- Email: [email protected]
Year in review: rehabilitation and outcomes
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Abstracts / Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 24 (2016) S1eS7
I-22 OBESITY, ADIPOSITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OA FROM PRECLINICAL RESEARCH T.M. Griffin. Oklahoma Med. Res. Fndn., Oklahoma City, OK, USA Obesity is a significant modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis in both weight bearing and non-weight bearing joints. Multiple mechanisms appear to be responsible for this increased risk, including biomechanical, inflammatory, post-traumatic, genetic, and metabolic factors. In particular, the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, a clustering of multiple metabolic disease conditions, increases the risk of osteoarthritis even when adjusting for body mass index. I will review recent literature on the use of pre-clinical animal models of obesity to study the pathogenesis of obesity-induced osteoarthritis and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process. I will focus on high fat diet-induced rodent models obesity and their comparison to genetic models of obesity. A central finding of many of these studies is that increased dietary lipids, adiposity, and lipid metabolism promote osteoarthritis pathology, even independent of weight gain. Adipose tissue inflammation is considered a central mechanism by which obesity increases osteoarthritis risk, and I will present evidence from the literature and our recent findings that explore this link in obese animal models, focusing on systemic versus local sources (e.g., synovium, fat pad, cartilage/subchondral bone). Additional evidence suggests that obesity alters pathways regulating chondrocyte metabolism. I will discuss these findings and present a working model for how obesity-associated changes in chondrocyte metabolism may impair the homeostatic response of chondrocytes to biomechanical and inflammatory stresses. I-23 YEAR IN REVIEW: REHABILITATION AND OUTCOMES M.J. Callaghan. Univ. of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom The purpose of this year in review is to highlight studies examining rehabilitation for osteoarthritis (OA) published between April 2015 and March 2016. We will conduct a systematic search of the literature including studies of hip, hand or knee OA published in English. The search will include systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials investigating rehabilitation interventions. Key words in the search will include osteoarthritis; knee; hip; hand; rehabilitation; physical therapy; physiotherapy; exercise; and acupuncture. This review will highlight those studies which are perceived to have high quality and importance to the field and those that are innovative, inform the direction of the field or generate controversy I-24 YEAR IN REVIEW: OSTEOARTHRITIS BIOLOGY E.N. Blaney Davidson. Radboud Univ. Med. Ctr., Nijmegen, Netherlands The year in review of Osteoarthritis Biology will discuss a selection of literature published on this topic in the past 12 months. This selection will be made from publications found in pubmed searches with search terms “osteoarthritis” combined with “cartilage” or “bone” or “inflammation”, limited to original articles published between OARSI congress 2015 and 2016. I-25 YEAR IN REVIEW: CLINICAL N.E. Lane. Univ. Of California At Davis, Ctr. for Musculoskeletal Hlth., Sacramento, CA, USA For this clinical update on osteoarthritis, we performed systemic search from the time period April 1 2015 to March 30 2016 using PubMed to identify major osteoarthritis (OA) clinical research themes of the past year. Articles within each theme were selected for inclusion in this review based on study quality and relevance. This talk will review the major studies that relate to the current understanding of OA as a condition with multiple risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. I-26 YEAR IN REVIEW: OSTEOARTHRITIS GENETICS AND GENOMICS J.B. van Meurs. ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Genetics and genomics is a highly dynamic field, with many novel technological developments that help to identify novel biological pathways involved in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this year in review of genetics and genomics is to highlight and interpret the most important advances made in this field with respect to osteoarthritis. I-27 YEAR IN REVIEW: BIOMARKERS A. Mobasheri y, z. y Univ. of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom; Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
z
King
Purpose: Biomarkers have the capacity to detect early joint degradation in degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). They can provide useful diagnostic and prognostic information by reflecting pathophysiologically relevant biological activity in the joint and predict the course of disease progression. In addition, they can serve as surrogate endpoints in the discovery and development process for disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs). The ‘Year in Review’ Plenary Session at the end of the World Congress on Osteoarthritis has become a well-established tradition. It provides a unique opportunity to build on the reviews from the previous years and summarize the key published papers related to OA biomarkers. The aim of this presentation is to discuss selected ‘wet’ biomarker related papers published between the OARSI 2015 Congress held from 30 April to 3 May 2015 in Seattle, Washington and the OARSI 2016 Congress, which will be held from 31 March to 3 April 2016 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. The presenter will use this opportunity to review on-going 'wet' biomarker-related progress in the OA research community and focus on new biochemical and molecular studies that have advanced knowledge in this area in the previous 12 months. The review will include the results of a PubMed bibliographic search using the terms ‘biomarker’ and ‘osteoarthritis’ and summarize findings from papers published in the most relevant musculoskeletal, orthopaedics and rheumatology journals. Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE bibliographic database was searched using the following keywords: ‘biomarker’ and ‘osteoarthritis’. The PubMed/MEDLINE literature search was conducted using the Advanced Search Builder function (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ advanced) and specifically focused on the period between the 2015 OARSI meeting and the December 2015 deadline for the submission of abstracts for the 2016 congress. Results: Approximately sixty-eight new OA biomarker papers were published at the time this abstract was written (11 December, 2015). It is estimated that another fifty or so papers will be published by the end of March 2015. A small number of these papers are likely to identify new biomarkers whereas others may explore the biological properties and clinical utility of existing markers in greater detail. The biomarkers studied included some of the usual suspects such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), hyaluronic acid (HA), ADAMTS-4, the aggrecan ARGS neo-epitope and the type II collagen markers CTX-II, C2C and COLL2-1NO2. There were specific references to ‘inflammatory biomarkers’ of OA in some papers and several adipocytokine suspects were added to the line-up of offenders including leptin and adiponectin, providing molecular and mechanistic links between obesity and OA. Interestingly, ADAMTS-4 activity in synovial fluid was reported as a biomarker of inflammation and effusion. Serum and synovial fluid resistin was implicated in knee OA. ARGS-aggrecan was also implicated in a localized repair response involving an increase in aggrecan turnover following severe knee trauma. Plasma CCL3 was reported as a potential serum biomarker for knee OA with the capacity to detect preradiographic changes. New biomarker technologies were also developed including a fluoro-microbead guiding chip (FMGC) for measuring CTX-II in serum and urine and a novel magnetic nanoparticle-based technology was described for collecting and concentrating CTX-II, termed magnetic capture. Conclusions: The last 12 months have witnessed solid progress in the area of OA biomarker research. Several novel biomarkers have been identified and new technologies have been developed for measuring existing biomarkers. However, identification of early OA biomarkers remains a challenging and arduous task. Combining advanced imaging techniques and biochemical markers with bioinformatics (i.e. machine learning, clustering, data visualization) should increase the predictive power of new ‘combination biomarkers’ in the future. The refinement of proteomic, metabolomic and immunoassay technologies is also likely to
Abstracts / Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 24 (2016) S1eS7
I-22 OBESITY, ADIPOSITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OA FROM PRECLINICAL RESEARCH T.M. Griffin. Oklahoma Med. Res. Fndn., Oklahoma City, OK, USA Obesity is a significant modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis in both weight bearing and non-weight bearing joints. Multiple mechanisms appear to be responsible for this increased risk, including biomechanical, inflammatory, post-traumatic, genetic, and metabolic factors. In particular, the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, a clustering of multiple metabolic disease conditions, increases the risk of osteoarthritis even when adjusting for body mass index. I will review recent literature on the use of pre-clinical animal models of obesity to study the pathogenesis of obesity-induced osteoarthritis and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in this process. I will focus on high fat diet-induced rodent models obesity and their comparison to genetic models of obesity. A central finding of many of these studies is that increased dietary lipids, adiposity, and lipid metabolism promote osteoarthritis pathology, even independent of weight gain. Adipose tissue inflammation is considered a central mechanism by which obesity increases osteoarthritis risk, and I will present evidence from the literature and our recent findings that explore this link in obese animal models, focusing on systemic versus local sources (e.g., synovium, fat pad, cartilage/subchondral bone). Additional evidence suggests that obesity alters pathways regulating chondrocyte metabolism. I will discuss these findings and present a working model for how obesity-associated changes in chondrocyte metabolism may impair the homeostatic response of chondrocytes to biomechanical and inflammatory stresses. I-23 YEAR IN REVIEW: REHABILITATION AND OUTCOMES M.J. Callaghan. Univ. of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom The purpose of this year in review is to highlight studies examining rehabilitation for osteoarthritis (OA) published between April 2015 and March 2016. We will conduct a systematic search of the literature including studies of hip, hand or knee OA published in English. The search will include systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials investigating rehabilitation interventions. Key words in the search will include osteoarthritis; knee; hip; hand; rehabilitation; physical therapy; physiotherapy; exercise; and acupuncture. This review will highlight those studies which are perceived to have high quality and importance to the field and those that are innovative, inform the direction of the field or generate controversy I-24 YEAR IN REVIEW: OSTEOARTHRITIS BIOLOGY E.N. Blaney Davidson. Radboud Univ. Med. Ctr., Nijmegen, Netherlands The year in review of Osteoarthritis Biology will discuss a selection of literature published on this topic in the past 12 months. This selection will be made from publications found in pubmed searches with search terms “osteoarthritis” combined with “cartilage” or “bone” or “inflammation”, limited to original articles published between OARSI congress 2015 and 2016. I-25 YEAR IN REVIEW: CLINICAL N.E. Lane. Univ. Of California At Davis, Ctr. for Musculoskeletal Hlth., Sacramento, CA, USA For this clinical update on osteoarthritis, we performed systemic search from the time period April 1 2015 to March 30 2016 using PubMed to identify major osteoarthritis (OA) clinical research themes of the past year. Articles within each theme were selected for inclusion in this review based on study quality and relevance. This talk will review the major studies that relate to the current understanding of OA as a condition with multiple risk factors, pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations. I-26 YEAR IN REVIEW: OSTEOARTHRITIS GENETICS AND GENOMICS J.B. van Meurs. ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
Genetics and genomics is a highly dynamic field, with many novel technological developments that help to identify novel biological pathways involved in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. The purpose of this year in review of genetics and genomics is to highlight and interpret the most important advances made in this field with respect to osteoarthritis. I-27 YEAR IN REVIEW: BIOMARKERS A. Mobasheri y, z. y Univ. of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom; Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
z
King
Purpose: Biomarkers have the capacity to detect early joint degradation in degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). They can provide useful diagnostic and prognostic information by reflecting pathophysiologically relevant biological activity in the joint and predict the course of disease progression. In addition, they can serve as surrogate endpoints in the discovery and development process for disease modifying osteoarthritis drugs (DMOADs). The ‘Year in Review’ Plenary Session at the end of the World Congress on Osteoarthritis has become a well-established tradition. It provides a unique opportunity to build on the reviews from the previous years and summarize the key published papers related to OA biomarkers. The aim of this presentation is to discuss selected ‘wet’ biomarker related papers published between the OARSI 2015 Congress held from 30 April to 3 May 2015 in Seattle, Washington and the OARSI 2016 Congress, which will be held from 31 March to 3 April 2016 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. The presenter will use this opportunity to review on-going 'wet' biomarker-related progress in the OA research community and focus on new biochemical and molecular studies that have advanced knowledge in this area in the previous 12 months. The review will include the results of a PubMed bibliographic search using the terms ‘biomarker’ and ‘osteoarthritis’ and summarize findings from papers published in the most relevant musculoskeletal, orthopaedics and rheumatology journals. Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE bibliographic database was searched using the following keywords: ‘biomarker’ and ‘osteoarthritis’. The PubMed/MEDLINE literature search was conducted using the Advanced Search Builder function (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ advanced) and specifically focused on the period between the 2015 OARSI meeting and the December 2015 deadline for the submission of abstracts for the 2016 congress. Results: Approximately sixty-eight new OA biomarker papers were published at the time this abstract was written (11 December, 2015). It is estimated that another fifty or so papers will be published by the end of March 2015. A small number of these papers are likely to identify new biomarkers whereas others may explore the biological properties and clinical utility of existing markers in greater detail. The biomarkers studied included some of the usual suspects such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), hyaluronic acid (HA), ADAMTS-4, the aggrecan ARGS neo-epitope and the type II collagen markers CTX-II, C2C and COLL2-1NO2. There were specific references to ‘inflammatory biomarkers’ of OA in some papers and several adipocytokine suspects were added to the line-up of offenders including leptin and adiponectin, providing molecular and mechanistic links between obesity and OA. Interestingly, ADAMTS-4 activity in synovial fluid was reported as a biomarker of inflammation and effusion. Serum and synovial fluid resistin was implicated in knee OA. ARGS-aggrecan was also implicated in a localized repair response involving an increase in aggrecan turnover following severe knee trauma. Plasma CCL3 was reported as a potential serum biomarker for knee OA with the capacity to detect preradiographic changes. New biomarker technologies were also developed including a fluoro-microbead guiding chip (FMGC) for measuring CTX-II in serum and urine and a novel magnetic nanoparticle-based technology was described for collecting and concentrating CTX-II, termed magnetic capture. Conclusions: The last 12 months have witnessed solid progress in the area of OA biomarker research. Several novel biomarkers have been identified and new technologies have been developed for measuring existing biomarkers. However, identification of early OA biomarkers remains a challenging and arduous task. Combining advanced imaging techniques and biochemical markers with bioinformatics (i.e. machine learning, clustering, data visualization) should increase the predictive power of new ‘combination biomarkers’ in the future. The refinement of proteomic, metabolomic and immunoassay technologies is also likely to