VIENNA.

PARIS.-VIENNA. Dublin, for the purpose of formally transferring the P. F. Collier Memorial Dispensary for the Prevention of Tuberculosis from the Countess of Aberdeen to the Lord Mayor and the Corporation of Dublin. The dispensary was opened in July, 1911. The terms on which it has been taken by the corporation have not been made public, nor is it known on what lines it is intended to carry on its work. The Belfast Workhouse Hospitals and Medical Students. The Belfast Medical Students’ Association has applied to the infirmary committee for a number of senior medical students to be admitted as resident pupils in the workhouse hospitals. The medical staff of the union hospitals have given their full approval to this application. It has been decided by the infirmary committee to recommend the. board of guardians to refer the matter to the Local Government Board. Dec. 17th. ________________

(FROM

OUR

PARIS. OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

The Provision of Bathsfor Paris. council has referred to the Sixth Commission and to the Administration the following propositions : 1. The installation of bathing facilities (baths and douches) in the quarter of the Charonne, upon ground belonging to the city and situated in the Rue de Buzenval. 2. Out of the loan for water-supply and cleansing purposes there shall be reserved a sum of 10,000,000 francs for the construction of municipal baths and shower baths (bainsdouches), as well as for the provision of bathing facilities in all the schools or school groups of the city of Paris. The Administration, with the Sixth Commission, will bring forward a complete plan to satisfy the people of Paris. THE Paris

municipal

Intravenous Injections of Salvarsan in Sydenham’s Chorea. On Dec. 10th, at the Academy of Medicine, M. Pierre Marie and M. Charles Chatelin reported their results in 25 cases of young persons between the ages of 8 and 19 years affected with Sydenham’s chorea. They observed the rapid disappearance of abnormal movements after three or four intravenous injections of salvarsan in doses of from 20 to 60 centigrammes, repeated at weekly intervals. The disappearance of the movements was always accompanied by a noticeable improvement in the general health. They consider the treatment, therefore, that of choice in this condition. Having regard to the relations supposed by certain authors to exist between syphilis and chorea, they sought evidence of the former disease in eight cases with the Wassermann test, but without confirmatory results. Consequently they do not regard syphilis as the cause in these cases, but attribute the favourable action of the salvarsan to its eutrophic influence on the general nutrition, either direct or due to an antiparasitic action of the drug on some pathogenic, at present little known, micro-organism of Sydenham’s chorea, which is the probable cause of the

disease.

-Radiotherapy and Exophthalinic

Goitre.

at the Société Medicale and that of M. Folley, a woman who had formerly suffered from Basedow’s disease (goitre, exophthalmos, trembling, palpitations), but who had been cured more than a year ago by radiotherapy. Cure, or at least considerable improvement, ’had been obtained under the same treatment in half a score of other cases, on which account he claimed radiotherapy as the method of choice in this disease. The technique, he said, was now so perfected that neither dermatitis nor cutaneous pigmentation need be feared. M. Triboulet added his testimony as to the good effects of radiotherapy in simple goitre.

M. Crouzon showed, des Hopitaux, in his

on

Dec.

own

6th,

name

The Isolation of Tuberculou,s Patients in Hospital. some weeks the Academy of Medicine has been engaged in a discussion on the Compulsory Notification of Tuberculosis. The discussion is due to the fact that in April last M. Reinach, a deputy, as president of the Parliamentary group for defence against tuberculosis, invoked the assistM. Letulle opened the discussion ance of the Academy. with a detailed report, and urged notification when the For

1755

disease reached the open

stage.

At the

iollowing meeting

M. Albert Robin thought that the Academy should not class tuberculosis among compulsorily notifiable diseases because of the difficulties with which such a course bristled. Notification, he said, was only one factor in the defence against tuberculosis. M. Regnier thought that notification would be more prejudicial than beneficial to the patients, and he declared that, in his opinion, the medical man has no right to sacrifice the interests of his patients for those of the community. He called on the Academy to insist on measures for disinfecting dwellings before occupation by a new tenant, on disinfection after death on the mere order of the medical officer of health, and on a law regulating public-houses and the sale of alcohol. M. Gaucher considered notification impracticable, and that if a vote were taken on the subject no one would support it, and he urged the modification of the soil by making war on unhealthy dwellings and on alcoholism. M. Cajutan declared that millions on millions would be necessarv to render effective aid to the tuberculous poor, and that there existed, moreover, a class of tuberculous people who were entirely ignorant of their disease, and considered themselves the subjects of a catarrh which was an indication of long life. These patients took no precautions, and one would remain defenceless against them. Finally, Professor Widal introduced into the discussion a new note having a really practical bearing. He asked that in the localities where compulsory notification of tuberculosis already existed, and where isolation of the patient and the protection of the neighbours were both more necessary and more easy of accomplishment, that is to say, in the hospitals, a beginning should be made by realising these conditions. At present, he said, the presence in hospital wards of tuberculous patients with open lesions, who were infectious in consequence of their expectoration, constituted a source of dissemination of the disease to those in the neighbouring beds, which had long been recognised and deplored by the physicians. If, in the old hospitals that dated from a period when our knowledge of the part played by contagion was inadequate, space did not readily lend itself to the necessary isolation, at least as regarded every new hospital the Academy ought to urge the provision of a special pavilion for these patients in a building having its own garden, promenade, matériel, and personnel entirely separate. By this means a beginning of useful work would be made by limiting the extension of tuberculosis in that part of the population which furnished the greatest share of victims, and among which the conditions of isolation and prophylaxis necessary for the benefit of the rest of the population were the most difficult to bring about. Dec. l6th. _______________

VIENNA. (FROM

OUR OWN

CORRESPONDENT.)

Opening of a Nen Hospital. THE Vienna charitable institutions have received a small but welcome addition by the opening of the hospital of the Mariahilfer Ambulatorium, which hitherto has been only an out-patient dispensary. The new hospital has been built in accordance with the most recent ideas ; it will accommodate 40 patients, and care is taken to let them have as near an approach to home comforts as is compatible with hospital work. As the ambulatorium provides facilities for nearly all the specialist branches of medicine, and all these departments will be able to admit in-patients, a careful selection of the patients will have to be made, a circumstance which will tend to the advantage of scientific medicine. Furthermore, the daily cost of the patients in this hospital will be more than twice that of other hospitals, so that this institution will gradually develop, it is hoped, into a "sanatorium" for the middle-classes, who cannot afford to pay the heavy expenses of our ordinary sanatoriums or surgical homes, but are not poor enough for admission to a public b spital. Hitherto this class of the population has been rather badly off in this respect, and frequently they were lost to the general practitioner, for in the long run they finally went to a public hospital. The new hospital is therefore, perhaps, an innovation which may have far-reaching effects. The

1756

VIENNA.

ambulatorium itself will, of course, not be affected in its ’, disease were adopted at once, but the sanitary authorities of work by the new hospital. the district are, nevertheless, rather anxious. As the whole I Tuberculosis in School Children. I party of fugitives came from Salonika on board of one vessel their habits and customs make it almost certain that The Vienna Society for School Hygiene has recently many of them have become infected and that an epidemic organised a special convention for the purpose of studying will soon declare itself amongst them. The general condithe occurrence of tuberculosis in school children. A large tion of the immigrants is bad, their health being impaired number of eminent pathologists, teachers, and philanthe combined effect of hunger and anxiety. The Austrian thropists took part in the proceedings, and several interesting by authorities, therefore, feel themselves compelled to, sanitary and instructive papers have been read. In one of the papers be on the alert. Professor Pirquet discussed the manifestations and probable

I,

Dec. 16th.

future course of early tuberculosis, as found in children of school age, and pointed out the necessity for early THE death took place on Dec. 10th at his recognition and systematic treatment of every case. In another paper the excellent results obtained by the "Rollier" residence, 31, West Hill, Wandsworth, of Alfred Aldam method of open-air treatment at high altitudes, especially Bartholomew, L. R. C. P. & S. Edin., L. D. S. R. C. S. Edin., at in surgical tuberculosis of the joints, were described. The the age of 52 years. A student of Edinburgh and Guy’s, Mr. dangers to which apprentices and other young persons Bartholomew for some years practised in Bermondsey, but in engaged in factories and commercial work are exposed 1896 he gave up medicine and confined himself to dental were the subject of a paper read by the inspector of surgery. From that time to the date of his death he carried industrial schools. The growing demands upon their time, on an important dental practice in Wandsworth. as illustrated by the fact that they had hardly any leisure for DONATIONS AND BEQUESTS.—Mr. Robert Johnoutdoor exercise, were also detrimental to a sufficient inflation F.R.C.S.I., has left by will £ 5000 to the Montgomery, of their lungs. Their classes were mostly in the evening, and the air in the schoolrooms, chiefly in autumn and Board of Dublin University and the Royal College of Ireland, for a " Mary Louisa Montgomery Lecturewinter, was already bad when they entered it, so many I’ Surgeons, children having used it during the daytime. The im- ship " in ophthalmology, to be held alternately by these for a period of five years, the lectureship for the portance of sound teeth as a condition contributing to boards first five years after his death being held by Dublin Unigood general health was illustrated by Dr. Wolf, the late Mrs. Eliza Smith, of Brighton, hasversity.-The of the for Care of the of the Teeth Society general secretary £ 3000 to the Sussex County Hospital; £ 1000 to. bequeathed School Children. He said that carious teeth, with the resultthe Alexandra Hospital for Children for founding the David of the and masticacondition mouth, imperfect ing septic tion, were frequently responsible for the germs of disease, Smith Cot or Cots " ; and £ 1000 to the London Hospital.especially Koch’s bacilli, gaining access to the lymphatics, The late Mrs. Anne Wright Tate, of Ryde, has left £ 1000 the tonsils, and the glands of the upper respiratory or to the Royal Isle of Wight County Hospital.-By the will of alimentary tract. No other definite and proved methods of the late Mrs. Mary Ann Batchellor King Edward’s Hospital transmission of tuberculosis in schools are known at Fund for London will receive £ 6000, and the London Hospital, Whitechapel, £ 500. £ 1000 has also been left on present except the one by the ejection of droplets of tuber- trust for one life, with remainder to the London Hospital.culous expectoration. The danger of infection of healthy children by tuberculous classmates is not so great as might The late Sir William Dunn, of Paisley, has bequeathed 2000 have been expected, but the sanitary conditions in schools to the Incurable Homes at Meikleriggs, Paisley, and £ 1000 each to the Mission of the Deaf and Dumb, the Eye Infirmary, are not usually altogether beneficial for the general health of pupils, and more attention ought to be given to outdoor and the Paisley Convalescent Homes at West Kilbride.The late Mr. Henry Jacobs, of Newton Abbot, has bequeathed exercise. £ 500 each to the Brixham Cottage Hospital, Newton Abbot Radium Treatment in the Vienna General Hospital. Hospital, West of England Eye Infirmary (Exeter), Royal A special department for the therapeutic use of radium Eye Infirmary (Plymouth), Devon and Exeter Hospital, the preparations was opened a short time ago in the Vienna Exeter Dispensary, the Torbay Hospital, and the Teignmouth General Hospital, and the dermatological clinic has under- Hospital. -An anonymous gift of E1500 has been received’’to taken the management of it. Radium capsules can be endow a bed"in the Bristol General Hospital.-By the will obtained there, and in order to make the general practitioner of the late Mr. Charles Jones, of Rossett, Denbighshire, the acquainted with the technique of the treatment and the testator bequeathed £ 1000 to the Chester General Infirmary, indications for its employment a series of courses of instruc- and £ 500 to the Convalescent Home, Parkgate, Chester.tion on the subject will be delivered, free of charge, to all The governors of the London Hospital have been informed medical men on application. The classes will last about a that a £ 10,000 legacy has been left to the hospital by Lady week. Ever since this department has been in working order Kortright.-An anonymous person has offered the sum of the use of radium has been much favoured in Vienna. One 95000 to the Royal Free Hospital provided that an additional of the latest extensions of its therapeutic action is the sum of £ 15,000 is subscribed or promised towards the buildpermanent use of radium tubes in new growths of the larynx, ing fund of the new extension before March 4th, 1913.mediastinum, and trachea, as practised by Dr. Marschik in By the will of the late Mrs. Jane Ash, of Blackpool, the Professor Chiari’s laryngological clinic. This surgeon has testatrix has left bequests which will exceed £ 40,000 in obtained good results in the treatment of carcinomata and value. The residue of her property, subject to various sarcomata of the upper respiratory tract, first performing a legacies, will be divided equally between the following surgical operation and then following this up by applications institutions: The Victoria Hospital, Blackpool, the Blackof radium in tubes which were left in position for 48 hours. pool Sanatorium, Manchester University, the Devonshire A case of carcinoma of the maxillary sinus and one of the Hospital and Buxton Bath Charity, the Manchester Royal Infirmary, Dispensary, and Lunatic Hospital or Asylum, the larynx are still under observation. Northern Counties Supplementary Hospital for Chronic and Small-pox amongst Fugitives from Salonika. Incurable Diseases, the Manchester Hospital for ConsumpIn the year 1909 some 2000 Turkish families resident in tion and Diseases of the Throat and Chest, Christie Hosthe provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which were pital, Manchester, the Manchester Children’s Hospital, and formerly Turkish but are now incorporated in the St. Mary’s Hospital.-The Court of Contributors of the Austrian dominions, left their homes and settled in Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow, have received from Miss The Balkan war, however, has brought Davies, of Glasgow, a trustee on the estate of her uncle, the Macedonia. about political changes which have induced them to promise of a gift in January of £ 10,000 for the general desire to return to Austria. They accordingly applied for purposes of the infirmary.-On behalf of the proposed permission to do so, and their request being immediately South London Hospital for Women some ladies, who do granted they fled from their devastated homes and were not wish their names published, have offered to give temporarily housed in Serajevo, the capital of Bosnia. a site at Clapham and contribute .625,000 towards the Unluckily, however, small-pox of the haemorrhagic type has cost of the hospital.-A cheque for .61000 from C. D. B." appeared amongst a group of the immigrants, five persons has been received by Sir William Treloar as a Christmas falling ill shortly after their arrival. The most extensive and donation to the Lord Mayor Treloar Cripples’ Hospital and stringent measures to check any further spread of the College at Alton.

OBITUARY.

1757

his

name has always been associated with the Brompton Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest. The hospital was founded in 1841, and Dr. C. J. B. Williams was consulting physician from 1842 to 1889, Dr. Theodore Williams was appointed assistant physician CHARLES THEODORE WILLIAMS, M.V.O., M.A., in 1867, physician in 1871, and consulting physician in M.D. Oxorr., F.R.C.P. LOND., 1894. His devotion to the interests of the hospital was FOR BROMPTON HOSPITAL CONSULTING PHYSICIAN TO THE CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES OF THE CHEST, AND TO recognised by the committee of management and by his KING EDWARD VII. SANATORIUM. colleagues, and nowhere will his loss be more sincerely felt WE regret to have to announce the death of Dr. Charles than at this institution. He did not hold an appointment at ’rheodore Williams, which took place on Sunday, Dec. 15th. a general hospital, and all his energies were directed to He was born in 1838, and was the son of the late Dr. C. J. B. promoting the interests of the Brompton Hospital. Dr. Williams, F.R.S. He received his education at Harrow, and Williams’s writings on diseases of the chest, more particusubsequently at Pembroke College, Oxford, where he graduated larly pulmonary tuberculosis, are universally known, and with honours in Natural Science. He was a student at St. they are a record of work done or experience gained at George’s Hospital, where he became demonstrator of Brompton. His best known works were "Pulmonary anatomy and physioConsumption: its Modes of Arrest, logy ; he also studied

Obituary.

in Paris. He became M.D. in 1869, and was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1871. He was elected councillor in 1891, and censor in 1899. He delivered thee Lumleian lectures in

1893,

choosing as subject "Aerotherapeutics in Lung

his

Diseases," and

was

Treatment,

Duration,"

and

Duration," and Aerotherapeutics." ’’

"

He also read several papers before the medical societies on similar topics, and his article on "Treatment of Phthisis at High Altitudes" at the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society attracted much attention. It

Harveian lecturer in was especially on 1911, his discourse the climatic treatbeing entitled Old ment of pulmonary and New Views on tuberculosis that Dr. the Treatment of Williams’s writings At Consumption." were prominent. the College of Phyo After a visitt to sicians of London, Davos in 1869 he in addition to his gave a thorough academic position, trial1 to the high Dr. Williams was altitude treatment, well known as an and he watched the excellent organiser, effect on a large and his aid was number of his always soughtin patients, sending the various social them not only to the gatherings occasionmountain resorts of the ally given by Switzerland but also College. He wass to North and South also a benefactor of America and South the College, having Africa. given B1000 to the When the sanaEndowment Fund, torium treatment was and being instrugenerally introduced mental in founding intothiscountry the Bisset-Hawkins Dr. Williams wass memorial medal. Dr. to the fore. again Williams held a proHe took a prominent minent position in part in the buildthe Medical Society ing of the King of London, having Edward VII. Sanaoccupied the presitorium, where he dential chair in 1889. was s subsequently He also delivered the CHARLES THEODORE M.D. F.R.C.P. OxON., WILLIAMS, M.V.O., M.A., LOND., ). appointed consulting Lettsomian lectures physician, and for CONSULTING PHYSICIAN TO THE BROMPTON HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTION AND DISEASES in 1876, and the OF THE CHEST, AND TO KING EDWARD VII. SANATORIUM. the assistance he had annualoration in given towards the 1884. He likewise took much interest in the Meteorological arrangements tor the erection and equipment ot tne sanaSociety, of which he was the honorary treasurer and at one torium he was awarded the honour of M.V.O. He took a similar interest in the building of the Brompton Hospital time president. The Medical Graduates College and Polyclinic, of which Sanatorium at Frimley. lie was president, owes much to his energy and perseverance. , Dr. Williams was physician to the English and Scottish At his college at Oxford he founded four university and two Law Life Assurance Office. He was one of the original college scholarships in human anatomy, physiology, and members of the Life Assurance Medical Officers’ Associapathology, including bacteriology in relation to medicine ; tion, of which he was president in 1900-01. Apart from he was elected an honorary Fellow of his college in public considerations, his death will be greatly regretted. 1907. by a large number of personal friends. His genial and This record of good and self-sacrificing work shows kindly disposition was very attractive, and the numerous how general as well as how deep Dr. Williams’s interest members of the medical profession who, through his long in the welfare of the medical profession was, but service at the Brompton Hospital, acted as his house