Celcure " A " preservative salts the
Marshall furnaces Marshall Furnaces are now available from the Vacuum Division of Varian Associates. A wide variety of high temperature furnaces including base-metal and noblemetal tubular furnaces, split tube furnaces, cold-wall and hot-wall vacuum furnaces are standard items. Custom designs for specific applications are also offered, as well as on-off, time, and current proportioning temperature controllers. These furnaces can be used in almost any application where precise temperature control is required, such as tensile and creep testing, high temperature materials testing, and crystal growth. A shunt panel arrangement on standard furnaces makes it possible to adjust temperature profiles. A chromeplated shell enclosure ensures optimum durability. Marshall Furnaces were formerly manufactured by the Vacuum Equipment Division of Norton Company, an operation recently acquired by Varian Associates. Varian Associates Circle number 36 on Reader Enquiry Service card
,4SEA's preservation plant 421¸