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Vision in vehicles – III
ABSTRACTS To provide readers of Applied Ergonomics with a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstract (eg, 1.1.21) consists of the volume number, part or issue number and a sequential abstract number. The published abstracts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, School of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2qq'. Tel. 021-414 4239.
General ergonomics
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Gale, A G, Brown, I D, Haslegrave, C M, Moorhead, I and Taylor, S (Eds).
Chen, J G, Schlegel, R E, Peacock, J B A computer-assisted system for physical ergonomics analysis. Computer& Indust Eng, 1991, 20.2, 261-269, 19 refs. A major obstacle to the widespread application of ergonomics knowledge to the working population is the inability to impart this knowledge to the ergonomics practitioner. Therefore, industry fails to derive maximum benefits from ergonomics research. The application of .computer-assisted systems in ergonomics is one feasible solution to overcome this obstacle. This paper describes the development of an interactive computerassisted Ergonomics Analysis SYstem (EASY). EASY is written in Foxbase Plus and QuickBASIC for IBM-PC compatible microcomputers. The system consists of three major components: the Ergonomics Information Analysis System (EIAS) for evaluation of tasks by the worker, the Physical Work Stress Index (PWSI) used by the supervisor or the ergonomist for further investigation of problem situations, and the Dynamic Lifting Analysis System (DLAS) for manual material handling tasks. Extensive use of menus for database entry/ editing and analysis provides an efficient and friendly interface design. The system was evaluated by comparing the results of EASY and individuals with an introductory knowledge of ergonomics with experts' conclusions for nine test jobs involving a variety of physical work stressors. The evaluation indicated that 81% of EASY's diagnoses were accepted by the experts with some variation between individual experts and between EASY and the other diagnosticians.
Vol 23 No 3 June 1992
Vision in vehicles - I I I . North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991, 497 pp. The Third International Conference on Vision in Vehicles was held at the University of Technology, Aachen, FRG, 11-15 September 1989. The aim was to provide an international forum for the exchange of information on current work on all aspects of vision and its relationship to vehicle design. This included both the internal and external design of the vehicle and its environmental displays, as well as the perceptual and cognitive capabilities and limitations of the vehicle controller. This volume represents the selected and edited proceedings of the conference.
23.3.4 (123272)
British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 2. Recommendations for the design of office VDT tasks. London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 2: 1990, 8 pp. This Part of BS 7179 deals with the design of office visual display terminal (VDT) tasks. The aim is to enhance the efficiency and the well-being of the individual user by applying practical ergonomics knowledge to the design of office VDT tasks. The tasks should be identified so that they are integrated with the VDT and associated equipment and with the work environment. 23.3.5 (123274)
British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 3. Specification for visual displays. BSI, London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 3: 1990, 24 pp, 27 refs. This Part of BS 7179 specifies the ergonomics requirements for visual display terminals (VDTs) used for office tasks. Its purpose is to promote the health and safety of VDT users and to ensure that they can operate VDT equipment efficiently and comfortably. In practice, this can only be achieved by careful design of the VDTs themselves, the workstations and working environments in which they are used and the way the VDT work is designed, organized and managed. 23.3.6 (124040)
British Standards Institution 23.3.3 (123271) British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminal~(VDTs) in offices. Part 1. Introduction. London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 1: 1990, 12 pp. The purpose of this standard is to provide recommendations to promote the health and safety of visual display terminal (VDT) users and to ensure that they can operate VDT equipment efficiently and comfortably. In practice, this can only be achieved by careful design of the VDTs themselves, the workstations and work environments in which they are used and the way the VDT work is designed, organized and managed. This standard is intended therefore for all those involved in ensuring safe and effective VDT work.
Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 4. Specification for keyboards. BSI, London, Standard No 7179: Part 4: 1990, 14 pp, 0 refs. This Part of BS 7179 has been prepared under the direction of the Personal Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee. It specifies requirements based on ergonomics factors for keyboards used in visual display terminals (VDTs). The keyboard is extensively used to input information to computer systems found in offices. It is used in conjunction with the display, and together these two items of equipment have a significant impact on the user of office computer systems. The design and use of the keyboard is inter-related with other design issues such as the 209
General ergonomics
23.3.2 (123259)
23.3.1 (123252)
Gale, A G, Brown, I D, Haslegrave, C M, Moorhead, I and Taylor, S (Eds).
Chen, J G, Schlegel, R E, Peacock, J B A computer-assisted system for physical ergonomics analysis. Computer& Indust Eng, 1991, 20.2, 261-269, 19 refs. A major obstacle to the widespread application of ergonomics knowledge to the working population is the inability to impart this knowledge to the ergonomics practitioner. Therefore, industry fails to derive maximum benefits from ergonomics research. The application of .computer-assisted systems in ergonomics is one feasible solution to overcome this obstacle. This paper describes the development of an interactive computerassisted Ergonomics Analysis SYstem (EASY). EASY is written in Foxbase Plus and QuickBASIC for IBM-PC compatible microcomputers. The system consists of three major components: the Ergonomics Information Analysis System (EIAS) for evaluation of tasks by the worker, the Physical Work Stress Index (PWSI) used by the supervisor or the ergonomist for further investigation of problem situations, and the Dynamic Lifting Analysis System (DLAS) for manual material handling tasks. Extensive use of menus for database entry/ editing and analysis provides an efficient and friendly interface design. The system was evaluated by comparing the results of EASY and individuals with an introductory knowledge of ergonomics with experts' conclusions for nine test jobs involving a variety of physical work stressors. The evaluation indicated that 81% of EASY's diagnoses were accepted by the experts with some variation between individual experts and between EASY and the other diagnosticians.
Vol 23 No 3 June 1992
Vision in vehicles - I I I . North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1991, 497 pp. The Third International Conference on Vision in Vehicles was held at the University of Technology, Aachen, FRG, 11-15 September 1989. The aim was to provide an international forum for the exchange of information on current work on all aspects of vision and its relationship to vehicle design. This included both the internal and external design of the vehicle and its environmental displays, as well as the perceptual and cognitive capabilities and limitations of the vehicle controller. This volume represents the selected and edited proceedings of the conference.
23.3.4 (123272)
British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 2. Recommendations for the design of office VDT tasks. London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 2: 1990, 8 pp. This Part of BS 7179 deals with the design of office visual display terminal (VDT) tasks. The aim is to enhance the efficiency and the well-being of the individual user by applying practical ergonomics knowledge to the design of office VDT tasks. The tasks should be identified so that they are integrated with the VDT and associated equipment and with the work environment. 23.3.5 (123274)
British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 3. Specification for visual displays. BSI, London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 3: 1990, 24 pp, 27 refs. This Part of BS 7179 specifies the ergonomics requirements for visual display terminals (VDTs) used for office tasks. Its purpose is to promote the health and safety of VDT users and to ensure that they can operate VDT equipment efficiently and comfortably. In practice, this can only be achieved by careful design of the VDTs themselves, the workstations and working environments in which they are used and the way the VDT work is designed, organized and managed. 23.3.6 (124040)
British Standards Institution 23.3.3 (123271) British Standards Institution Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminal~(VDTs) in offices. Part 1. Introduction. London, Standard No BS 7179: Part 1: 1990, 12 pp. The purpose of this standard is to provide recommendations to promote the health and safety of visual display terminal (VDT) users and to ensure that they can operate VDT equipment efficiently and comfortably. In practice, this can only be achieved by careful design of the VDTs themselves, the workstations and work environments in which they are used and the way the VDT work is designed, organized and managed. This standard is intended therefore for all those involved in ensuring safe and effective VDT work.
Ergonomics of design and use of visual display terminals (VDTs) in offices. Part 4. Specification for keyboards. BSI, London, Standard No 7179: Part 4: 1990, 14 pp, 0 refs. This Part of BS 7179 has been prepared under the direction of the Personal Safety Equipment Standards Policy Committee. It specifies requirements based on ergonomics factors for keyboards used in visual display terminals (VDTs). The keyboard is extensively used to input information to computer systems found in offices. It is used in conjunction with the display, and together these two items of equipment have a significant impact on the user of office computer systems. The design and use of the keyboard is inter-related with other design issues such as the 209