- Email: [email protected]
HIG-1 (hypoxia induced gene 1) expression pattern in Central Nervous System. Contribution to understand its functional significance
Abstracts / Int. J. Devl Neuroscience 47 (2015) 1–131
malize with normalized weight. Oligodendrocyte density was permanently affected by IUGR, and correlated to birth weight (P < 0.0001). Neuronal cell densities were unaffected in the CC (P < 0.115), but were decreased in the Hippocampus by IUGR (P < 0.005). Myelinated and unmyelinated fibres in the CC were also investigated. Behavioural data were performed on moderately affected animals only (for mild, see Faulkner/Ruff poster). IUGR animals exhibited increased paw print intensity (P < 0.05) and differences in print area measurements (P < 0.01) which persisted into adulthood. Transient differences in stride length, swing speed and print positions (all P < 0.05) were also evident. This model of IUGR demonstrates reproducible deficits in birth weight, brain histology and persistent but subtle behavioural abnormalities mimicking human phenotype. This model is suitable for exploring novel stem cell based therapeutics for spastic diplegic CP resulting from PI. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.169 ISDN2014 0206 HIG-1 (hypoxia induced gene 1) expression pattern in Central Nervous System. Contribution to understand its functional significance L. López 1 , I. Sosa 1 , M.J. Zuluaga 2 , D. Agrati 2 , P. Lagos 3 , F.R. Zolessi 4,5 , G. Bedó 1,∗ 1 Sec. Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 2 Sec. Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 3 Depto. de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 4 Sec. Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 5 Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Bedó).
Looking for changes in gene expression during early postnatal maturation of Central Nervous System (CNS), we characterized rat Hypoxia-induced gene 1. HIG-1 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein expressed in several physiological and pathological conditions as well as in response to microenvironmental stresses, suggesting a role in differentiation processes and cell death/survival balance. An anti-apoptotic role, as a result of the inhibition of cytochrome C release and caspase activity, has been demonstrated. Based on these evidences, the present study aimed to further characterize HIG-1 expression pattern in rat CNS and to gain knowledge on its function in zebrafish model. In rat spinal cord, we describe a shift in cellular distribution from neurons at P1 to glial cells at P90. In rat brain, Western blot analysis revealed an increase in HIG-1 levels in cerebral cortex as a function of age from P1 to P15, while in the hypothalamus slight differences were observed between male and female levels. Complementary immunohistochemical analysis in P8 male rat brain slices showed a wide distribution of this protein with stronger staining in discrete areas such as endopiriform nucleus and striatum. As a first approach to HIG-1 function, we assessed the effect of gene knockdown in zebrafish embryos using a splicing Morpholino oligo (MO). Anatomical abnormalities were observed, albeit only at high injection doses. Preliminary analyzes of MO injected embryos at 30 hpf, evaluated by confocal microscopy, show an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, mainly located at the neural crest-derived head mesenchyme. Since cartilage tissue differentiates from neural crest cells, craniofacial cartilage development
61
was analyzed in treated larvae, ratifying the existence of severe alterations. Together these results support the idea that HIG-1 is imply in CNS maturation and has a role in setting destination of neural cells and in differentiation of neural crest cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.170 ISDN2014 0207 The influence of aerobic fitness on strategic, behavioral, & neuroelectric indices of arithmetic cognition in children R. Davis Moore ∗ , Eric S. Drollette, Mark R. Scudder, Aashiv Bharij, Charles H. Hillman University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Davis Moore). Arithmetic proficiency plays an important role in everyday life and is a critical skill set for children to master. The current study investigated the influence of aerobic fitness on arithmetic cognition in forty 9–10 year old children. Measures included a standardized mathematics achievement test to assess conceptual and computational knowledge, self-reported strategy selection, and an experimental arithmetic verification task (including small and large addition problems), which afforded the measurement of eventrelated brain potentials (ERPs). No differences in math achievement were observed as a function of fitness level, but all children performed better on math concepts relative to math computation. Higher fit children reported using retrieval more often to solve large arithmetic problems, relative to lower fit children. During the arithmetic verification task, higher fit children exhibited superior performance for large problems, as evidenced by greater d’ scores, and all children exhibited decreased accuracy and longer reaction time for large relative to small problems, and incorrect relative to correct solutions. On the electrophysiological level, modulations of early (P1, N170) and late ERP components (P3, N400) were observed as a function of problem size and solution correctness. Higher fit children exhibited selective modulations for N170, P3 and N400 amplitude relative to lower fit children, suggesting that fitness influences symbolic encoding, attentional resource allocation and semantic processing during arithmetic tasks. The current study contributes to the fitness-cognition literature by demonstrating that the benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness extend to arithmetic cognition, which has important implications for the educational environment and the context of learning. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.171 ISDN2014 0208 The persistent influence of pediatric concussion on behavioral and neural indices of attention and cognitive control R. Davis Moore 1,∗ , Dominika M. Pindus 2 , Lauren B. Raine 1 , Eric S. Drollette 1 , Mark R. Scudder 1 , Charles H. Hillman 1 1 The university of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA 2 Loughborough University, UK E-mail address: [email protected] (R.D. Moore).
Whereas increased efforts have been dedicated towards understanding neurocognitive outcomes of concussive injuries in adults,
malize with normalized weight. Oligodendrocyte density was permanently affected by IUGR, and correlated to birth weight (P < 0.0001). Neuronal cell densities were unaffected in the CC (P < 0.115), but were decreased in the Hippocampus by IUGR (P < 0.005). Myelinated and unmyelinated fibres in the CC were also investigated. Behavioural data were performed on moderately affected animals only (for mild, see Faulkner/Ruff poster). IUGR animals exhibited increased paw print intensity (P < 0.05) and differences in print area measurements (P < 0.01) which persisted into adulthood. Transient differences in stride length, swing speed and print positions (all P < 0.05) were also evident. This model of IUGR demonstrates reproducible deficits in birth weight, brain histology and persistent but subtle behavioural abnormalities mimicking human phenotype. This model is suitable for exploring novel stem cell based therapeutics for spastic diplegic CP resulting from PI. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.169 ISDN2014 0206 HIG-1 (hypoxia induced gene 1) expression pattern in Central Nervous System. Contribution to understand its functional significance L. López 1 , I. Sosa 1 , M.J. Zuluaga 2 , D. Agrati 2 , P. Lagos 3 , F.R. Zolessi 4,5 , G. Bedó 1,∗ 1 Sec. Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 2 Sec. Fisiología y Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 3 Depto. de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 4 Sec. Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 5 Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay E-mail address: [email protected] (G. Bedó).
Looking for changes in gene expression during early postnatal maturation of Central Nervous System (CNS), we characterized rat Hypoxia-induced gene 1. HIG-1 is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein expressed in several physiological and pathological conditions as well as in response to microenvironmental stresses, suggesting a role in differentiation processes and cell death/survival balance. An anti-apoptotic role, as a result of the inhibition of cytochrome C release and caspase activity, has been demonstrated. Based on these evidences, the present study aimed to further characterize HIG-1 expression pattern in rat CNS and to gain knowledge on its function in zebrafish model. In rat spinal cord, we describe a shift in cellular distribution from neurons at P1 to glial cells at P90. In rat brain, Western blot analysis revealed an increase in HIG-1 levels in cerebral cortex as a function of age from P1 to P15, while in the hypothalamus slight differences were observed between male and female levels. Complementary immunohistochemical analysis in P8 male rat brain slices showed a wide distribution of this protein with stronger staining in discrete areas such as endopiriform nucleus and striatum. As a first approach to HIG-1 function, we assessed the effect of gene knockdown in zebrafish embryos using a splicing Morpholino oligo (MO). Anatomical abnormalities were observed, albeit only at high injection doses. Preliminary analyzes of MO injected embryos at 30 hpf, evaluated by confocal microscopy, show an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, mainly located at the neural crest-derived head mesenchyme. Since cartilage tissue differentiates from neural crest cells, craniofacial cartilage development
61
was analyzed in treated larvae, ratifying the existence of severe alterations. Together these results support the idea that HIG-1 is imply in CNS maturation and has a role in setting destination of neural cells and in differentiation of neural crest cells. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.170 ISDN2014 0207 The influence of aerobic fitness on strategic, behavioral, & neuroelectric indices of arithmetic cognition in children R. Davis Moore ∗ , Eric S. Drollette, Mark R. Scudder, Aashiv Bharij, Charles H. Hillman University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA E-mail address: [email protected] (R. Davis Moore). Arithmetic proficiency plays an important role in everyday life and is a critical skill set for children to master. The current study investigated the influence of aerobic fitness on arithmetic cognition in forty 9–10 year old children. Measures included a standardized mathematics achievement test to assess conceptual and computational knowledge, self-reported strategy selection, and an experimental arithmetic verification task (including small and large addition problems), which afforded the measurement of eventrelated brain potentials (ERPs). No differences in math achievement were observed as a function of fitness level, but all children performed better on math concepts relative to math computation. Higher fit children reported using retrieval more often to solve large arithmetic problems, relative to lower fit children. During the arithmetic verification task, higher fit children exhibited superior performance for large problems, as evidenced by greater d’ scores, and all children exhibited decreased accuracy and longer reaction time for large relative to small problems, and incorrect relative to correct solutions. On the electrophysiological level, modulations of early (P1, N170) and late ERP components (P3, N400) were observed as a function of problem size and solution correctness. Higher fit children exhibited selective modulations for N170, P3 and N400 amplitude relative to lower fit children, suggesting that fitness influences symbolic encoding, attentional resource allocation and semantic processing during arithmetic tasks. The current study contributes to the fitness-cognition literature by demonstrating that the benefits of cardiorespiratory fitness extend to arithmetic cognition, which has important implications for the educational environment and the context of learning. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.171 ISDN2014 0208 The persistent influence of pediatric concussion on behavioral and neural indices of attention and cognitive control R. Davis Moore 1,∗ , Dominika M. Pindus 2 , Lauren B. Raine 1 , Eric S. Drollette 1 , Mark R. Scudder 1 , Charles H. Hillman 1 1 The university of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA 2 Loughborough University, UK E-mail address: [email protected] (R.D. Moore).
Whereas increased efforts have been dedicated towards understanding neurocognitive outcomes of concussive injuries in adults,