- Email: [email protected]
Volume change indices during loading and unloading of an unsaturated soil
22A
931162 Interpretation of packer tests conducted during excavation through a fracture zone Tannant, D D; Kaiser, P K Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P627-630. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The hydraulic properties of a fracture zone are often changed when it is cut by an excavation. Packer tests may be used to monitor excavation dependent changes in transmissivity. For proper interpretation of packer test data, changes in hydraulic boundary conditions at the excavation perimeter should be taken into account. Finite element and analytical solutions to assess the effects of excavation through a fracture zone on values of flow to head drop ratio are presented. A specific case history from the Room 209 fracture zone in the URL is described. 931163 Three-dimensional hydrogeotechnical tests and scale effects on fractured basalts Tressoldi, M; Kitahara, S M Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P631-635. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The foundation of the Porto Primavera earth dam in Brazil consists of thick layers of fractured basalt. Crosshole flow tests (hydrotomography) were used to determine the 3 dimensional hydraulic properties of the rock mass. Results indicate the validity of treating the foundation as a homogeneous, anisotropic rock mass. Hydraulic conductivity tensors were determined and specific storage evaluated at a range of scales. Good correlation is seen between values at different scales and variations in geology and geometry of discontinuities. 931164 Transient change and spatial variability of the evaporation on a tunnel wall Watanabe, K; Noguchi, Y; Sakuma, H; Sutani, Y Proc 7th I S R M International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P647-650. Publ Rotterdam." .4 A Balkema, 1991 Measurement of inflow rates to structures in low permeability rock masses is difficult and one method used is based on monitoring of evaporation rate from rock surfaces. A new evaporation sensor containing two pairs of a thermistor and a humidity sensor is illustrated. It has been evaluated over a test section of tunnel wall in the Kamaishi mine, Japan. The evaporation rate over the whole surface was 5-10 mg/s/sq m. Some spots of high evaporation rate were found along major fractures, probably representing preferential flow channel locations.
931165 Tracer experiments in saturated sand by computed tomography and inductively coupled plasma Steude, J S; Sullivan, C P; Chancy, R C; McKee, M; O'Shea, L E In: Physico-Chemical Aspects of Soil and Related Materials (Papers to a Symposium presented at St Louis, 29 June 1989) P171-184. Publ Philadelphia: ASTM, 1990 (ASTM Special Technical Publication N1095) The use of CT for nondestructive measurement of tracer concentration inside a porous sample during flow is illustrated. Calibration curves were developed with static CT measurements and linear regression analysis for 3 tracers. These curves
were then used to evaluate dynamic CT measurements plotted as breakthrough curves. These curves are compared to approximate analytic solutions of the flow equation. Effluent samples were collected in one case for ICP analysis to validate CT data. CT images of nonuniform flow were also obtained.
931166 Simulation of block permeabilities conditioned upon data measured at a different scale Gomez-Hernandez, J J Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliability in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P407-416. Publ Wallingford: IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) The problems of scaling up permeability values from core scale to grid block values and of modelling the uncertainty of the grid block values are examined. The basic problem of assigning a unique block permeability value to a heterogeneous block is first addressed, then a numerical technique is presented to model the spatial variability of grid block permeability, given a statistical model for variability at core scale. It is shown that this model can be used to directly generate maps of grid block permeability. A two dimensional flow problem, solved by the finite difference method for constant block sizes and for which maps of interface permeability are required, is presented.
931167 Application of the relationship between small-scale and largescale permeabilities to fluid flow modelling Stam, J M T; Zijl, W; Van Dam, J C; Turner, A K Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliability in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P457-466. Publ Wallingford." IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) Practical description of fluid flow at reservoir scale requires application of large scale equations using large scale parameters. Expressions have been derived to calculate large scale intrinsic permeabilities from small scale permeability distributions. These are applied to a stratigraphic sequence obtained by an alluvial simulator to model basin characteristics.
931168 How effective are effective medium properties? Mishra, S; Zhu, J L; Parker, J C Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliabih'ty in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P521-528. Publ Wallingford." IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) A perturbation approximation of Richards' equation is used to derive effective medium properties for unsaturated flow in heterogeneous media. These are numerically evaluated from fine-scale transient simulation. The manner in which the behaviour of the effective homogeneous system deviates from that of the actual heterogeneous system as the mesh is progressively coarsened from that at which the effective medium properties were computed is examined. Significant coarsening has little effect on system response.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
931162 Interpretation of packer tests conducted during excavation through a fracture zone Tannant, D D; Kaiser, P K Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P627-630. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The hydraulic properties of a fracture zone are often changed when it is cut by an excavation. Packer tests may be used to monitor excavation dependent changes in transmissivity. For proper interpretation of packer test data, changes in hydraulic boundary conditions at the excavation perimeter should be taken into account. Finite element and analytical solutions to assess the effects of excavation through a fracture zone on values of flow to head drop ratio are presented. A specific case history from the Room 209 fracture zone in the URL is described. 931163 Three-dimensional hydrogeotechnical tests and scale effects on fractured basalts Tressoldi, M; Kitahara, S M Proc 7th ISRM International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P631-635. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1991 The foundation of the Porto Primavera earth dam in Brazil consists of thick layers of fractured basalt. Crosshole flow tests (hydrotomography) were used to determine the 3 dimensional hydraulic properties of the rock mass. Results indicate the validity of treating the foundation as a homogeneous, anisotropic rock mass. Hydraulic conductivity tensors were determined and specific storage evaluated at a range of scales. Good correlation is seen between values at different scales and variations in geology and geometry of discontinuities. 931164 Transient change and spatial variability of the evaporation on a tunnel wall Watanabe, K; Noguchi, Y; Sakuma, H; Sutani, Y Proc 7th I S R M International Congress on Rock Mechanics, Aachen, 16-20 September 1991 V1, P647-650. Publ Rotterdam." .4 A Balkema, 1991 Measurement of inflow rates to structures in low permeability rock masses is difficult and one method used is based on monitoring of evaporation rate from rock surfaces. A new evaporation sensor containing two pairs of a thermistor and a humidity sensor is illustrated. It has been evaluated over a test section of tunnel wall in the Kamaishi mine, Japan. The evaporation rate over the whole surface was 5-10 mg/s/sq m. Some spots of high evaporation rate were found along major fractures, probably representing preferential flow channel locations.
931165 Tracer experiments in saturated sand by computed tomography and inductively coupled plasma Steude, J S; Sullivan, C P; Chancy, R C; McKee, M; O'Shea, L E In: Physico-Chemical Aspects of Soil and Related Materials (Papers to a Symposium presented at St Louis, 29 June 1989) P171-184. Publ Philadelphia: ASTM, 1990 (ASTM Special Technical Publication N1095) The use of CT for nondestructive measurement of tracer concentration inside a porous sample during flow is illustrated. Calibration curves were developed with static CT measurements and linear regression analysis for 3 tracers. These curves
were then used to evaluate dynamic CT measurements plotted as breakthrough curves. These curves are compared to approximate analytic solutions of the flow equation. Effluent samples were collected in one case for ICP analysis to validate CT data. CT images of nonuniform flow were also obtained.
931166 Simulation of block permeabilities conditioned upon data measured at a different scale Gomez-Hernandez, J J Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliability in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P407-416. Publ Wallingford: IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) The problems of scaling up permeability values from core scale to grid block values and of modelling the uncertainty of the grid block values are examined. The basic problem of assigning a unique block permeability value to a heterogeneous block is first addressed, then a numerical technique is presented to model the spatial variability of grid block permeability, given a statistical model for variability at core scale. It is shown that this model can be used to directly generate maps of grid block permeability. A two dimensional flow problem, solved by the finite difference method for constant block sizes and for which maps of interface permeability are required, is presented.
931167 Application of the relationship between small-scale and largescale permeabilities to fluid flow modelling Stam, J M T; Zijl, W; Van Dam, J C; Turner, A K Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliability in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P457-466. Publ Wallingford." IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) Practical description of fluid flow at reservoir scale requires application of large scale equations using large scale parameters. Expressions have been derived to calculate large scale intrinsic permeabilities from small scale permeability distributions. These are applied to a stratigraphic sequence obtained by an alluvial simulator to model basin characteristics.
931168 How effective are effective medium properties? Mishra, S; Zhu, J L; Parker, J C Proc Conference on Calibration and Reliabih'ty in Groundwater Modelling, The Hague, 3-6 September 1990 P521-528. Publ Wallingford." IAHS Press, 1990 (IAHS Publication No. 195) A perturbation approximation of Richards' equation is used to derive effective medium properties for unsaturated flow in heterogeneous media. These are numerically evaluated from fine-scale transient simulation. The manner in which the behaviour of the effective homogeneous system deviates from that of the actual heterogeneous system as the mesh is progressively coarsened from that at which the effective medium properties were computed is examined. Significant coarsening has little effect on system response.
© 1993 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted