- Email: [email protected]
What's in a Snack? Nutritional Assessment of University Vending Options
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 47, Number 4S, 2015 P197 (continued) prioritized FM had youth who did not use media during FM (> 60%). Families that used media during FM consumed less healthy meals and had parents who modeled unhealthy eating. Parents who valued FM and who modeled healthy eating behaviors had youth who ate out less. Parents who practiced controlling feeding had youth with more weight concerns. Qualitative findings showed that FM is a platform through which socialization processes occur, and mealtimes were important for family bonding. Mealtime routines, financial resources, and time were also important components of FM. Conclusions and Implications: Obesity prevention interventions should include educating parents to develop positive mealtime practices, to build relationships between family members, and to reduce mealtime media usage. Funding: USDA, Transdisciplinary Childhood Obesity Prevention (TOP) Program.
P198 Understanding Osteoporosis Knowledge and Health-Beliefs In Middle-Aged Men Oyinlola Babatunde, PhD, RD, MPH, [email protected], East Carolina University, Department of Nutrition Science, Mailstop #505, Greenville, NC 27858; S. Marquez, RD; A. Taylor, PhD; K. Vajda, BS Objective: To investigate the level of osteoporosis knowledge and health-beliefs among middle-aged men. The study also analyzed the effect of years of formal schooling completed on osteoporosis knowledge. Design, Setting and Participants: A cross-sectional study design approach was employed for this study with questionnaires administered to participants via Qualtrics, an online survey system. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Participants’ knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors was measured by the scores on the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT), a 24-item questionnaire, and osteoporosis health-beliefs measured by the Osteoporosis Health-Belief Scale, a 42-item questionnaire with seven subscales, based on the Health Belief Model. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests were performed to assess relationships between the variables. Results: A total of 262 men aged 36-55 years participated in this study (76% Caucasians and 17% African Americans, 7% other racial groups). Total correct response on the OKT was low, mean score¼12.043.96 out of a total of 24 (11.103.50 with two gender specific questions excluded). ANOVA tests conducted showed significant differences in OKT scores, and some health-belief subscales, for the years of schooling categories (p<0.05). Conclusions and Implications: Findings from the study showed that men in the mid-life years have limited knowledge regarding osteoporosis. The mid-life years could be when men are starting to consider the importance of a healthy lifestyle and healthy aging. Years of schooling have influence on participants’ osteoporosis knowledge and some health-beliefs. More research is needed in this area, with innovative strategies to promote bone health education particularly among middle-aged men. Funding: None.
Poster Abstracts S87
P199 Too Young to Care - Gender and Athletic Status Differences in the Knowledge of Osteoporosis Risk Factors Among Undergraduates Oyinlola Babatunde, PhD, RD, MPH, [email protected], East Carolina University, Department of Nutrition Science, Mailstop #505, Greenville, NC 27858; J. Brinkley, PhD; B. Brenda, PhD, RD, University of Alabama at Birmingham Objective: To describe knowledge of osteoporosis- risk factors and preventative behaviors (calcium intake and exercise) among undergraduate students’ and determine differences in responses between gender, and student athletes vs. non-athletes. Design, Setting and Participants: A cross-sectional study design with a convenience sample of 162 undergraduate students’ in two groups (college athletes and non-athletes), were surveyed for this study. Students were recruited from an introductory nutrition science course and athletic training rooms, at a South-Eastern public university. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Outcome variables were knowledge related to osteoporosis- risks factors, and preventive behaviors (Calcium intake and Exercise), measured by the osteoporosis knowledge test (OKT), a 24-item survey. A heel scan was conducted for each participant using a portable sonometer to estimate bone mineral density (BMD), and demographic data and anthropometric measures were also obtained. Average responses between gender, and athletes vs. non-athletes were compared. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and non-parametric tests to establish significance and differences between gender and athletes vs. non-athletes. Results: Included in the final analysis were 156 participants who completed all study surveys and physical measurements. Findings showed BMD for all participants was within normal ranges, with overall limited knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors. Mean total OKT scores were significantly higher (p<0.001) for females compared to males, and for non-athletes compared to athletes. Conclusions and Implications: Findings support the need for creativity in developing and implementing educational programs among young adults to increase knowledge of the risk factors and preventative behaviors for this debilitating disease during the prime years to prevent the burden in the later years. Funding: None.
P200 What’s in a Snack? Nutritional Assessment of University Vending Options Kavitha Sankavaram, PhD, [email protected], University of Maryland, 0102 Skinner Building, College Park, MD 20742; J. Bailey-Goldschmidt, BS; M. Mehta, PhD; N. Sahyoun, PhD, RD; A. Fletcher, BS Objective: Nutritional quality of foods in vending machines are implicated in contributing to the development Continued on page S88
S88 Poster Abstracts
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 47, Number 4S, 2015
P200 (continued) of obesogenic environments. Therefore, we evaluated snacks sold in vending machine using two validated assessment tools. Design, Setting and Participants: A list of high-grossing vending machines were collected from the vendor of a large land-grant university. Snacks in the top 25% revenue generating machines were analyzed using Nutrition Environment Measurements Survey-Vending (NEMS-V) & Health Density Vending Machine Audit Tool (HDVMAT). Outcome Measures and Analysis: Snacks were inventoried and analyzed to determine the healthfulness and density of nutrients. NEMS-V categorizes foods into Red/ not healthy, Yellow/minimally healthy and Green/healthiest. HDVMAT takes additional nutrients into consideration and uses a nutrient density scoring system and categorizes snack foods into unhealthy, somewhat healthy and healthy. Results: NEMS-V analysis categorized 93-100% of snacks from machines inventoried as unhealthy/red and 2.96.7% as healthiest/green. Using HDVMAT, 40-53% of the same snacks were categorized as unhealthy and 8-13% as healthy. About 22% of buildings do not have access (within 0.5 miles) to food sources other than vending machines and 89% of buildings do not have access to other food sources after 6 PM. Conclusions and Implications: Students with limited access to other food sources after hours must rely on unhealthy snacks available from vending machines. Comparatively, HDVMAT is a less stringent tool. Even using the less restrictive assessment tool, very few foods are deemed healthful. Findings can be utilized to encourage stakeholders on campus to adopt and enforce healthy vending policies. Also, assessment of the food environment enables development of population-based interventions focusing on desirable behavior changes. Funding: None.
P201 Effects of a Mindful Eating Intervention on Acute Calorie and Macronutrient Intake in College Students Alyssa Anderson, MS, [email protected], Kent State University, 9100 Woods Way Drive, Kirtland, OH 44094; N. Caine-Bish, PhD, RD; K. Gordon, PhD, RD; T. Falcone, MS, RD Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine if a 15-minute mindful eating group intervention for college students acutely impacts nutrient intake from self-selected snack foods. Design, Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited through the university website platform as well as flyers across campus and were initially deceived of the purpose of the study by being told the study’s purpose was to evaluate movie theater food items. Participants (n¼28) were randomly placed into two groups where the treatment group unknowingly received a brief mindful eating intervention prior to data collection and
the control group participated in a brief activity unrelated to mindful eating. After the control or treatment exposure both groups self-selected snack foods and beverages while watching a new release film in a theater setting. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Food selection, serving sizes, and plate waste were measured using a digital photography method. Data was analyzed using Food Processor SQL and SPSS software. Results: An independent t-test (p # 0.05) was used to determine the control group consumed significantly more kilocalories (p ¼ 0.002), protein (p ¼ 0.016), carbohydrates (p ¼ 0.002), total fat (p ¼ 0.012), and saturated fat (p ¼ 0.040) than the treatment group. Conclusions and Implications: The results demonstrate the use of mindful eating principles in acute settings with college students may acutely impact consumption of macronutrients, specifically high fat and energy dense food items giving nutrition professionals another potentially successful educational tool to use. Funding: None.
P202 Effects of an Acute Mindful Eating Exercise on Food Selection Type and Quantity in College Students Alyssa Anderson, MS, [email protected], Kent State University, 9100 Woods Way Drive, Kirtland, OH 44094; N. Caine-Bish, PhD, RD; K. Gordon, PhD, RD; T. Falcone, MS, RD Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the types and quantity of foods chosen by college students engaged in a mindful eating intervention. Design, Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited through a university website platform and flyers across campus. Participants (n¼28) were placed into either a control or treatment group whereby the treatment group received a brief overview of mindful eating principles prior to data collection and the control group was not exposed to mindful eating principles. Participants were initially deceived of the purpose of the study by being asked to evaluate movie theater food items. Following the intervention, both groups watched a movie and self-selected snack foods and beverages. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Food selection, serving sizes, and plate waste were measured using a digital photography method and foods were grouped into categories by type for analysis purposes. Results: An independent t-test (p # 0.05) revealed the control group consumed significantly more high fat dips (p ¼ 0.048), sugar sweetened beverages (p ¼ 0.001), and chips and pretzels (p ¼ 0.048) than the treatment group. Conclusions and Implications: The results indicate mindful eating interventions aimed at college students can immediately impact portion sizes and potentially food choice type. Messages that reinforce the principles of mindful eating may be used in group settings to help promote portion control and food choice. Funding: None.
P198 Understanding Osteoporosis Knowledge and Health-Beliefs In Middle-Aged Men Oyinlola Babatunde, PhD, RD, MPH, [email protected], East Carolina University, Department of Nutrition Science, Mailstop #505, Greenville, NC 27858; S. Marquez, RD; A. Taylor, PhD; K. Vajda, BS Objective: To investigate the level of osteoporosis knowledge and health-beliefs among middle-aged men. The study also analyzed the effect of years of formal schooling completed on osteoporosis knowledge. Design, Setting and Participants: A cross-sectional study design approach was employed for this study with questionnaires administered to participants via Qualtrics, an online survey system. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Participants’ knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors was measured by the scores on the Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT), a 24-item questionnaire, and osteoporosis health-beliefs measured by the Osteoporosis Health-Belief Scale, a 42-item questionnaire with seven subscales, based on the Health Belief Model. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA tests were performed to assess relationships between the variables. Results: A total of 262 men aged 36-55 years participated in this study (76% Caucasians and 17% African Americans, 7% other racial groups). Total correct response on the OKT was low, mean score¼12.043.96 out of a total of 24 (11.103.50 with two gender specific questions excluded). ANOVA tests conducted showed significant differences in OKT scores, and some health-belief subscales, for the years of schooling categories (p<0.05). Conclusions and Implications: Findings from the study showed that men in the mid-life years have limited knowledge regarding osteoporosis. The mid-life years could be when men are starting to consider the importance of a healthy lifestyle and healthy aging. Years of schooling have influence on participants’ osteoporosis knowledge and some health-beliefs. More research is needed in this area, with innovative strategies to promote bone health education particularly among middle-aged men. Funding: None.
Poster Abstracts S87
P199 Too Young to Care - Gender and Athletic Status Differences in the Knowledge of Osteoporosis Risk Factors Among Undergraduates Oyinlola Babatunde, PhD, RD, MPH, [email protected], East Carolina University, Department of Nutrition Science, Mailstop #505, Greenville, NC 27858; J. Brinkley, PhD; B. Brenda, PhD, RD, University of Alabama at Birmingham Objective: To describe knowledge of osteoporosis- risk factors and preventative behaviors (calcium intake and exercise) among undergraduate students’ and determine differences in responses between gender, and student athletes vs. non-athletes. Design, Setting and Participants: A cross-sectional study design with a convenience sample of 162 undergraduate students’ in two groups (college athletes and non-athletes), were surveyed for this study. Students were recruited from an introductory nutrition science course and athletic training rooms, at a South-Eastern public university. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Outcome variables were knowledge related to osteoporosis- risks factors, and preventive behaviors (Calcium intake and Exercise), measured by the osteoporosis knowledge test (OKT), a 24-item survey. A heel scan was conducted for each participant using a portable sonometer to estimate bone mineral density (BMD), and demographic data and anthropometric measures were also obtained. Average responses between gender, and athletes vs. non-athletes were compared. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA and non-parametric tests to establish significance and differences between gender and athletes vs. non-athletes. Results: Included in the final analysis were 156 participants who completed all study surveys and physical measurements. Findings showed BMD for all participants was within normal ranges, with overall limited knowledge of osteoporosis risk factors. Mean total OKT scores were significantly higher (p<0.001) for females compared to males, and for non-athletes compared to athletes. Conclusions and Implications: Findings support the need for creativity in developing and implementing educational programs among young adults to increase knowledge of the risk factors and preventative behaviors for this debilitating disease during the prime years to prevent the burden in the later years. Funding: None.
P200 What’s in a Snack? Nutritional Assessment of University Vending Options Kavitha Sankavaram, PhD, [email protected], University of Maryland, 0102 Skinner Building, College Park, MD 20742; J. Bailey-Goldschmidt, BS; M. Mehta, PhD; N. Sahyoun, PhD, RD; A. Fletcher, BS Objective: Nutritional quality of foods in vending machines are implicated in contributing to the development Continued on page S88
S88 Poster Abstracts
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior Volume 47, Number 4S, 2015
P200 (continued) of obesogenic environments. Therefore, we evaluated snacks sold in vending machine using two validated assessment tools. Design, Setting and Participants: A list of high-grossing vending machines were collected from the vendor of a large land-grant university. Snacks in the top 25% revenue generating machines were analyzed using Nutrition Environment Measurements Survey-Vending (NEMS-V) & Health Density Vending Machine Audit Tool (HDVMAT). Outcome Measures and Analysis: Snacks were inventoried and analyzed to determine the healthfulness and density of nutrients. NEMS-V categorizes foods into Red/ not healthy, Yellow/minimally healthy and Green/healthiest. HDVMAT takes additional nutrients into consideration and uses a nutrient density scoring system and categorizes snack foods into unhealthy, somewhat healthy and healthy. Results: NEMS-V analysis categorized 93-100% of snacks from machines inventoried as unhealthy/red and 2.96.7% as healthiest/green. Using HDVMAT, 40-53% of the same snacks were categorized as unhealthy and 8-13% as healthy. About 22% of buildings do not have access (within 0.5 miles) to food sources other than vending machines and 89% of buildings do not have access to other food sources after 6 PM. Conclusions and Implications: Students with limited access to other food sources after hours must rely on unhealthy snacks available from vending machines. Comparatively, HDVMAT is a less stringent tool. Even using the less restrictive assessment tool, very few foods are deemed healthful. Findings can be utilized to encourage stakeholders on campus to adopt and enforce healthy vending policies. Also, assessment of the food environment enables development of population-based interventions focusing on desirable behavior changes. Funding: None.
P201 Effects of a Mindful Eating Intervention on Acute Calorie and Macronutrient Intake in College Students Alyssa Anderson, MS, [email protected], Kent State University, 9100 Woods Way Drive, Kirtland, OH 44094; N. Caine-Bish, PhD, RD; K. Gordon, PhD, RD; T. Falcone, MS, RD Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine if a 15-minute mindful eating group intervention for college students acutely impacts nutrient intake from self-selected snack foods. Design, Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited through the university website platform as well as flyers across campus and were initially deceived of the purpose of the study by being told the study’s purpose was to evaluate movie theater food items. Participants (n¼28) were randomly placed into two groups where the treatment group unknowingly received a brief mindful eating intervention prior to data collection and
the control group participated in a brief activity unrelated to mindful eating. After the control or treatment exposure both groups self-selected snack foods and beverages while watching a new release film in a theater setting. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Food selection, serving sizes, and plate waste were measured using a digital photography method. Data was analyzed using Food Processor SQL and SPSS software. Results: An independent t-test (p # 0.05) was used to determine the control group consumed significantly more kilocalories (p ¼ 0.002), protein (p ¼ 0.016), carbohydrates (p ¼ 0.002), total fat (p ¼ 0.012), and saturated fat (p ¼ 0.040) than the treatment group. Conclusions and Implications: The results demonstrate the use of mindful eating principles in acute settings with college students may acutely impact consumption of macronutrients, specifically high fat and energy dense food items giving nutrition professionals another potentially successful educational tool to use. Funding: None.
P202 Effects of an Acute Mindful Eating Exercise on Food Selection Type and Quantity in College Students Alyssa Anderson, MS, [email protected], Kent State University, 9100 Woods Way Drive, Kirtland, OH 44094; N. Caine-Bish, PhD, RD; K. Gordon, PhD, RD; T. Falcone, MS, RD Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the types and quantity of foods chosen by college students engaged in a mindful eating intervention. Design, Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited through a university website platform and flyers across campus. Participants (n¼28) were placed into either a control or treatment group whereby the treatment group received a brief overview of mindful eating principles prior to data collection and the control group was not exposed to mindful eating principles. Participants were initially deceived of the purpose of the study by being asked to evaluate movie theater food items. Following the intervention, both groups watched a movie and self-selected snack foods and beverages. Outcome Measures and Analysis: Food selection, serving sizes, and plate waste were measured using a digital photography method and foods were grouped into categories by type for analysis purposes. Results: An independent t-test (p # 0.05) revealed the control group consumed significantly more high fat dips (p ¼ 0.048), sugar sweetened beverages (p ¼ 0.001), and chips and pretzels (p ¼ 0.048) than the treatment group. Conclusions and Implications: The results indicate mindful eating interventions aimed at college students can immediately impact portion sizes and potentially food choice type. Messages that reinforce the principles of mindful eating may be used in group settings to help promote portion control and food choice. Funding: None.