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Validation of a salt intake questionnaire by urinary electrolyte excretion
436
ABSTRACTS: HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL
A-40 Validation
of a Salt Intake
Questionnaire
by Urinary
Electrolyte
Excretion.
L. LEIGHTON HILL,
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; CORINNE M. MONTANDON; LYNNE SCOTT; G. STEVEN HAMMOND; MICHAEL P. TRISTAN; PAUL E. BAER. A questionnaire was developed to assess individual differences in NaCl intake. It consists of a list of foods of varying salt intake (part 1) for which subjects are asked to indicate frequency of usage. This salty food list was item analyzed and subjected to a scoring system which included an estimation of average size portions, sodium content in average portions, and an additional factor for indicated frequency of use. From this, a total score for the 31 items was derived. Part 2 of the questionnaire asks questions as to addition of salt in cooking, addition to table-served food, salt intake by itself, and a self-rating of salt intake, all of which were scored according to frequency from 0 (never or almost never) to 5 (always). Twenty-two persons completed the questionnaire twice, approximately 1 month apart, to assess test-retest reliability which was found to be very satisfactory (r = 0.92 and 0.86 for two parts). Forty-nine persons who completed the questionnaire also collected one or more 24-hr urines. Urines were analyzed for sodium, potassium, and creatinine and Na/K ratios were calculated. Sodium excretion varied from 0.62 to 4.62 mEq/kg/24 hr. Potassium excretion varied from 0.26 to 2.07 mEq/kg/24 hr. Sixteen persons contributed a second 24-hr urine so that sample-to-sample reliability for sodium and potassium excretion could be assessed (rNa,,Nal 24-hr urine = 0.500; rNalK,,NalK224-hr urine = 0.620). Multiple regression analysis was performed using the scores on the salt questionnaire and the sodium and potassium excretion data. The scoring on the salt questionnaire was not very predictive of sodium excretion. However, a significant but negative correlation was seen between the questionnaire score and 24-hr potassium excretion. Even more significant correlation (P = ~0.01) was noted when urinary 24-hr Na!K ratios were analyzed with multiple regression on the salt questionnaire scores and this was further improved when the average of two urine samples was used (N = 16, multiple R for 24-hr Na/K = 0.94).
A-41 Process of Collaborative Program Planning for Education of Nurses about Their Role in High Blood Pressure Control. MARTHA N. HILL, University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Hypertension Outreach Program, 34th & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19143; CHERYL BOYER; ROBERTA L. KRISHOCK.
To meet the objective of the American Nurses Association and the American Heart Association (AHA) to promote the expanded rale of the nurse in high blood pressure control (HBPC), the Pennsylvania Nurses Association (PNA), the AHA, Pennsylvania Affiliate (AHA-PA.), and the Pennsylvania Department of Health cosponsored three statewide programs. The purpose was to stimulate a selected group of nurses to assume an active role as catalysts and resource persons for local program planning. A learning needs assessment of the 104 attending was conducted to identify the projected goals for future programming. Curriculum modules for a model program, to be used in part or as a whole, were developed by a committee and widely circulated to facilitate local program planning. In 1979- 1980, 18 seminars will be cosponsored with local institutions, agencies, and groups with modules adapted for target audiences. The enthusiastic participation reflects the receptiveness of this profession to more active roles in HBPC. Demonstration of impact upon nurses’ knowledge, practice roles, and participation in program planning will be evaluated 1 year after attendance at the seminar. Program planners in other state nurses associations and AHA affiliates are eager to use the Pennsylvania materials. The productivity in Pennsylvania is due to the collaboration of PNA, AHA-PA., and a HBP nurse specialist.
A-42 in an Urban Indian Practice Population. WALTER B. HOLLOW, Seattle Indian Health Board, 1131-14th Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98144; ROXAN L. WILKINS.
Hypertension
ABSTRACTS: HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL
A-40 Validation
of a Salt Intake
Questionnaire
by Urinary
Electrolyte
Excretion.
L. LEIGHTON HILL,
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030; CORINNE M. MONTANDON; LYNNE SCOTT; G. STEVEN HAMMOND; MICHAEL P. TRISTAN; PAUL E. BAER. A questionnaire was developed to assess individual differences in NaCl intake. It consists of a list of foods of varying salt intake (part 1) for which subjects are asked to indicate frequency of usage. This salty food list was item analyzed and subjected to a scoring system which included an estimation of average size portions, sodium content in average portions, and an additional factor for indicated frequency of use. From this, a total score for the 31 items was derived. Part 2 of the questionnaire asks questions as to addition of salt in cooking, addition to table-served food, salt intake by itself, and a self-rating of salt intake, all of which were scored according to frequency from 0 (never or almost never) to 5 (always). Twenty-two persons completed the questionnaire twice, approximately 1 month apart, to assess test-retest reliability which was found to be very satisfactory (r = 0.92 and 0.86 for two parts). Forty-nine persons who completed the questionnaire also collected one or more 24-hr urines. Urines were analyzed for sodium, potassium, and creatinine and Na/K ratios were calculated. Sodium excretion varied from 0.62 to 4.62 mEq/kg/24 hr. Potassium excretion varied from 0.26 to 2.07 mEq/kg/24 hr. Sixteen persons contributed a second 24-hr urine so that sample-to-sample reliability for sodium and potassium excretion could be assessed (rNa,,Nal 24-hr urine = 0.500; rNalK,,NalK224-hr urine = 0.620). Multiple regression analysis was performed using the scores on the salt questionnaire and the sodium and potassium excretion data. The scoring on the salt questionnaire was not very predictive of sodium excretion. However, a significant but negative correlation was seen between the questionnaire score and 24-hr potassium excretion. Even more significant correlation (P = ~0.01) was noted when urinary 24-hr Na!K ratios were analyzed with multiple regression on the salt questionnaire scores and this was further improved when the average of two urine samples was used (N = 16, multiple R for 24-hr Na/K = 0.94).
A-41 Process of Collaborative Program Planning for Education of Nurses about Their Role in High Blood Pressure Control. MARTHA N. HILL, University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Hypertension Outreach Program, 34th & Spruce Streets, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19143; CHERYL BOYER; ROBERTA L. KRISHOCK.
To meet the objective of the American Nurses Association and the American Heart Association (AHA) to promote the expanded rale of the nurse in high blood pressure control (HBPC), the Pennsylvania Nurses Association (PNA), the AHA, Pennsylvania Affiliate (AHA-PA.), and the Pennsylvania Department of Health cosponsored three statewide programs. The purpose was to stimulate a selected group of nurses to assume an active role as catalysts and resource persons for local program planning. A learning needs assessment of the 104 attending was conducted to identify the projected goals for future programming. Curriculum modules for a model program, to be used in part or as a whole, were developed by a committee and widely circulated to facilitate local program planning. In 1979- 1980, 18 seminars will be cosponsored with local institutions, agencies, and groups with modules adapted for target audiences. The enthusiastic participation reflects the receptiveness of this profession to more active roles in HBPC. Demonstration of impact upon nurses’ knowledge, practice roles, and participation in program planning will be evaluated 1 year after attendance at the seminar. Program planners in other state nurses associations and AHA affiliates are eager to use the Pennsylvania materials. The productivity in Pennsylvania is due to the collaboration of PNA, AHA-PA., and a HBP nurse specialist.
A-42 in an Urban Indian Practice Population. WALTER B. HOLLOW, Seattle Indian Health Board, 1131-14th Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98144; ROXAN L. WILKINS.
Hypertension