Validation of the PAQ-C questionnaire to assess physical activity in Spanish older children

WCPT Congress 2015 / Physiotherapy 2015; Volume 101, Supplement 1 eS833–eS1237

Research Report Poster Presentation Number: RR-PO-22-23-Sun Sunday 3 May 2015 12:15 Exhibit halls 401–403 EFFECTS OF ATTENTIONAL LOADINGS ON AXIAL SEGMENTAL COORDINATION DURING TURNING IN INDIVIDUALS POST-STROKE H. Manaf 1 , M. Justine 1 , H.-T. Goh 2 1 Universiti

Teknologi MARA, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Selangor, Malaysia; 2 University of Malaya, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Background: Turning is a complex movement that requires modifications of gait parameters and reorientation of the body to a new direction. Attentional loadings have detrimental effects on straight walking for individuals poststroke; but its effects on turning while walking remained to be determined. Examination of the interactions between attention and gait would shed light to the understanding of the neural control of adaptive gait in stroke. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare turning kinematics under three attentional loading conditions between individuals post-stroke and healthy controls. We predicted that the stroke survivors would present disrupted turning coordination under the dual-task conditions but not under the single-task condition. Methods: Nine chronic stroke survivors (mean age = 50 ± 8.9 years, months post stroke = 17.9 ± 7.8 months) and 10 healthy controls (mean age = 52.8 ± 5.4 years) participated in this study. Participants performed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test under three attentional loading conditions: single-task (without any secondary task), dual-motor task (holding a glass full of water with the non-affected or matching hand), and dual-cognitive task (a counting backward task). The experiment was conducted using five infra-red cameras (Vicon Motion Systems, Oxford, UK) to record full body kinematic data at a sampling rate of 100 Hz. Yaw rotation onset times of the head, thorax and pelvis segments and head anticipation distance were used to quantify axial segment coordination during turning. In addition, we calculated the time and number of steps to complete the 180◦ turn. Turning performance was compared across the three attentional loadings conditions and across groups. Results: Individuals post-stroke reoriented their body segments much earlier than the controls but they preserved the similar segmental reorientation sequence with the head preceded the thorax and the thorax preceded the pelvis. For healthy controls, attentional loading led to an earlier axial segment reorientation but the reorientation sequence was preserved. In contrast, the dual-cognitive task condition led to a

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disrupted reorientation sequence in individuals post-stroke. In addition, individuals post-stroke required longer time and more steps to finish the TUG test and the 180◦ turn. Conclusion(s): The results indicate that patients with chronic stroke demonstrated altered turning kinematics and were more susceptible to dual-task interference. The loss of segmental sequential order under the dual-task conditions in the stroke group may be a compensation for impaired postural control and might lead to falls. Implications: Turning performance under attentional loadings can provide the physiotherapist with important information about gait disturbances and the risk of falling in addition to straight walking, ascending and descending stairs, and overcoming barriers (e.g., slopes, curbs). Keywords: Falls; Gait; Timed up and go test Funding acknowledgements: Research Acculturation Grant Scheme [Ref. No. 600-RMI/RAGS 5/3 (68/2014)] and, the Research Management Institute (RMI), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Ethics approval: Ethics application was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University Malaya Medical Centre with reference number of 913.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1794 Research Report Poster Presentation Number: RR-PO-16-10-Sun Sunday 3 May 2015 13:00 Exhibit halls 401–403 VALIDATION OF THE PAQ-C QUESTIONNAIRE TO ASSESS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN SPANISH OLDER CHILDREN J.D. Manchola-Gonzalez 1 , C. Bagur-Calafat 1 , M. Girabent-Farrés 1 1 Universitat

Internacional de Catalunya, Physiotherapy, Barcelona, Spain Background: Physical activity and sports at an early stage of life are closely related to child and young people’s health. Specifically designed questionnaires are a useful tool to prove the above. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the PAQ-C questionnaire in Spanish older children (PAQ-C). Methods: A proof translation in Spanish of the physical activity questionnaire for teenager PAQ-A, was used as reference. Reliability of the test–retest questionnaire PAQ-C, was evaluated on 72 children aged between 8 and 14 years. Measurements were taken at three different stages: before the physical education class (M1), 2 hours after the lecture (M2) and one week later (M3). Reliability was calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) while the inner consistency by Cronbach’s ␣ coefficient. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was found to be 0,848 between M1 and M2 with a confidence

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WCPT Congress 2015 / Physiotherapy 2015; Volume 101, Supplement 1 eS833–eS1237

interval higher than 0.7, indicating a good reliability. The results also showed an inner consistency with a Cronbach ␣ of 0,83. Conclusion(s): The physical activity questionnaire PAQC has demonstrates good reliability when evaluating physical activity in Spanish older children. Implications: The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance of the children of the Centre d’Estudis Barcelona Mollet, director and physical education teachers: Rosa Matas Call Toni Cayuela Maestre and Jose Fernandez of Lombardy. Keywords: Questionnaire; Activity physical; Validation; Older children Funding acknowledgements: any Funding acknowledgment. Ethics approval: approved by the Committee of the International University of Catalonia. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1795 Research Report Poster Presentation Number: RR-PO-12-12-Sun Sunday 3 May 2015 13:00 Exhibit halls 401–403 BEHAVIOR CHANGE INTERVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH ABDOMINAL OBESITY R. Mangyo Mejiro University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Saitama, Japan Background: Visceral fat obesity increases the risk of the development of metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle change including exercise and diet is effective for decreasing abdominal obesity. However it is difficult to start and maintain lifestyle change, since obese individuals very often have no subjective symptoms. Purpose: The present study evaluated behavior change intervention for patients with abdominal obesity to decrease their visceral fat volume. Methods: The inclusion criteria for this study included 30 years old or older with a waist circumference of 85 cm or more for male subjects, or 90 cm or more for female subjects. Twenty-two obese subjects were enrolled in the study. The duration of the study was consisting of reinforcement intervention (the first 12 weeks) and follow-up intervention (the last 24 weeks) periods. Subjects were provided with a booklet describing the purpose, methods, and expected effects of lifestyle change. Then, the subjects set one or two target behaviors for exercise and/or eating habits. The investigators advised the subjects to select targets with a high self-efficacy and high (95% or more) expected success rate. Target achievement, body weight, pedometer count, and comments were recorded daily in a self-report form. The records were sent to the investigator by e-mail. The frequency of report submission gradually decreased from weekly during

the reinforcement intervention period to bi-weekly from 13 to 20 weeks, and every 4 weeks from 21 to 36 weeks. The investigators reviewed the records, and an appropriate response was sent to the subjects including appraisal and advice to promote self-reflection. Measurements of the overall physical activity level, the total energy, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Parameters for four time points (0, 12, 24and 36 weeks) were compared using the Friedman test. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The BMI significantly decreased from the baseline to the end of the reinforcement intervention and 24 weeks (p < 0.05); however, the TC significantly increased from the baseline to end of the reinforcement intervention, 24weeks, and end of the follow-up intervention (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the overall physical activity level and total energy intake. Conclusion(s): Motivational interviewing, developed by Miller WR and Rollnick S, attempts to increase the subject’s awareness of the importance of behavior change and self-confidence to start and continue such behavior. In this study, a booklet was given to the subjects in order to increase their awareness. Furthermore, to strengthen self-confidence in behavior change, a target was set at a level where higher self-efficacy were obtained. In the follow-up intervention, the frequency of intervention was decreased to promote autonomy and continuity of behavior change. The BMI decreased with this intervention and the follow-up period. Implications: With the constant increase in the rate of patients with lifestyle-related disease, there are increasing needs for effective exercise intervention for patients with no subjective symptoms. The present findings are important in that they show the possible contribution of physical therapists to preventive medicine. Keywords: Abdominal obesity; Lifestyle change; Behavior change Funding acknowledgements: None. Ethics approval: Ethical approval obtained from Ethical Committee of Mejiro University. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1796