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VEGETABLE ALKALIS.
231
the different branches of natural to was this :—Dr. Conquest had Philosophy. By the unanimous said, that the views, contained in choice of the company Dr. Birk- his ( Dr. Davis’s)} paper on beck took the Chair. The mi- phlegmasia dolens, in the last nutes of the proceedings of the volume of the Transactions of the last Meeting were first read, after z, Society, were not his own. which the President for the ensuDr. Conquest observed, in reing year was ballotted for ; when ply, that he had for some time it was found that the chairman, past, long prior to the publication Dr. 13. was elected to that office. of Dr. Davis’s paper, been in the The council was then chosen, and habit of teaching, in his Lectures, the following are the names of the that phlegmasia dolens depended gentlemen on which the Meeting on an anection of the vessels of fixed: Drs. Shearman. Forster. the part similar to that described Bostock, Roberts ; Messrs. Lake, by Dr. Davis. Here the affair Howard, Daniell, Brey, R. Tay- terminated. lor. The laws on which the For our own part, we think that Rules and Regulations for the Dr. Davis claims too exclusively future management of the Society the merit of having ascertained were to be formed were then read, the pathology of phlegmasia doand it was determined that a Com- lens ; since his paper on that dismittee of six should be appointed ease did not appear till long after for the purpose of revising them, facts, similar to those related by and which should make known the himself, had been published by result of their proceedings at the many French writers. Dr. Davis, next meeting. however, has not taken that enAfter going through the usual larged view of the pathology of business, the Meeting was ad- phlegmasia dolens which the subjourned sine die, as its next meet- ject admits of; and in considering ing must depend on the labours of the remedies to be employed in this disease, has pointe(l out nothe Committee. thing new, nor even done any thing to give precision in the use those already known.
MEDICO-CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY.
of
VEGETABLE ALKALIS. AT the last
of the Me-
Meeting dico-Chirurgical Society in Lincoln’s Inn (Tuesday, Nov. 11),
MORPHIA,
MORPHINE,
or
the
after the regular business had narcotic principle of opium, was been transacted, Dr. Davis, of first obtained pure by M. SerHanover-square, stated, that he tiirner, about the year 1817. The simplest felt himself bound to vindicate his by which reputation from an aspersion it can be extracted i’rom the which had been unjustly cast on appears to be that recomit bv Dr. Conquest, the Lecturer mended by M. Robiquet, which
process
on
Midwifery.
opium,
What he alluded is
as
follows:
"
Three hundred
232
parts of pure opium are to be prisms which-dissolve in twice macerated, during five days, in their weight of distilled water. one thousand parts of common M. Magendie, in his Formulary water. To the filtered solution, for the Preparation and Mode of "
parts of perfectly pure Employing several New Rememagnesia are to be added. Boil dies," &c. just translated by Mr. this mixture for ten minutes, and C. Haden, says, that these salts separate the sediment by a filter, afford all the advantages which we fifteen
washing it with cold water, until can hope to find in opium, without the water passes off clear. After having any of its inconveniences. which, treat it alternately with M. Magendie gives the following hot and cold alcohol, as long as receipt for preparing the syrup of the menstrum takes up any co- morphine:— louring matter. The residue is Take of perfectly clarified syrup, then to be treated with boiling one pound; acetate of morphine alcohol (22. 320 Beaumé) for a four grains, form a syrup. A teafew minutes. The solution, on spoonful is a full dose. cooling, will deposit crystals of EMETINE.—In 1817 a series of morphia. The theory of this process is chemical and physiological exthe following-Opium contains a periments were made by M. Pellemeconiate of morphia. The mag- tier and Magendie, from which it nesia combines with the meconic was ascertained that its emetic acid, and the morphia is displaced. property is owing to a particular Morphia acts with great energy immediate principle, named by Half a M. Pelletier Emetine. ou the animal economy. grain, or even a quarter of a The mode recommended by M. grain, dissolved in oil, taken in- Magendie for obtaining emetine, ternally, produces very marked is the following :-Powder the narcotic effects ; but its power ipecacuanha, and digest it in ether becomes very much increased, at 60 degrees, to dissolve the fatty when the morphia is combined odorous matter. When the powwith an acid, as the salts of mor- der yields nothing more to the phia are more soluble than the ether, exhaust it again by means of morphia itself. The acetate and alcohol-place the alcoholic tinesulphate of morphine are the ture in a warm bath, and redissalts most commonly used. The solve the residue in cold water; acetate is formed, by combining macerate it in calcined magnesia, which means it looses its gallic directly in an evaporating dish, acetic acid and morphine, and acid;redissolve it in alcohol, and letting the mixture slowly eva- evaporate it to dryness. Pure emetine is white, pnlveporate to dryness. The sulphate is obtained, by dissolving the mor- rulent, and unalterable by the air. phine in sulphuric acid, previ- It has no smell, but a bitter acritl ously diluted with water ; the taste: It is soluble in all the acids; solution is then made hot, and and in ether and alcohol-to a afterwards evaporated to dryness. very slight degree in water; isunThe acetate of morphia crystal- cry stallizable. It is precipitated lizes in needles, the sulphate in by protonitrate of mercury and
by
233
in his time new noses were formed with admirable art in the following manner:—The operator dissected the upper skin of the arm with a razor, and then paring off the remaining edges of the nostrils, or if necessary cutting them away, bound the arm to the head, in ord.,r that wound might adhere to wound. After this the wounds NASAL OPERATION. having conglutinated, he took THE first surgeon, who practised from the arm with the knife, as a method of supplying the defi- much as was wanted for the restoration of the nose, which was ciencies of noses, ears, lips, &c. was one Branca, a Sicilian, who accomplished ; for the kindred flourished in the middle of the fif- vessels of the nose nourish the teenth century. Nosorenus places flesh which is newly acquired. Branca at Catanea, and calls him He adds, however, that these a celebrated surgeon, who re- artificial noses badly endured a stored ears, lips, and noses." severe winter; and he recomElysius Calentius, a Neapolitan mends his patients to use them poet of that time, writing to one gently, lest they be torn from the Orsianus, who had lost his nose, trunk. him to come Gabriel Fallopious, who died at strongly recommends to Branca, " a man of great abi- Padua, in the ear 1563, in his lities, who had learned the art of’ tract De Decoratione, alludes to restoring a nose, either by sup- this method of’ restoring noses. plying it from the arm of the Ambrose Paré, whose work was patient, or by infixing upon the printed in 1561, remarks, that part the nose of a slave." He there lived in Italy, some years assures his friend that he had before, a surgeon who restored himself witnessed the operation. lost portions of the nose, by excaand that if he would only come to vating a part out the biceps musNaples, and submit to it, he might cle. of the size renuired for restorgo home again with as much nose ing the nose to its former buili the part excavated into as he pleased. i inserting Vincent Boiani, Bernard his i the vacancy of the nose, and binding the head and arm together in nephew, and some of his were scendants, distinguished at such a manner that neither of Calabria during the sixteenth: them could possibly move. In century, in the art of supplying forty dnys the flesh of the arm was ! detective lips and noses. agglutinated to that of the nose. Alexander Benedictus, a Ve-! The younger son of’ a noble family ronese, who taught medicine at in Itaiv,being weary and ashamed Padua, some time before the yearof a silver nose, applied to this 1495, is the first medical writer surgeon, from whom he returned extant, who since the revival of’ with a nose of flesh, to the surletters, has mentioned this opera- prise and satisfaction of’ all who tion of surgery. He states, that knew him.
corrosive sublimate, but not by Half a grain of emetine acts as a powerful emetic, followed by sleep ; six grains mit violently, and prociuce stupor and death. In such cases the lungs and intestines are inflamed.
tartar emetic.
yo-IB
he
I
I
de-
the different branches of natural to was this :—Dr. Conquest had Philosophy. By the unanimous said, that the views, contained in choice of the company Dr. Birk- his ( Dr. Davis’s)} paper on beck took the Chair. The mi- phlegmasia dolens, in the last nutes of the proceedings of the volume of the Transactions of the last Meeting were first read, after z, Society, were not his own. which the President for the ensuDr. Conquest observed, in reing year was ballotted for ; when ply, that he had for some time it was found that the chairman, past, long prior to the publication Dr. 13. was elected to that office. of Dr. Davis’s paper, been in the The council was then chosen, and habit of teaching, in his Lectures, the following are the names of the that phlegmasia dolens depended gentlemen on which the Meeting on an anection of the vessels of fixed: Drs. Shearman. Forster. the part similar to that described Bostock, Roberts ; Messrs. Lake, by Dr. Davis. Here the affair Howard, Daniell, Brey, R. Tay- terminated. lor. The laws on which the For our own part, we think that Rules and Regulations for the Dr. Davis claims too exclusively future management of the Society the merit of having ascertained were to be formed were then read, the pathology of phlegmasia doand it was determined that a Com- lens ; since his paper on that dismittee of six should be appointed ease did not appear till long after for the purpose of revising them, facts, similar to those related by and which should make known the himself, had been published by result of their proceedings at the many French writers. Dr. Davis, next meeting. however, has not taken that enAfter going through the usual larged view of the pathology of business, the Meeting was ad- phlegmasia dolens which the subjourned sine die, as its next meet- ject admits of; and in considering ing must depend on the labours of the remedies to be employed in this disease, has pointe(l out nothe Committee. thing new, nor even done any thing to give precision in the use those already known.
MEDICO-CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY.
of
VEGETABLE ALKALIS. AT the last
of the Me-
Meeting dico-Chirurgical Society in Lincoln’s Inn (Tuesday, Nov. 11),
MORPHIA,
MORPHINE,
or
the
after the regular business had narcotic principle of opium, was been transacted, Dr. Davis, of first obtained pure by M. SerHanover-square, stated, that he tiirner, about the year 1817. The simplest felt himself bound to vindicate his by which reputation from an aspersion it can be extracted i’rom the which had been unjustly cast on appears to be that recomit bv Dr. Conquest, the Lecturer mended by M. Robiquet, which
process
on
Midwifery.
opium,
What he alluded is
as
follows:
"
Three hundred
232
parts of pure opium are to be prisms which-dissolve in twice macerated, during five days, in their weight of distilled water. one thousand parts of common M. Magendie, in his Formulary water. To the filtered solution, for the Preparation and Mode of "
parts of perfectly pure Employing several New Rememagnesia are to be added. Boil dies," &c. just translated by Mr. this mixture for ten minutes, and C. Haden, says, that these salts separate the sediment by a filter, afford all the advantages which we fifteen
washing it with cold water, until can hope to find in opium, without the water passes off clear. After having any of its inconveniences. which, treat it alternately with M. Magendie gives the following hot and cold alcohol, as long as receipt for preparing the syrup of the menstrum takes up any co- morphine:— louring matter. The residue is Take of perfectly clarified syrup, then to be treated with boiling one pound; acetate of morphine alcohol (22. 320 Beaumé) for a four grains, form a syrup. A teafew minutes. The solution, on spoonful is a full dose. cooling, will deposit crystals of EMETINE.—In 1817 a series of morphia. The theory of this process is chemical and physiological exthe following-Opium contains a periments were made by M. Pellemeconiate of morphia. The mag- tier and Magendie, from which it nesia combines with the meconic was ascertained that its emetic acid, and the morphia is displaced. property is owing to a particular Morphia acts with great energy immediate principle, named by Half a M. Pelletier Emetine. ou the animal economy. grain, or even a quarter of a The mode recommended by M. grain, dissolved in oil, taken in- Magendie for obtaining emetine, ternally, produces very marked is the following :-Powder the narcotic effects ; but its power ipecacuanha, and digest it in ether becomes very much increased, at 60 degrees, to dissolve the fatty when the morphia is combined odorous matter. When the powwith an acid, as the salts of mor- der yields nothing more to the phia are more soluble than the ether, exhaust it again by means of morphia itself. The acetate and alcohol-place the alcoholic tinesulphate of morphine are the ture in a warm bath, and redissalts most commonly used. The solve the residue in cold water; acetate is formed, by combining macerate it in calcined magnesia, which means it looses its gallic directly in an evaporating dish, acetic acid and morphine, and acid;redissolve it in alcohol, and letting the mixture slowly eva- evaporate it to dryness. Pure emetine is white, pnlveporate to dryness. The sulphate is obtained, by dissolving the mor- rulent, and unalterable by the air. phine in sulphuric acid, previ- It has no smell, but a bitter acritl ously diluted with water ; the taste: It is soluble in all the acids; solution is then made hot, and and in ether and alcohol-to a afterwards evaporated to dryness. very slight degree in water; isunThe acetate of morphia crystal- cry stallizable. It is precipitated lizes in needles, the sulphate in by protonitrate of mercury and
by
233
in his time new noses were formed with admirable art in the following manner:—The operator dissected the upper skin of the arm with a razor, and then paring off the remaining edges of the nostrils, or if necessary cutting them away, bound the arm to the head, in ord.,r that wound might adhere to wound. After this the wounds NASAL OPERATION. having conglutinated, he took THE first surgeon, who practised from the arm with the knife, as a method of supplying the defi- much as was wanted for the restoration of the nose, which was ciencies of noses, ears, lips, &c. was one Branca, a Sicilian, who accomplished ; for the kindred flourished in the middle of the fif- vessels of the nose nourish the teenth century. Nosorenus places flesh which is newly acquired. Branca at Catanea, and calls him He adds, however, that these a celebrated surgeon, who re- artificial noses badly endured a stored ears, lips, and noses." severe winter; and he recomElysius Calentius, a Neapolitan mends his patients to use them poet of that time, writing to one gently, lest they be torn from the Orsianus, who had lost his nose, trunk. him to come Gabriel Fallopious, who died at strongly recommends to Branca, " a man of great abi- Padua, in the ear 1563, in his lities, who had learned the art of’ tract De Decoratione, alludes to restoring a nose, either by sup- this method of’ restoring noses. plying it from the arm of the Ambrose Paré, whose work was patient, or by infixing upon the printed in 1561, remarks, that part the nose of a slave." He there lived in Italy, some years assures his friend that he had before, a surgeon who restored himself witnessed the operation. lost portions of the nose, by excaand that if he would only come to vating a part out the biceps musNaples, and submit to it, he might cle. of the size renuired for restorgo home again with as much nose ing the nose to its former buili the part excavated into as he pleased. i inserting Vincent Boiani, Bernard his i the vacancy of the nose, and binding the head and arm together in nephew, and some of his were scendants, distinguished at such a manner that neither of Calabria during the sixteenth: them could possibly move. In century, in the art of supplying forty dnys the flesh of the arm was ! detective lips and noses. agglutinated to that of the nose. Alexander Benedictus, a Ve-! The younger son of’ a noble family ronese, who taught medicine at in Itaiv,being weary and ashamed Padua, some time before the yearof a silver nose, applied to this 1495, is the first medical writer surgeon, from whom he returned extant, who since the revival of’ with a nose of flesh, to the surletters, has mentioned this opera- prise and satisfaction of’ all who tion of surgery. He states, that knew him.
corrosive sublimate, but not by Half a grain of emetine acts as a powerful emetic, followed by sleep ; six grains mit violently, and prociuce stupor and death. In such cases the lungs and intestines are inflamed.
tartar emetic.
yo-IB
he
I
I
de-