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Wine improvement
Patents
Patents This is a list of r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d p a t e n t s covering d e s i g n s a n d i n v e n t i o n s of r e l e v a n c e to s y n t h e t i c m e m b r a n e technology. W h e r e the s a m e device h a s b e e n p a t e n t e d i n several c o u n t r i e s , we n o r m a l l y give the B r i t i s h p a t e n t n u m b e r , If t h e r e is n o UK p a t e n t , we give the n u m b e r of a n E n g l i s h - l a n g u a g e p a t e n t , if one exists. The p a t e n t s list is compiled from i n t e r n a t i o n a l s o u r c e s by BHR G r o u p ' s i n f o r m a t i o n service. The facility c a n also be u s e d to carry o u t r e t r o s p e c t i v e p a t e n t s e a r c h e s - - to test the validity, novelty or i n f r i n g e m e n t of e x i s t i n g p a t e n t s or n e w ideas. BHR Group, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 OAJ, UK, will provide free estimates on request. C o u n t r i e s c a n be identified by the code i n front of the n u m b e r as lbllows:
15th a n d E a s t Streets, NW W a s h i n g t o n , DC 20231, USA The J a p a n e s e P a t e n t Office 4-3 K a k s u m i g a s e k i 3 - c h o m e C h i y o d a - k u , Tokyo 100, J a p a n
Wine improvement
The i n v e n t o r is located i n California a n d p r o p o s e s a reverse o s m o s i s p r o c e s s to remove u n w a n t e d s u b s t a n c e s . The p a t e n t is m a i n l y a d d r e s s e d to the desire to remove u n d e s i r a b l e c o m p o u n d s from wine, a l t h o u g h the p r o c e s s c a n also be u s e d to alter the alcohol c o n t e n t of the wine if desired. It is m a i n l y a d d r e s s e d to c o m p o u n d s s u c h as ethyl acetate, acetic acid a n d a c e t a l d e h y d e w h i c h are collectively r e g a r d e d as the 'volatile acidity' c o m p o n e n t a n d which, if p r e s e n t in high c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , r e n d e r the w i n e u n p a l a t a b l e . The p r o c e s s c a n also be u s e d to remove other AU A u s t r a l i a AT A u s t r i a u n d e s i r a b l e c o m p o u n d s s u c h as BR Brazil BE B e l g i u m h y d r o g e n s u l p h i d e , ethyl DD E a s t G e r m a n y CH S w i t z e r l a n d mercaptan, dimethyl sulphide DK D e n m a r k DE West G e r m a n y a n d s u l p h u r dioxide. EP E u r o p e a n P a t e n t s ES S p a i n Unlike other processes, the FR F r a n c e FI F i n l a n d i n v e n t i o n essenti/tlly m a i n t a i n s HU H u n g a r y GB B r i t a i n the v o l u m e of the processed IR Eire IL Israel solution: it is n o t i n t e n d e d as a JP Japan IT Italy c o n c e n t r a t i o n process. The LI L i e c h t e n s t e i n KP North Korea p r o c e s s is a two-stage one: NL N e t h e r l a n d s LU L u x e m b o u r g reverse o s m o s i s to remove the RO R o m a n i a NO Norway US U n i t e d S t a t e s RU R u s s i a WO World P a t e n t SE S w e d e n (Patent T r e a t y SU Soviet U n i o n Cooperation publication)
volatile acidity b y p e r m e a t i o n t h r o u g h the m e m b r a n e is followed by t r e a t m e n t of the p e r m e a t e in a n a n i o n - e x c h a n g e c o l u m n . This c o n v e r t s the volatile acidity c o m p o n e n t s to e t h a n o l a n d acetic acid - - w h i c h is c a p t u r e d by the a n i o n - e x c h a n g e resin. The t r e a t e d p e r m e a t e a n d r e t e n t a t e are recombined. Other distillation s t e p s m a y p r e c e d e the a n i o n e x c h a n g e s e c t i o n to remove volatile c o m p o u n d s in the overall p u r i f i c a t i o n process.
Patent number: US 5 4 8 0 6 6 5 Date: 2 n d J a n u a r y 1996 Inventor and applicant: C.R. S m i t h
Multichannel ceramic filter element The s t r a t e g y b e h i n d this p a t e n t is the desirability of m a x i m i s i n g the s u r f a c e a r e a available for s e p a r a t i o n s . A n o r m a l hollow fibre or t u b u l a r device w h i c h is coated on the i n n e r s u r f a c e of the wall with a s e p a r a t i o n layer h a s a single cylindrical s u r f a c e at w h i c h the s e p a r a t i o n p r o c e s s c a n take place. It is p o s s i b l e to i n c r e a s e the s e p a r a t i o n c a p a b i l i t y by r e d u c i n g the t u b e d i a m e t e r a n d m u l t i p l y i n g the n u m b e r of t u b e s b u t the smaller, t h i n n e r t u b e s are c o n s e q u e n t l y less r o b u s t . The
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BHR G r o u p does n o t operate a d o c u m e n t delivery service for p a t e n t s , b u t full copies of the original p a t e n t d o c u m e n t s c a n be o b t a i n e d from the following addresses: The British Library P a t e n t E x p r e s s 25 S o u t h a m p t o n B u i l d i n g s L o n d o n WC2A lAW, UK Fax: 0171 323 7 2 3 0 {The B r i t i s h Library will also s u p p l y a list of UK libraries i n c l u d e d i n the P a t e n t I n f o r m a t i o n Network.) US P a t e n t Office Scientific Library
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Figure 1: Multichannel ceramic filter element
M e m b r a n e T e c h n o l o g y No. 75
Patents This is a list of r e c e n t l y p u b l i s h e d p a t e n t s covering d e s i g n s a n d i n v e n t i o n s of r e l e v a n c e to s y n t h e t i c m e m b r a n e technology. W h e r e the s a m e device h a s b e e n p a t e n t e d i n several c o u n t r i e s , we n o r m a l l y give the B r i t i s h p a t e n t n u m b e r , If t h e r e is n o UK p a t e n t , we give the n u m b e r of a n E n g l i s h - l a n g u a g e p a t e n t , if one exists. The p a t e n t s list is compiled from i n t e r n a t i o n a l s o u r c e s by BHR G r o u p ' s i n f o r m a t i o n service. The facility c a n also be u s e d to carry o u t r e t r o s p e c t i v e p a t e n t s e a r c h e s - - to test the validity, novelty or i n f r i n g e m e n t of e x i s t i n g p a t e n t s or n e w ideas. BHR Group, Cranfield, Bedford MK43 OAJ, UK, will provide free estimates on request. C o u n t r i e s c a n be identified by the code i n front of the n u m b e r as lbllows:
15th a n d E a s t Streets, NW W a s h i n g t o n , DC 20231, USA The J a p a n e s e P a t e n t Office 4-3 K a k s u m i g a s e k i 3 - c h o m e C h i y o d a - k u , Tokyo 100, J a p a n
Wine improvement
The i n v e n t o r is located i n California a n d p r o p o s e s a reverse o s m o s i s p r o c e s s to remove u n w a n t e d s u b s t a n c e s . The p a t e n t is m a i n l y a d d r e s s e d to the desire to remove u n d e s i r a b l e c o m p o u n d s from wine, a l t h o u g h the p r o c e s s c a n also be u s e d to alter the alcohol c o n t e n t of the wine if desired. It is m a i n l y a d d r e s s e d to c o m p o u n d s s u c h as ethyl acetate, acetic acid a n d a c e t a l d e h y d e w h i c h are collectively r e g a r d e d as the 'volatile acidity' c o m p o n e n t a n d which, if p r e s e n t in high c o n c e n t r a t i o n s , r e n d e r the w i n e u n p a l a t a b l e . The p r o c e s s c a n also be u s e d to remove other AU A u s t r a l i a AT A u s t r i a u n d e s i r a b l e c o m p o u n d s s u c h as BR Brazil BE B e l g i u m h y d r o g e n s u l p h i d e , ethyl DD E a s t G e r m a n y CH S w i t z e r l a n d mercaptan, dimethyl sulphide DK D e n m a r k DE West G e r m a n y a n d s u l p h u r dioxide. EP E u r o p e a n P a t e n t s ES S p a i n Unlike other processes, the FR F r a n c e FI F i n l a n d i n v e n t i o n essenti/tlly m a i n t a i n s HU H u n g a r y GB B r i t a i n the v o l u m e of the processed IR Eire IL Israel solution: it is n o t i n t e n d e d as a JP Japan IT Italy c o n c e n t r a t i o n process. The LI L i e c h t e n s t e i n KP North Korea p r o c e s s is a two-stage one: NL N e t h e r l a n d s LU L u x e m b o u r g reverse o s m o s i s to remove the RO R o m a n i a NO Norway US U n i t e d S t a t e s RU R u s s i a WO World P a t e n t SE S w e d e n (Patent T r e a t y SU Soviet U n i o n Cooperation publication)
volatile acidity b y p e r m e a t i o n t h r o u g h the m e m b r a n e is followed by t r e a t m e n t of the p e r m e a t e in a n a n i o n - e x c h a n g e c o l u m n . This c o n v e r t s the volatile acidity c o m p o n e n t s to e t h a n o l a n d acetic acid - - w h i c h is c a p t u r e d by the a n i o n - e x c h a n g e resin. The t r e a t e d p e r m e a t e a n d r e t e n t a t e are recombined. Other distillation s t e p s m a y p r e c e d e the a n i o n e x c h a n g e s e c t i o n to remove volatile c o m p o u n d s in the overall p u r i f i c a t i o n process.
Patent number: US 5 4 8 0 6 6 5 Date: 2 n d J a n u a r y 1996 Inventor and applicant: C.R. S m i t h
Multichannel ceramic filter element The s t r a t e g y b e h i n d this p a t e n t is the desirability of m a x i m i s i n g the s u r f a c e a r e a available for s e p a r a t i o n s . A n o r m a l hollow fibre or t u b u l a r device w h i c h is coated on the i n n e r s u r f a c e of the wall with a s e p a r a t i o n layer h a s a single cylindrical s u r f a c e at w h i c h the s e p a r a t i o n p r o c e s s c a n take place. It is p o s s i b l e to i n c r e a s e the s e p a r a t i o n c a p a b i l i t y by r e d u c i n g the t u b e d i a m e t e r a n d m u l t i p l y i n g the n u m b e r of t u b e s b u t the smaller, t h i n n e r t u b e s are c o n s e q u e n t l y less r o b u s t . The
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BHR G r o u p does n o t operate a d o c u m e n t delivery service for p a t e n t s , b u t full copies of the original p a t e n t d o c u m e n t s c a n be o b t a i n e d from the following addresses: The British Library P a t e n t E x p r e s s 25 S o u t h a m p t o n B u i l d i n g s L o n d o n WC2A lAW, UK Fax: 0171 323 7 2 3 0 {The B r i t i s h Library will also s u p p l y a list of UK libraries i n c l u d e d i n the P a t e n t I n f o r m a t i o n Network.) US P a t e n t Office Scientific Library
10
Figure 1: Multichannel ceramic filter element
M e m b r a n e T e c h n o l o g y No. 75