- Email: [email protected]
87:6176 Long waves in the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic oceans during 1983
938
B. MarineMeteorology
Phys. (a translation of Fiz. A tmos. Okeana), 22(5):348-354. A three-component zonal model of the Earth's climate, based on thermohydrodynamic equations of the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial ice cover, is proposed. The ocean model is generalized as a basin of arbitrary shape, and wind circulation in the ocean and the effect of iceberg calving on the heat and mass budget are taken into account. Calculations for the present climate are compared with empirical data. Inst. of Oceanol., Acad. of Sci., USSR.
BI40. Air-sea interactions 87:6172 Chen, Mingxuan, 1987. On the influence of sea sm'face temperature on the NW Pacific subtropical high. Acta oceanol, sin., 6(1):80-86. Monthly SSTs of 13 strong ocean-current areas and 15 subtropical highs are analyzed; characteristics of the time-space variation of high-correlation areas are discussed. On the basis of a preliminary analysis of the possible physical mechanism for several related phenomena, it is concluded that SST affects subtropical highs in a variety of ways. Inst. of Weather and Climate, Acad. of Meteorol. Sci., Beijing, People's Republic of China. 87:6173 Golitsyn, G.S. and A.A. Grachov, 1986. Free convection of multi-component media and parameterization of air-sea interaction at light winds. Ocean-air Interactions, 1(1):57-78. A review of the authors' theoretical and experimental results published in Russian during the last 5 years, with additional data from field observations of fluxes over lakes, seas, and open ocean, is presented. The temperature-time dependence of a fluid cooling and evaporating from the surface was determined using parameterizations of the convective heat and mass transfer; laboratory and field data were in agreement with the results. The parameterizations are recommended to calculate fluxes of sensible and latent heat at no and light winds when the bulk method works poorly. Inst. of Atmos. Phys., Acad. of Sci., Moscow 109017, USSR. (llt) 87:6174 Kagan, B.A. and N.B. Maslova, 1986. Estimate of the effect of interaction of the carbon and thermodynamic cycles in the ocean-atmosphere system. Soy. Met. Hydrol. (a translation of Meteorologiya Gidrol.), 10:42-49.
OLR(1987)34(11)
An approximate analytical solution is obtained for the problem of the combined temporal evolution of the carbon and thermodynamic cycles in the oceanatmosphere system. Variation of the thermal regime has practically no effect on excess carbon content in the individual links of the climate system. Inst. of Oceanogr., USSR. 87:6175 Katsaros, K.B., S.D. Smith and W.A. Oost, 1987. HEXOS---Hnmidity Exchange Over the Sea---a program for research on water-vapor and droplet fluxes from sea to air at moderate to high wind speeds. Bull. Am. met. Soc., 68(5):466-476. The program includes measurements in the field at moderate-to-high wind speeds, wind-tunnel studies, instrument development, boundary-layer modeling, and subsequent development of parameterization for use in synoptic and climatic models of the atmosphere and ocean. Accomplishments of the program are (1) a wind-tunnel study of flow distortion around the Dutch research platform, Meetpost Noordwijk, (2) a pilot experiment at this platform, and (3) an investigation of processes near the air-sea interface in a wind-wave simulation tunnel. The main field experiment, taking place at and around the Noordwijk platform, includes measurements of fluxes of water vapor, spray droplets, sensible heat, and momentum, as well as the structure of the planetary boundary layer and the state of the sea. Dept. of Atmos. Sci., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 87:6176 Legeckis, Richard, 1986. Long waves in the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic oceans during 1983. Oceanair Interactions, 1(1): 1-10. NOAA-7 satellite multichannel infrared measurements of westward moving equatorial long waves on the northern side of the equatorial band in both the Atlantic and Pacific during 1983 are presented 'to illustrate equatorial long wave characteristics as viewed from space.' The data reveal that one to two months before the formation of the waves a tongue of colder water develops along the Equator and a tongue of warmer water appears at 8°S lat. Separation between long wave peaks is ~1000 kin. In the Pacific, phase speeds are 23-46 km/day with two exceptions, in the Atlantic phase speeds are 18-42 kin/day. In both oceans phase speeds decrease before the end of the wave events. The Pacific waves, however, are of longer duration and zonal extent than those in the Atlantic, where there is a packet of a few waves with an eastward group velocity. Natl. Environ. Satellite, Data and Info. Serv., Washington, DC 20233, USA. (hbf)
B. MarineMeteorology
Phys. (a translation of Fiz. A tmos. Okeana), 22(5):348-354. A three-component zonal model of the Earth's climate, based on thermohydrodynamic equations of the atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial ice cover, is proposed. The ocean model is generalized as a basin of arbitrary shape, and wind circulation in the ocean and the effect of iceberg calving on the heat and mass budget are taken into account. Calculations for the present climate are compared with empirical data. Inst. of Oceanol., Acad. of Sci., USSR.
BI40. Air-sea interactions 87:6172 Chen, Mingxuan, 1987. On the influence of sea sm'face temperature on the NW Pacific subtropical high. Acta oceanol, sin., 6(1):80-86. Monthly SSTs of 13 strong ocean-current areas and 15 subtropical highs are analyzed; characteristics of the time-space variation of high-correlation areas are discussed. On the basis of a preliminary analysis of the possible physical mechanism for several related phenomena, it is concluded that SST affects subtropical highs in a variety of ways. Inst. of Weather and Climate, Acad. of Meteorol. Sci., Beijing, People's Republic of China. 87:6173 Golitsyn, G.S. and A.A. Grachov, 1986. Free convection of multi-component media and parameterization of air-sea interaction at light winds. Ocean-air Interactions, 1(1):57-78. A review of the authors' theoretical and experimental results published in Russian during the last 5 years, with additional data from field observations of fluxes over lakes, seas, and open ocean, is presented. The temperature-time dependence of a fluid cooling and evaporating from the surface was determined using parameterizations of the convective heat and mass transfer; laboratory and field data were in agreement with the results. The parameterizations are recommended to calculate fluxes of sensible and latent heat at no and light winds when the bulk method works poorly. Inst. of Atmos. Phys., Acad. of Sci., Moscow 109017, USSR. (llt) 87:6174 Kagan, B.A. and N.B. Maslova, 1986. Estimate of the effect of interaction of the carbon and thermodynamic cycles in the ocean-atmosphere system. Soy. Met. Hydrol. (a translation of Meteorologiya Gidrol.), 10:42-49.
OLR(1987)34(11)
An approximate analytical solution is obtained for the problem of the combined temporal evolution of the carbon and thermodynamic cycles in the oceanatmosphere system. Variation of the thermal regime has practically no effect on excess carbon content in the individual links of the climate system. Inst. of Oceanogr., USSR. 87:6175 Katsaros, K.B., S.D. Smith and W.A. Oost, 1987. HEXOS---Hnmidity Exchange Over the Sea---a program for research on water-vapor and droplet fluxes from sea to air at moderate to high wind speeds. Bull. Am. met. Soc., 68(5):466-476. The program includes measurements in the field at moderate-to-high wind speeds, wind-tunnel studies, instrument development, boundary-layer modeling, and subsequent development of parameterization for use in synoptic and climatic models of the atmosphere and ocean. Accomplishments of the program are (1) a wind-tunnel study of flow distortion around the Dutch research platform, Meetpost Noordwijk, (2) a pilot experiment at this platform, and (3) an investigation of processes near the air-sea interface in a wind-wave simulation tunnel. The main field experiment, taking place at and around the Noordwijk platform, includes measurements of fluxes of water vapor, spray droplets, sensible heat, and momentum, as well as the structure of the planetary boundary layer and the state of the sea. Dept. of Atmos. Sci., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. 87:6176 Legeckis, Richard, 1986. Long waves in the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic oceans during 1983. Oceanair Interactions, 1(1): 1-10. NOAA-7 satellite multichannel infrared measurements of westward moving equatorial long waves on the northern side of the equatorial band in both the Atlantic and Pacific during 1983 are presented 'to illustrate equatorial long wave characteristics as viewed from space.' The data reveal that one to two months before the formation of the waves a tongue of colder water develops along the Equator and a tongue of warmer water appears at 8°S lat. Separation between long wave peaks is ~1000 kin. In the Pacific, phase speeds are 23-46 km/day with two exceptions, in the Atlantic phase speeds are 18-42 kin/day. In both oceans phase speeds decrease before the end of the wave events. The Pacific waves, however, are of longer duration and zonal extent than those in the Atlantic, where there is a packet of a few waves with an eastward group velocity. Natl. Environ. Satellite, Data and Info. Serv., Washington, DC 20233, USA. (hbf)