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Will proteomics design next-generation management of cardiovascular diseases?
Translational Proteomics 7 (2015) 1–2
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Translational Proteomics journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/trprot
Editorial
Will proteomics design next-generation management of cardiovascular diseases?
Cardiovascular disorders are lead by atherothrombosis, a complex and multifactorial disease. Atherothrombosis involves several actors such as smooth muscle cells, endothelium, platelets, immune system and inflammation [1]. Over the last decades, risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension have been identified but very few biomarkers specifically related to the disease are routinely used. Risk factors have been computed into risk scores to classify patients but their ability to predict recurrence of ischemic events is limited. In addition, the pharmaceutical industry deployed tremendous efforts in the recent years to develop new compounds to decrease the cardiovascular-related mortality but it seems that we have now reached a plateau with little incremental value of new drugs on cardiovascular outcomes. High throughput technologies such as proteomics are now opening new avenues for the dissection of vascular disorders and are promising for the discovery of new biomarkers and targets that may significantly influence the management of vascular disorders. However, this approach is associated with several caveats including sample preparation, study design, analytical issues and data management. In the present issue of Translational Proteomics, four papers review the contribution of proteomics to various cardiovascular diseases in a very brilliant manner. The paper by de la Cuesta et al. [2] thus describes some very practical aspects of proteomics in the field of atherothrombosis, a major worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality. They address the functional validation of protein target as well the risks and limitations of proteomic studies for a more critical appraisal of this research literature. Velez and Garcia [3] show in their review how a proteomic approach is particularly relevant to the study of important nucleus-free cell fragments, namely platelets. Platelet are widely involved in thrombosis and bleeding through various disorders, some of which still needs to be uncovered and looking at the end product of gene is naturally attractive in cells lacking DNA or for which relying on the sole study of remnant RNAs may be insufficient. Lipoproteins are also major players in the pathogenesis and the complications of cardiovascular diseases. von Zychlinski and Kleffmann address in their paper [4] the potential of lipoprotein proteomics in cardiovascular diseases fostering on the identification on new biomarkers for cardiovascular risk assessment though the review of studies in the field and a
comprehensible description of new techniques and future perspectives. The importance of proteomic studies for the identification and validation of biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases is also covered in a very insightful manner by Beck et al. [5]. They provide in their review a description of the key challenges and considerations, including strategies, recent discoveries and clinical applications in cardiovascular proteomics and the potential of using combinatorial panels of markers. Altogether these reviews will provide you with up-to-date information with very nice and informative figures and charts, all by experts in the field who aimed to give a balanced and critical description of proteomics in cardiovascular medicine. High throughput technologies such as quantitative proteomics and transcriptomics yield large data sets that need cutting-edge bioinformatics tools to be properly mined. This is another area of intense research that should parallel proteomics and other ‘omics development. In that regard, network biology permitting the integration of different ‘omic data sets and the identification of mutual interactions between gene products and/or molecules is particularly promising [6,7]. Finally, in addition to the functional validation of protein targets, the replication in independent cohorts of patients will remain an important validation step that will raise the possibility of altering management of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the collaboration of proteomics experts together with clinicians is essential to ensure translation of forthcoming discoveries into clinical practice. References [1] G.K. Hansson, Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (2005) 1685–1695. [2] F. de la Cuesta, L. Mourino-Alvarez, M. Baldan-Martin, R. Moreno-Luna, M.G. Barderas, Contribution of proteomics to the management of vascular disorders, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 3–14. [3] P. Vélez, A. Garcia, Platelet proteomics in cardiovascular diseases, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 15–29. [4] A. von Zychlinski, T. Kleffmann, Dissecting the proteome of lipoproteins: New biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases? Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 30–39. [5] H.C. Beck, M. Overgaard, L.M. Rasmussen, Plasma proteomics to identify biomarkers–application to cardiovascular diseases, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 40–48. [6] A. Bensimon, A.J. Heck, R. Aebersold, Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and network biology, Ann. Rev. Biochem. (2012) 379–405, doi:http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1146/annurev-biochem-072909-100424.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trprot.2015.01.002 2212-9634/ã 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
2
P. Fontana, J.-L. Reny / Translational Proteomics 7 (2015) 1–2
[7] A. Zufferey, M. Ibberson, J.L. Reny, I. Xenarios, J.C. sanchez, P. Fontana, Unraveling modulators of platelet reactivity in cardiovascular patients using omics strategies: towards a network biology paradigm, Transl. Proteomics 1 (2013) 25–37.
a
P. Fontanaa,b,* Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland b
Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
J.-L. Renyc,d Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
c
d
Division of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Trois-Chêne Hospital, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
* Corresponding author at: Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva 4, rue Gabrielle-PerretGentil, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Tel.: +41 22 372 97 49. E-mail address: [email protected] (P. Fontana). Available online 18 February 2015
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Translational Proteomics journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/trprot
Editorial
Will proteomics design next-generation management of cardiovascular diseases?
Cardiovascular disorders are lead by atherothrombosis, a complex and multifactorial disease. Atherothrombosis involves several actors such as smooth muscle cells, endothelium, platelets, immune system and inflammation [1]. Over the last decades, risk factors such as smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension have been identified but very few biomarkers specifically related to the disease are routinely used. Risk factors have been computed into risk scores to classify patients but their ability to predict recurrence of ischemic events is limited. In addition, the pharmaceutical industry deployed tremendous efforts in the recent years to develop new compounds to decrease the cardiovascular-related mortality but it seems that we have now reached a plateau with little incremental value of new drugs on cardiovascular outcomes. High throughput technologies such as proteomics are now opening new avenues for the dissection of vascular disorders and are promising for the discovery of new biomarkers and targets that may significantly influence the management of vascular disorders. However, this approach is associated with several caveats including sample preparation, study design, analytical issues and data management. In the present issue of Translational Proteomics, four papers review the contribution of proteomics to various cardiovascular diseases in a very brilliant manner. The paper by de la Cuesta et al. [2] thus describes some very practical aspects of proteomics in the field of atherothrombosis, a major worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality. They address the functional validation of protein target as well the risks and limitations of proteomic studies for a more critical appraisal of this research literature. Velez and Garcia [3] show in their review how a proteomic approach is particularly relevant to the study of important nucleus-free cell fragments, namely platelets. Platelet are widely involved in thrombosis and bleeding through various disorders, some of which still needs to be uncovered and looking at the end product of gene is naturally attractive in cells lacking DNA or for which relying on the sole study of remnant RNAs may be insufficient. Lipoproteins are also major players in the pathogenesis and the complications of cardiovascular diseases. von Zychlinski and Kleffmann address in their paper [4] the potential of lipoprotein proteomics in cardiovascular diseases fostering on the identification on new biomarkers for cardiovascular risk assessment though the review of studies in the field and a
comprehensible description of new techniques and future perspectives. The importance of proteomic studies for the identification and validation of biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases is also covered in a very insightful manner by Beck et al. [5]. They provide in their review a description of the key challenges and considerations, including strategies, recent discoveries and clinical applications in cardiovascular proteomics and the potential of using combinatorial panels of markers. Altogether these reviews will provide you with up-to-date information with very nice and informative figures and charts, all by experts in the field who aimed to give a balanced and critical description of proteomics in cardiovascular medicine. High throughput technologies such as quantitative proteomics and transcriptomics yield large data sets that need cutting-edge bioinformatics tools to be properly mined. This is another area of intense research that should parallel proteomics and other ‘omics development. In that regard, network biology permitting the integration of different ‘omic data sets and the identification of mutual interactions between gene products and/or molecules is particularly promising [6,7]. Finally, in addition to the functional validation of protein targets, the replication in independent cohorts of patients will remain an important validation step that will raise the possibility of altering management of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the collaboration of proteomics experts together with clinicians is essential to ensure translation of forthcoming discoveries into clinical practice. References [1] G.K. Hansson, Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease, N. Engl. J. Med. 352 (2005) 1685–1695. [2] F. de la Cuesta, L. Mourino-Alvarez, M. Baldan-Martin, R. Moreno-Luna, M.G. Barderas, Contribution of proteomics to the management of vascular disorders, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 3–14. [3] P. Vélez, A. Garcia, Platelet proteomics in cardiovascular diseases, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 15–29. [4] A. von Zychlinski, T. Kleffmann, Dissecting the proteome of lipoproteins: New biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases? Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 30–39. [5] H.C. Beck, M. Overgaard, L.M. Rasmussen, Plasma proteomics to identify biomarkers–application to cardiovascular diseases, Transl. Proteomics 7 (2015) 40–48. [6] A. Bensimon, A.J. Heck, R. Aebersold, Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and network biology, Ann. Rev. Biochem. (2012) 379–405, doi:http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1146/annurev-biochem-072909-100424.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trprot.2015.01.002 2212-9634/ã 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
2
P. Fontana, J.-L. Reny / Translational Proteomics 7 (2015) 1–2
[7] A. Zufferey, M. Ibberson, J.L. Reny, I. Xenarios, J.C. sanchez, P. Fontana, Unraveling modulators of platelet reactivity in cardiovascular patients using omics strategies: towards a network biology paradigm, Transl. Proteomics 1 (2013) 25–37.
a
P. Fontanaa,b,* Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland b
Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
J.-L. Renyc,d Geneva Platelet Group, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
c
d
Division of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Trois-Chêne Hospital, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
* Corresponding author at: Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva 4, rue Gabrielle-PerretGentil, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Tel.: +41 22 372 97 49. E-mail address: [email protected] (P. Fontana). Available online 18 February 2015