- Email: [email protected]
Weight Control Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Developmental Disabilities
SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 25
POSTER SESSION: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS; NUTRITION ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY Relationships among Dieting Behaviors, Stress and Weight Status in Female College Students
Weight Control Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Developmental Disabilities
Author(s): J. Hollman,1 J. Chezem2; 1Neighborhood Health Clinics, Fort Wayne, IN, 2Ball State University, Muncie, IN
Author(s): P. Novak,1 K. Van Rooyen,1 K. Ausderau,2 J. Miller,1 D. Cullinane1; Pasadena Child Development Associates, Pasadena, CA, 2PEARLS, School of Allied Health, University of North Carolina, School Of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
Learning Outcome: Participants will describe the relationships among dieting behaviors, stress and weight status in female college students. For young adults, especially women, college attendance is associated with increases in body weight and stress level. Female college students, aged 18-24 years, completed the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress (EADES) questionnaire (Ozier et al., 2007) and a modified behavior and weight-perception survey (Calderon et al., 2004; Malinauskas et al., 2006). A total of 146 subjects completed study requirements. At the time of the study, 42% of subjects were attempting to control their weight. The most common dietary strategies for weight control were eating less than wanted (62%), a restraint method, and eating or drinking low-fat or fat-free versions of food (60%), a non-restraint method. The most common non-dietary strategy was exercise (90%). Compared to individuals who were underweight/normal-weight, those who were overweight/obese reported using a greater number of weight control strategies (p ⫽ .005), eating more in response to emotions and stress (p ⫽ .003) and feeling less able to change a situation, manage one’s emotional reaction, or cope effectively (p ⫽ .029). There was a significant negative correlation between eating in response to emotions and stress and the use of dietary restraint methods of weight control (p ⫽ .001). These findings suggest that overweight/obese individuals have a difficult time managing eating habits in times of stress; this may explain why they use multiple strategies for weight control. Furthermore, individuals that turn to food when stressed also tend to use dietary restraint methods of weight control which, paradoxically, may stimulate stress-related eating.
1
Learning Outcome: The participant will describe unique factors influencing development of obesity and treatment of children with obesit and developmental disabilities. Obesity is an increasing problem in children with intellectual/developmental disabilities, autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit disorders. The health risks associated with obesity are exacerbated in this population by history of premature birth, medications, low muscle tone, limited physical play/ activity and sensory processing issues. Sensory issues and adherence to rigid routines, which are common to this population, can cause a poor sense of satiety leading to eating with no regard for hunger. Children may have a history of early poor weight gain influencing parent perception of weight and eating habits. Food is frequently used to address behavior as an activity to occupy, a reward for desired behavior or as a distraction to tantrums. Due to excessive weight, a child’s tantrums, unintentional or undesired physical actions may place family members, peers, therapist or instructors at risk of physical harm. and limit the child’s participation in the community. The F3-Food, Fitness and Fun program applies the DIR® /Floortime approach to obesity by focusing on changing occupations, addressing sensory features and re-directing the parentchild relationship. The 12-week group program includes parents, children and siblings in activities designed for parent-parent support, nutrition education through parent-child activities and physical skill building for children. Nutrition information focuses on reducing sugary beverages, appropriate portion size and increasing intake of fruits and vegetables. Eighty percent of participants reduced intake of sugars, 60% increased activity, 50% decreased portion size. Over 50% of participants reduced BMI. Funding Disclosure: none
Funding Disclosure: None
Childhood Obesity: An Exploratory Needs Assessment of Self-Identified Parental Needs and Preferences for Pediatric Weight Management Nutrition Education Author(s): C. J. deGrood; Group Health Cooperative of South Central Wisconsin, Madison, WI Learning Outcome: The learner will be able to explore the relationship between a child’s and their parent/guardian’s weight status and the parent/guardian needs and preferences for pediatric weight management nutrition education. Objective: To identify the weight status and demographics of children and their parents/guardians who attended a Midwestern pediatric primary care clinic and to explore their relationships with parent/guardian needs and preferences for pediatric weight management nutrition education. Design/Subjects/Setting: An exploratory needs assessment using a mail-out survey between July 1, 2009 and October 19, 2009 was conducted. Children aged two to 11 years who presented to a primary care clinic and their parents/ guardians who completed a survey and consented to review of their medical records were included. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to explore the relationships between the parent/guardian needs and preferences for nutrition education and child BMI percentile, parent/guardian BMI and the parent/guardian’s perception of their child’s weight status. Alpha was set at 0.05. Results: The subjects (n⫽191,9.4%) were primarily non-Hispanic/Latino and White with 64.5% (n⫽107) of normal weight and 30.1% (n⫽50) of overweight/ obese weight status. Registered dietitians were the preferred provider for nutrition education (n⫽138,80.2%). An increased child BMI percentile and parent/guardian BMI were significantly related to the parent’s desire to have a healthier body, interest in a family weight management program, and specific nutrition topics such as planning physical activity for the whole family, preventing obesity related medical problems and providing correct serving sizes for their child (p ⬍ 0.05).
Nutrition Faculty Attitudes and Teaching Methods of Diet and Non-Diet Approaches to Weight Management Author(s): L. Gilmore, D. E. Clifford, M. Neyman Morris; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, California State University, Chico, Chico, CA Learning Outcome: Participants will be able to identify the three most common weight management topics addressed by nutrition faculty in undergraduate dietetics courses. Background: There is much debate over the effectiveness of common weight management strategies, which are often categorized as diet or non-diet based on their core principles of restriction or allowance. The primary objective of this study was to determine which diet and non-diet strategies are being taught in Didactic Programs in Dietetics (DPD) at universities within the United States. The secondary objective was to collect nutrition faculty attitudes towards those diet and non-diet based strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed with members from the Society of Nutrition Education and two American Dietetic Association dietetic practice groups. Members of the three internet based groups received a blast email or listserv email directing them to a 16-item online survey. Participants were asked to forward the survey link to their colleagues to increase participation. Results: Data were analyzed from 155 completed surveys in spring 2010. The most common weight management topics addressed in the classroom by respondents were exercise (85%), Volumetrics (81%), and government-developed materials such as the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005 (78%). However, when asked which three weight management strategies lead to overall health and well-being, exercise (54%), Eating Competence (46%), and Intuitive Eating (39%) were the top three methods selected. Faculty varied significantly in their weight management teaching philosophies. Conclusion: There is conflict between what dietetic faculty teach and what they believe to be best for overall health and well-being. In addition, opinions vary widely regarding whether diet approaches or non-diet approaches are best. Funding Disclosure: None
Conclusions: Identifying parental needs and preferences for nutrition education and their relationships with child and parent/guardian weight status will help program development and clinical practices to prevent and treat childhood overweight and obesity. Funding Disclosure: Group Health Cooperative of South Central Wisconsin
Journal of the AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION / A-39
POSTER SESSION: PROFESSIONAL SKILLS; NUTRITION ASSESSMENT; MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY Relationships among Dieting Behaviors, Stress and Weight Status in Female College Students
Weight Control Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Other Developmental Disabilities
Author(s): J. Hollman,1 J. Chezem2; 1Neighborhood Health Clinics, Fort Wayne, IN, 2Ball State University, Muncie, IN
Author(s): P. Novak,1 K. Van Rooyen,1 K. Ausderau,2 J. Miller,1 D. Cullinane1; Pasadena Child Development Associates, Pasadena, CA, 2PEARLS, School of Allied Health, University of North Carolina, School Of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
Learning Outcome: Participants will describe the relationships among dieting behaviors, stress and weight status in female college students. For young adults, especially women, college attendance is associated with increases in body weight and stress level. Female college students, aged 18-24 years, completed the Eating and Appraisal Due to Emotions and Stress (EADES) questionnaire (Ozier et al., 2007) and a modified behavior and weight-perception survey (Calderon et al., 2004; Malinauskas et al., 2006). A total of 146 subjects completed study requirements. At the time of the study, 42% of subjects were attempting to control their weight. The most common dietary strategies for weight control were eating less than wanted (62%), a restraint method, and eating or drinking low-fat or fat-free versions of food (60%), a non-restraint method. The most common non-dietary strategy was exercise (90%). Compared to individuals who were underweight/normal-weight, those who were overweight/obese reported using a greater number of weight control strategies (p ⫽ .005), eating more in response to emotions and stress (p ⫽ .003) and feeling less able to change a situation, manage one’s emotional reaction, or cope effectively (p ⫽ .029). There was a significant negative correlation between eating in response to emotions and stress and the use of dietary restraint methods of weight control (p ⫽ .001). These findings suggest that overweight/obese individuals have a difficult time managing eating habits in times of stress; this may explain why they use multiple strategies for weight control. Furthermore, individuals that turn to food when stressed also tend to use dietary restraint methods of weight control which, paradoxically, may stimulate stress-related eating.
1
Learning Outcome: The participant will describe unique factors influencing development of obesity and treatment of children with obesit and developmental disabilities. Obesity is an increasing problem in children with intellectual/developmental disabilities, autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit disorders. The health risks associated with obesity are exacerbated in this population by history of premature birth, medications, low muscle tone, limited physical play/ activity and sensory processing issues. Sensory issues and adherence to rigid routines, which are common to this population, can cause a poor sense of satiety leading to eating with no regard for hunger. Children may have a history of early poor weight gain influencing parent perception of weight and eating habits. Food is frequently used to address behavior as an activity to occupy, a reward for desired behavior or as a distraction to tantrums. Due to excessive weight, a child’s tantrums, unintentional or undesired physical actions may place family members, peers, therapist or instructors at risk of physical harm. and limit the child’s participation in the community. The F3-Food, Fitness and Fun program applies the DIR® /Floortime approach to obesity by focusing on changing occupations, addressing sensory features and re-directing the parentchild relationship. The 12-week group program includes parents, children and siblings in activities designed for parent-parent support, nutrition education through parent-child activities and physical skill building for children. Nutrition information focuses on reducing sugary beverages, appropriate portion size and increasing intake of fruits and vegetables. Eighty percent of participants reduced intake of sugars, 60% increased activity, 50% decreased portion size. Over 50% of participants reduced BMI. Funding Disclosure: none
Funding Disclosure: None
Childhood Obesity: An Exploratory Needs Assessment of Self-Identified Parental Needs and Preferences for Pediatric Weight Management Nutrition Education Author(s): C. J. deGrood; Group Health Cooperative of South Central Wisconsin, Madison, WI Learning Outcome: The learner will be able to explore the relationship between a child’s and their parent/guardian’s weight status and the parent/guardian needs and preferences for pediatric weight management nutrition education. Objective: To identify the weight status and demographics of children and their parents/guardians who attended a Midwestern pediatric primary care clinic and to explore their relationships with parent/guardian needs and preferences for pediatric weight management nutrition education. Design/Subjects/Setting: An exploratory needs assessment using a mail-out survey between July 1, 2009 and October 19, 2009 was conducted. Children aged two to 11 years who presented to a primary care clinic and their parents/ guardians who completed a survey and consented to review of their medical records were included. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to explore the relationships between the parent/guardian needs and preferences for nutrition education and child BMI percentile, parent/guardian BMI and the parent/guardian’s perception of their child’s weight status. Alpha was set at 0.05. Results: The subjects (n⫽191,9.4%) were primarily non-Hispanic/Latino and White with 64.5% (n⫽107) of normal weight and 30.1% (n⫽50) of overweight/ obese weight status. Registered dietitians were the preferred provider for nutrition education (n⫽138,80.2%). An increased child BMI percentile and parent/guardian BMI were significantly related to the parent’s desire to have a healthier body, interest in a family weight management program, and specific nutrition topics such as planning physical activity for the whole family, preventing obesity related medical problems and providing correct serving sizes for their child (p ⬍ 0.05).
Nutrition Faculty Attitudes and Teaching Methods of Diet and Non-Diet Approaches to Weight Management Author(s): L. Gilmore, D. E. Clifford, M. Neyman Morris; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, California State University, Chico, Chico, CA Learning Outcome: Participants will be able to identify the three most common weight management topics addressed by nutrition faculty in undergraduate dietetics courses. Background: There is much debate over the effectiveness of common weight management strategies, which are often categorized as diet or non-diet based on their core principles of restriction or allowance. The primary objective of this study was to determine which diet and non-diet strategies are being taught in Didactic Programs in Dietetics (DPD) at universities within the United States. The secondary objective was to collect nutrition faculty attitudes towards those diet and non-diet based strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed with members from the Society of Nutrition Education and two American Dietetic Association dietetic practice groups. Members of the three internet based groups received a blast email or listserv email directing them to a 16-item online survey. Participants were asked to forward the survey link to their colleagues to increase participation. Results: Data were analyzed from 155 completed surveys in spring 2010. The most common weight management topics addressed in the classroom by respondents were exercise (85%), Volumetrics (81%), and government-developed materials such as the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2005 (78%). However, when asked which three weight management strategies lead to overall health and well-being, exercise (54%), Eating Competence (46%), and Intuitive Eating (39%) were the top three methods selected. Faculty varied significantly in their weight management teaching philosophies. Conclusion: There is conflict between what dietetic faculty teach and what they believe to be best for overall health and well-being. In addition, opinions vary widely regarding whether diet approaches or non-diet approaches are best. Funding Disclosure: None
Conclusions: Identifying parental needs and preferences for nutrition education and their relationships with child and parent/guardian weight status will help program development and clinical practices to prevent and treat childhood overweight and obesity. Funding Disclosure: Group Health Cooperative of South Central Wisconsin
Journal of the AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION / A-39