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Defromation of rocks under uniaxial tension.-Tensile tests on sandstone, limestone and granite
29A
Strength characteristics See a l s o abet;z-e~: 427.
A ~ N S O N , RH A cubical test cell fc~ ~Altiaxiel teatimg of materials. Report. 78F,Refs. UNIV. C0~/3~/~,BOULDER, USA, 1972, 206P. The design, fabrication amd testi~ of a ~ew device developed to reduce the effects of boundary conditioms in de%~a~imim~ the l~%ysical properties c~ co~itutive relatiom~ for elastic amisot~opic material, are described 2~2 ~YCH, J UNIV. LAVAL, QUEBEC, CDN HUC~A,V UNIV. LAVAL,,~EHEC, CDN A mew test for dlslnte~rability of eoal;-An aaalysie of im-situ p e ~ a t i o ~ tests carried out in coal mimes in Belgium, amd stremgth %est results in relation to distar~e from a grogye~8F,1T,SR. Y/~.J.ROCK MECH .MIN.SCI.VIO,I~, 1973, P559-566.
z~3 MAKAROV, IV SI]~.STAT~ PLANNING INST.MIN.MACH.SU Contact stre=gth of rocks. IF, IT, TR. SOVIET MIN. SCI.V8, N6,1972, P673-676. The breakID~ s ~ l ~ t h of rocks is sometimes assessed from their eomlmm% ~ . The latter is defi~l as t h e ratio of t h e fcm-ee ~ e s s i m g a punch into a rock mass to the contact area of the punsh and expressed as k ~ q . ~ . The paper compares t h i s inde~ with the l~iucipal stremgth i~lices of rocks. The results of experiments show that the contact ~ e m g ~ h is suitable far imvestlgation of eom~essive stresses, but not shear ~ beetling stresses. It also cannot be used for determiniDg the eDergy cons~on of rock breathe because this requires a knowledge of slip --z1es. DHIR, RK U N I V . D U ~ , SCOTLAND, GB ~,CM UNIV. DU~D~, SCOTLAND, GB Relatlon-~ps between size, deformation amd stremgth for eylimdrieal speclmems loaded in umiaxial c~npresslon.-Tests carried out on samdstone ard c omcre%e~ 13F,2T,35R. I~T.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .VI0,~6,1973, P699-712.
z45 GLUSH~0,VT R U ~ S , GT SW~eDghh distribution in hard rock. Discussion of paper by B. Kostak ax~ H.U. Bielenstein, Int;J. Rock Mech;Min;Sci~VS,1971. 6R. I~T.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI.VI0,~6,1973, P763-766.
2~6 STAVNITSER,LR KARPUSHINA, ZS Dym~m'le trisxlal tests of sar~ soils. 5F. SOIL MECH . ~ A T I O N E~.VI0, HI, 1973, P42-~. In order to guarantee reliability of fou~ations which can be affected ~y dymamic forces, it is necessary to eatabliah the effect of vibration on t h e bearimg capacity of t h e soil, partle~larly on t h e s t z ' e ~ charsc~eristics: t h e ~ g ~ e of im%~rnal fric%ion and the specific cohesion. The au1~hcrs have corrluc~ed laboratory experiments to compare the results of tris~ial tests on idem%leal soil samples u~der some static loads and umder s~-,,itareous ~ c stresses. The tests were carried ou% in t h e normal rn~_,'m~ but t h e stability meter was equipped with a device for creating supplementary dy-~m~c stresses acting on t h e specimen simultaneously with t h e static load.
SHAPOSHNIKOV,MA K I ~ S I O ~ C K , PL SIDOROV, NN E~fact of pe~etrce~ter cone frictiOn upon t h e stre~ ~haracteristies of peat. 3F,2T,4R. SOIL ~ C H . ~ O N ENG.VIO, Nl,197~,~6"~ 9. An experimental verification is presented of previous studies which take into account the cone friction in the. de~ez~mlnation of the stz'e~gth ~rac~eristics of umdist~rbed s a t ' u r a t e d . ~eat, by a method usimg combined rotary cutting and soundlmg tests. The inveatigatio~ were carried ou% at five testir~ areas, located at different places of the same sphagtmr" abr~by- grass~ mierolamdscape of t h e gently sloping unlraimed UPper L,~-m,'Insuo bog.
Shear deformation characteristics 2~ HAWKES, I CHEARE INC.HANOVER,~ HAMPSHIrE,USA MELLOR,M US ARMY C.R.R.E.L.N~ HAMPShIRE, USA GARIEPY, S US AR4Y C.R.R.E.L.NE~ HAMPSHIRE,USA Deformation of rocks u~der uniaxial tensions-Tensile tests on sandstone, limestone a~i granite. 18F,~T, 17R. IRT.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .Vl0,~6,1973, ~ - 5 0 7 .
249 A~GSON, JR B~. MINES. DENV~q, CGLO .USA NICHOLS, TC GEGL. SURVEY.DENVer, oGLe.uSA FAEROW, RA GECL. S~TV~Y.DENVer, COLO.USA Absolute stress measurements s~ the Ramgely Antielime. Discussions of paper by R.V.De la Cruz amd C.B. Raleigh, Int.J. Rock Mech.Min.Sei. V.9.1972, aml authors reply. 2F,3T,I~R. I~T .J .ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .VlO,~6,1973, P7~9-760.
250 PENG, SS BUR.MI~ES.TWIN CITIES,MIeN.USA Stresses within elastic cylinders loaded umiaxially and triaxi~y. Authors reply to a discussion of his ~igimal paper.Int.J.Rock Mech.Min. Sci,V. 8,1971. IT, 1R. INT.J .ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .V10,~6,1973, F761-762.
25z ANDRAWES, KZ ~. STRATHCLYDE,GLASC~, GB EL-SOHBY, MA UNIV.AZHAR, CAIRO,ET Factors affectimg coefficient of earth l~essure. 7F, 2T, 19R.
J.SOIL ~ . ~ o . D ~ . v g 9 ,
~ , 197B,P527-539.
The factors affectimg the value of the earth pressure coefficient may be divided into two groups: the effect of theapplied strain co~lltioms amd the effect of t h e ~hYsical properties of the material. Test procedure for determimaT~ion of the coefficient of earth pressure by t h e interpolation mehhod is described amd t h e advantages of this method are considered.
Granular materials and influence of interlocking 252
GAEBHECI~,D INST.BC~EN. FELSMECH. KAELSRUHE,D @rain breakage in irregular ~ e g a t e s of elastic rigid spheres. In German. 51F,79R. UNIV .FRIDERICANA, INST .BaDE~CH. FELSMECH. KAHLSRb~HE,
~6, z ~ , ~P. The paper refers to grain breakage in cohesiomless soils o~ter, l ~ g h stresses amd its influence on t h e mechanical behaviour of such soils. Experiments were carried ou~ on cylimdrical samples of glass spheres (equal diameter) under t h e cord/tions of hydrostatic com~wesslon (up to maxi~n l ~ e s ~ e s of 450 Kp/sq.~m) amd of triaxisl shear (strain controlled axial defo~ma-
Strength characteristics See a l s o abet;z-e~: 427.
A ~ N S O N , RH A cubical test cell fc~ ~Altiaxiel teatimg of materials. Report. 78F,Refs. UNIV. C0~/3~/~,BOULDER, USA, 1972, 206P. The design, fabrication amd testi~ of a ~ew device developed to reduce the effects of boundary conditioms in de%~a~imim~ the l~%ysical properties c~ co~itutive relatiom~ for elastic amisot~opic material, are described 2~2 ~YCH, J UNIV. LAVAL, QUEBEC, CDN HUC~A,V UNIV. LAVAL,,~EHEC, CDN A mew test for dlslnte~rability of eoal;-An aaalysie of im-situ p e ~ a t i o ~ tests carried out in coal mimes in Belgium, amd stremgth %est results in relation to distar~e from a grogye~8F,1T,SR. Y/~.J.ROCK MECH .MIN.SCI.VIO,I~, 1973, P559-566.
z~3 MAKAROV, IV SI]~.STAT~ PLANNING INST.MIN.MACH.SU Contact stre=gth of rocks. IF, IT, TR. SOVIET MIN. SCI.V8, N6,1972, P673-676. The breakID~ s ~ l ~ t h of rocks is sometimes assessed from their eomlmm% ~ . The latter is defi~l as t h e ratio of t h e fcm-ee ~ e s s i m g a punch into a rock mass to the contact area of the punsh and expressed as k ~ q . ~ . The paper compares t h i s inde~ with the l~iucipal stremgth i~lices of rocks. The results of experiments show that the contact ~ e m g ~ h is suitable far imvestlgation of eom~essive stresses, but not shear ~ beetling stresses. It also cannot be used for determiniDg the eDergy cons~on of rock breathe because this requires a knowledge of slip --z1es. DHIR, RK U N I V . D U ~ , SCOTLAND, GB ~,CM UNIV. DU~D~, SCOTLAND, GB Relatlon-~ps between size, deformation amd stremgth for eylimdrieal speclmems loaded in umiaxial c~npresslon.-Tests carried out on samdstone ard c omcre%e~ 13F,2T,35R. I~T.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .VI0,~6,1973, P699-712.
z45 GLUSH~0,VT R U ~ S , GT SW~eDghh distribution in hard rock. Discussion of paper by B. Kostak ax~ H.U. Bielenstein, Int;J. Rock Mech;Min;Sci~VS,1971. 6R. I~T.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI.VI0,~6,1973, P763-766.
2~6 STAVNITSER,LR KARPUSHINA, ZS Dym~m'le trisxlal tests of sar~ soils. 5F. SOIL MECH . ~ A T I O N E~.VI0, HI, 1973, P42-~. In order to guarantee reliability of fou~ations which can be affected ~y dymamic forces, it is necessary to eatabliah the effect of vibration on t h e bearimg capacity of t h e soil, partle~larly on t h e s t z ' e ~ charsc~eristics: t h e ~ g ~ e of im%~rnal fric%ion and the specific cohesion. The au1~hcrs have corrluc~ed laboratory experiments to compare the results of tris~ial tests on idem%leal soil samples u~der some static loads and umder s~-,,itareous ~ c stresses. The tests were carried ou% in t h e normal rn~_,'m~ but t h e stability meter was equipped with a device for creating supplementary dy-~m~c stresses acting on t h e specimen simultaneously with t h e static load.
SHAPOSHNIKOV,MA K I ~ S I O ~ C K , PL SIDOROV, NN E~fact of pe~etrce~ter cone frictiOn upon t h e stre~ ~haracteristies of peat. 3F,2T,4R. SOIL ~ C H . ~ O N ENG.VIO, Nl,197~,~6"~ 9. An experimental verification is presented of previous studies which take into account the cone friction in the. de~ez~mlnation of the stz'e~gth ~rac~eristics of umdist~rbed s a t ' u r a t e d . ~eat, by a method usimg combined rotary cutting and soundlmg tests. The inveatigatio~ were carried ou% at five testir~ areas, located at different places of the same sphagtmr" abr~by- grass~ mierolamdscape of t h e gently sloping unlraimed UPper L,~-m,'Insuo bog.
Shear deformation characteristics 2~ HAWKES, I CHEARE INC.HANOVER,~ HAMPSHIrE,USA MELLOR,M US ARMY C.R.R.E.L.N~ HAMPShIRE, USA GARIEPY, S US AR4Y C.R.R.E.L.NE~ HAMPSHIRE,USA Deformation of rocks u~der uniaxial tensions-Tensile tests on sandstone, limestone a~i granite. 18F,~T, 17R. IRT.J.ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .Vl0,~6,1973, ~ - 5 0 7 .
249 A~GSON, JR B~. MINES. DENV~q, CGLO .USA NICHOLS, TC GEGL. SURVEY.DENVer, oGLe.uSA FAEROW, RA GECL. S~TV~Y.DENVer, COLO.USA Absolute stress measurements s~ the Ramgely Antielime. Discussions of paper by R.V.De la Cruz amd C.B. Raleigh, Int.J. Rock Mech.Min.Sei. V.9.1972, aml authors reply. 2F,3T,I~R. I~T .J .ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .VlO,~6,1973, P7~9-760.
250 PENG, SS BUR.MI~ES.TWIN CITIES,MIeN.USA Stresses within elastic cylinders loaded umiaxially and triaxi~y. Authors reply to a discussion of his ~igimal paper.Int.J.Rock Mech.Min. Sci,V. 8,1971. IT, 1R. INT.J .ROCK MECH.MIN. SCI .V10,~6,1973, F761-762.
25z ANDRAWES, KZ ~. STRATHCLYDE,GLASC~, GB EL-SOHBY, MA UNIV.AZHAR, CAIRO,ET Factors affectimg coefficient of earth l~essure. 7F, 2T, 19R.
J.SOIL ~ . ~ o . D ~ . v g 9 ,
~ , 197B,P527-539.
The factors affectimg the value of the earth pressure coefficient may be divided into two groups: the effect of theapplied strain co~lltioms amd the effect of t h e ~hYsical properties of the material. Test procedure for determimaT~ion of the coefficient of earth pressure by t h e interpolation mehhod is described amd t h e advantages of this method are considered.
Granular materials and influence of interlocking 252
GAEBHECI~,D INST.BC~EN. FELSMECH. KAELSRUHE,D @rain breakage in irregular ~ e g a t e s of elastic rigid spheres. In German. 51F,79R. UNIV .FRIDERICANA, INST .BaDE~CH. FELSMECH. KAHLSRb~HE,
~6, z ~ , ~P. The paper refers to grain breakage in cohesiomless soils o~ter, l ~ g h stresses amd its influence on t h e mechanical behaviour of such soils. Experiments were carried ou~ on cylimdrical samples of glass spheres (equal diameter) under t h e cord/tions of hydrostatic com~wesslon (up to maxi~n l ~ e s ~ e s of 450 Kp/sq.~m) amd of triaxisl shear (strain controlled axial defo~ma-