Weight Status and Visceral Adiposity are related to Intraindividual Variability in Cognitive Function

Weight Status and Visceral Adiposity are related to Intraindividual Variability in Cognitive Function

SUNDAY, OCTOBER 22 Poster Session: Professional Skills; Nutrition Assessment & Diagnosis; Medical Nutrition Therapy Using Humanities Content in a Med...

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SUNDAY, OCTOBER 22

Poster Session: Professional Skills; Nutrition Assessment & Diagnosis; Medical Nutrition Therapy Using Humanities Content in a Medical Nutrition Therapy Course to Enhance Empathy in Senior Nutrition Students Author(s): R. Rupp, H. Huye; The University of Southern Mississippi Learning Outcome: Learners will discover ways to incorporate humanities activities into dietetics programs to create more empathy in their students. In an effort to emotionally engage students and connect with course content, humanities activities were integrated into select courses of an undergraduate nutrition program. The purpose of this research was to explore the impact of embedding narrative non-fiction into a medical nutrition therapy course to enhance the development to empathy in senior nutrition students. Students (N¼12) were required to read The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot over the course of a semester. Students received a recommended weekly reading guide and corresponding online discussion board assignments. At the end of the semester, the class assembled for a culminating “Book Club” style discussion for which they received a discussion guide for preparation. The Book Club meeting resulted in a dynamic and rich discussion regarding empathy in the healthcare field. A content analysis of discussion questions revealed students’ desire to show compassion and respect for patients to create a safe environment that can enhance patient communication and care. Students also believed health care professionals who show empathy exhibit genuine concern for patients. Lastly, students reported reading the book was eye-opening and gave them new perspectives of health care, helping them become more empathetic. Results of this exploration indicated reading narratives outside the norm can enrich students’ learning experience. Incorporating the humanities into course activities and assignments in a nutrition and dietetics program is a unique approach to, not only address student learning of course content, but also to develop students’ empathy and ultimately improve students’ interactions with their future patients/clients. Funding Disclosure: None

Weight Gain and Decreased Sleep Duration in First-Year College Students: A Longitudinal Study Author(s): R. Tucker1, R. Leone2, A. Morgan3, M.J. Ludy3; 2 University of Toledo, 3Bowling Green State University

1

Michigan State University,

Learning Outcome: Participants will be able to explain how both decreased diet quality and decreased sleep duration additively contribute to weight gain in first-year university students. Background: Among college students, alterations in sleep and diet quality are common, and the propensity for weight gain is well established. The role of sleep duration during periods of rapid weight gain is understudied. This study explored the relationships between sleep duration, diet quality, and body composition in college freshmen.

Methods: A longitudinal, observational design was used. Laboratory testing occurred during the beginning of the fall and spring semesters. Anthropometric measures included weight, height, and percent body fat (%BF). Validated survey questions assessed sleep and diet quality. Results: As a group, participants (N ¼ 61) gained weight (1.9  2.2 kg) over the 4.5-month period of study. The amount of weight gained did not differ by sex, so data were pooled. Participants were grouped into quartiles based on weight change at follow-up. No differences between weight, BMI, %BF, sleep duration, or diet quality existed at baseline. Sleep duration decreased (6.9  0.9 to 6.5  1.2 h, p ¼ 0.047) among those in the top quartile of weight gain (4.8  1.7 kg); whereas, no changes were noted in the other quartiles. Diet quality decreased among participants in the top two quartiles compared to baseline (p < 0.046 for both). Conclusion: Participants who gained the most weight slept significantly less compared to baseline reports and also experienced decreases in diet quality. These combined changes were not observed in other quartiles. Combining diet and sleep education might increase the effectiveness of interventions designed to mitigate weight gain in this high-risk population.

Funding Disclosure: This project was supported by the DuPont Nutrition & Health/ Academy of Nutrition & Dietetics Research DPG Pilot Grant Program, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and Michigan AgBioResearch.

Utilizing the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment as a Tool to Identify Malnutrition in Radiation Oncology Patients

Weight Status and Visceral Adiposity are related to Intraindividual Variability in Cognitive Function

Author(s): M. Mozer, S. Peterson, D. Sowa; Rush University Medical Center

Author(s): M. Chojnacki1, C. Edwards1, N. Baumgartner1, A. Walk1, A. Covello1, G. Reeser1, H. Holscher2, N. Khan1; 1University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, 2Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Learning Outcome: To evaluate the nutrition status of patients receiving radiation treatment using the PG-SGA tool. Malnutrition in cancer patients is related to tumor type, location, stage, and treatment modality and may be present in 40-80% of patients. The patientgenerated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) was adapted for oncology patients as an assessment tool for identifying malnutrition. The objective of this project was to evaluate the nutrition status of patients receiving radiation treatment using the PG-SGA tool. Data from 2015-2016 of head and neck (HN), lung, and gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients during radiation treatment were analyzed. All components (weight, food intake, GI symptoms, and activity/function) of the PG-SGA tool were recorded by the patients and scored, on a scale of 0-36. A score of 4 indicated a worse nutrition status and triggered the need for an intervention by a dietitian. Demographics (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and cancer type were also recorded. A total of 160 patients with at least three PG-SGAs completed were included. Patients were aged 64  11 years, primarily males (63%), and non-Hispanic white (63%). The average PG-SGA score was 6.6  5.7. PG-SGA score was significantly different at baseline (HN: 5.50  5.3, GI: 8.0  6.5, lung: 8.9  5.6, p¼0.003) and overall change in PG-SGA score differed by cancer type (HN: -2.3  5.4, GI: 7.4  2.5, lung: -2.8  2.8, p ¼0.001). The baseline PG-SGA score determined the need for an intervention by the dietitian. This information should be used to create a standardized protocol to identify, treat, and monitor patients with signs of malnutrition throughout different phases of treatment. Funding Disclosure: None

Learning Outcome: Negative implications of obesity extend to cognitive health. Although the metabolic consequences of obesity are well studied, less is known regarding the cognitive implications of obese weight status and fat distribution. We investigated the relationship between weight status and adiposity (whole body and visceral) and intraindividual variability (IIV) during a cognitive control task. Adults (34.2  5.9 years [N¼82, 45 females]) underwent DXA to determine %fat mass and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Cognitive control was assessed using a modified Eriksen Flanker task. IIV was assessed as standard deviation of reaction time (SDRT) and coefficient of variation of reaction time (CVRT). Covariates assessed included intelligence quotient (IQ) measured using the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test and demographic factors. Following adjustment of covariates, regression analyses using BMI as a predictor yielded marginally significant changes in R2 for congruent accuracy (b¼-0.22, P¼0.07), congruent SDRT (b¼0.22, P¼0.10), congruent CVRT (b¼0.22, P¼0.09), and incongruent SDRT (b¼0.21, P¼0.07). VAT predicted significant changes in R2 for incongruent accuracy (b¼-0.27, P¼0.03). %Fat mass predicted marginally significant changes in R2 for incongruent accuracy (b¼-0.32, P¼0.09) and incongruent CVRT (b¼0.31, P¼0.06). Relative to their healthy weight counterparts, obese participants exhibited lower accuracy in the incongruent condition (2.96%; 95% CI 0.36 to 5.55) and higher SDRT in the incongruent condition (-13.96; 95% CI -27.43 to -0.49). In conclusion, weight status and visceral adiposity were negatively associated with cognitive function, particularly during the task condition requiring greater modulation of attentional control. These findings provide further support that the negative implications of obesity extend to cognitive health as well. Funding Disclosure: Funded by the Department of Kinesiology and Community Health at the University of Illinois and the Hass Avocado Board

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JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS

September 2017 Suppl 1—Abstracts Volume 117 Number 9