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Innovative mud additives developed from industrial wastes
ROCK BREAKAGEBLASTING theory, were assumed instead of the non-Newtonian (from Authors)
system.
955230 Fracture treatment design to overcome severe near-wellbore damage, Mereenie Field, Australia A. Papinczak & W. K. Miller II, SPE Production & Facilities, 9(4), 1994, pp 249-256. The Mereenie field, located about 185 miles west of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia, consists of a large gas cap surrounded by a narrow oil rim. Pressuretransient analysis and production characteristics of early wells indicated increasingly high levels of near-wellbore damage, discovered later to be associated with fines migration and an extensive illite. clay network. In an attempt to overcome this impairment, seven hydraulic fracturing treatments were performed between 1983 and 1987; however, postfracture results were disappointing. During 1991-92, seven additional treatments were performed to achieve a tip screenout (TSO) to form a short, highly conductive flow path to bypass the damage. These resulted in a significant increase in production, an upgrade in the field’s recoverable reserves, and additional development drilling. (from Authors) 955231 Cardox system brings benefits in the mining of large coal ANON, Coal International, 243(l), 1995, pp 27-28. This application study shows how the Cardox System is being used in place of conventional explosives in countries as far apart as Turkey and Columbia. The method, which depends on the instantaneous release of large quantities of gaseous carbon dioxide within a shothole, can, in many cases, provide a high yield of lumpy coal, without undue production of tines. (Author) 955232 Properties of soundless chemical demolition agents J. Hinze 8c J. Brown, Journal of Construction Engineering & Management - ASCE, 120(4), 1994, pp 816-827. Soundless chemical demolition agents (SCDAs) have proven to be viable substitutes for the use of explosives. SCDAs are powdery materials that will expand considerably when mixed with water. This expansion, when occurring under confinement, generates significant expansive pressure sufficient to break up rock and concrete when the SCDA is confined in a borehole of a series of boreholes. Experiments have been conducted with SCDAs to learn more about those variables that tend to hamper or enhance SCDA performance. Results show that the amount of mixing water and the ambient temperature are the most important variables in influencing the generation of SCDA expansive pressures. (from Authors)
Drilling 955233 Exploration in permafrost J. Chadwick, Mining Magazine, 172(2), 1995, pp 103,105. Drilling conditions experienced at Cominco’s Polaris mine in Northwest Territories, Canada are described. The area is a cold desert with winter minimums of -40 to -50°C and precipitation levels similar to the Sahara. The mine workings are totally within the permafrost, The permafrost holds the rock together and the mine air temperature is maintained below freezing and dry drilling is used for development. In exploration fresh water mixed with calcium chloride salt is used for drilling. The logistics involved in the operation are outlined. Core recovery is not a problem with 98-99% recovery regularly achieved. Magnetic instrumentation
231A
cannot be used and Polaris has been using H.J.Otes Rotoclip for dip measurement. (A.Peters) 955234 Innovdive mud additives developed from industrial wastes A. P. Zakharov, E. A. Konovalov & Y. A. Ivanov, Oil & Gas Journal, 92(51), 1994, pp 112-114. The CIS is using industrial wastes in the production of drilling fluids. Chemicals and additives derived from these sources have been tested and proven as water loss reducers, gelation agents, pH regulators, lubricants, thinners and inhibitors. This article outlines the sources and production of a number of these additives, including gellating alkali agents, alkali cellulose, alkali salts, starch, silica gels, polymers and lubricants, and their influence on mud properties. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Blasting 955235 Le ti: une idee neuve (Blasting: a new idea) ANON, Mines & Carrieres, 76(November), 1994, p 29. The Groupe Fran&s de 1’Energie Explosive (French Committee on Explosive Energy) organized a one-day meeting on the subject of ‘blasting, a new idea’. The papers presented at this meeting deal with the issues of regulations, environment, security and ‘safety’, and technical and technological innovations. (English summary) 955236 Surface mine blasting near transmission pipelines D. E. Siskind & M. S. Stagg, Mining Engineering, 46(12), 1994, pp 1357-1360. Industry and regulatory agencies have requested guidance on safe blasting near transmission pipelines. The US Bureau of Mines (USBM) and Amax Coal Co. studied surface coal mine overburden blasting near four steel and one PVC pipeline monitoring vibration, strain and pressure. These were up to 1 t (2200 lbs) per delay in 31-cm (12-in.) blastholes. Worst-case comparisons showed that 12.7 cm/set (5 in./s) blasting vibrations produced strains about one-fourth that a pressurization and 10% to 18% of the ultimate tensile strength. No failures occurred from blasting as close as 15 m (Soft), which produced vibrations over 60 cm/set (24 in./@. (Authors) 955237 An innovative approach to dealing with water in the blasthole S. R. B. Pilshaw, Coal, 99(1 I), 1994, pp 44-46. When blasting for surface coal mines water in the blasthole complicates the procedure. How that water is dealt with basically determines the cost and effectiveness of the drill and blast activity. The widespread use of Anfo (as opposed to dynamite) has emphasised its inherent lack of water resistance. There are several methods of dealing with water in the blasthole under these circumstances; loading the hole with blends of emulsion and Anfo (Heavy Anfo), loading waterresistant cartridges (wet bags) until the water column has been breached, pumping the water from the blasthole and presplitting the perimeter to allow water to drain from the blast area. This article discuss these methods in detail in both technical and economic terms. (S.E.Long) 955238 The None1 NPED detonator (non-primary explosives detonator) R. Holmberg & T. White, Coal International, 243(l), 1995, pp 31,33.
system.
955230 Fracture treatment design to overcome severe near-wellbore damage, Mereenie Field, Australia A. Papinczak & W. K. Miller II, SPE Production & Facilities, 9(4), 1994, pp 249-256. The Mereenie field, located about 185 miles west of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia, consists of a large gas cap surrounded by a narrow oil rim. Pressuretransient analysis and production characteristics of early wells indicated increasingly high levels of near-wellbore damage, discovered later to be associated with fines migration and an extensive illite. clay network. In an attempt to overcome this impairment, seven hydraulic fracturing treatments were performed between 1983 and 1987; however, postfracture results were disappointing. During 1991-92, seven additional treatments were performed to achieve a tip screenout (TSO) to form a short, highly conductive flow path to bypass the damage. These resulted in a significant increase in production, an upgrade in the field’s recoverable reserves, and additional development drilling. (from Authors) 955231 Cardox system brings benefits in the mining of large coal ANON, Coal International, 243(l), 1995, pp 27-28. This application study shows how the Cardox System is being used in place of conventional explosives in countries as far apart as Turkey and Columbia. The method, which depends on the instantaneous release of large quantities of gaseous carbon dioxide within a shothole, can, in many cases, provide a high yield of lumpy coal, without undue production of tines. (Author) 955232 Properties of soundless chemical demolition agents J. Hinze 8c J. Brown, Journal of Construction Engineering & Management - ASCE, 120(4), 1994, pp 816-827. Soundless chemical demolition agents (SCDAs) have proven to be viable substitutes for the use of explosives. SCDAs are powdery materials that will expand considerably when mixed with water. This expansion, when occurring under confinement, generates significant expansive pressure sufficient to break up rock and concrete when the SCDA is confined in a borehole of a series of boreholes. Experiments have been conducted with SCDAs to learn more about those variables that tend to hamper or enhance SCDA performance. Results show that the amount of mixing water and the ambient temperature are the most important variables in influencing the generation of SCDA expansive pressures. (from Authors)
Drilling 955233 Exploration in permafrost J. Chadwick, Mining Magazine, 172(2), 1995, pp 103,105. Drilling conditions experienced at Cominco’s Polaris mine in Northwest Territories, Canada are described. The area is a cold desert with winter minimums of -40 to -50°C and precipitation levels similar to the Sahara. The mine workings are totally within the permafrost, The permafrost holds the rock together and the mine air temperature is maintained below freezing and dry drilling is used for development. In exploration fresh water mixed with calcium chloride salt is used for drilling. The logistics involved in the operation are outlined. Core recovery is not a problem with 98-99% recovery regularly achieved. Magnetic instrumentation
231A
cannot be used and Polaris has been using H.J.Otes Rotoclip for dip measurement. (A.Peters) 955234 Innovdive mud additives developed from industrial wastes A. P. Zakharov, E. A. Konovalov & Y. A. Ivanov, Oil & Gas Journal, 92(51), 1994, pp 112-114. The CIS is using industrial wastes in the production of drilling fluids. Chemicals and additives derived from these sources have been tested and proven as water loss reducers, gelation agents, pH regulators, lubricants, thinners and inhibitors. This article outlines the sources and production of a number of these additives, including gellating alkali agents, alkali cellulose, alkali salts, starch, silica gels, polymers and lubricants, and their influence on mud properties. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Blasting 955235 Le ti: une idee neuve (Blasting: a new idea) ANON, Mines & Carrieres, 76(November), 1994, p 29. The Groupe Fran&s de 1’Energie Explosive (French Committee on Explosive Energy) organized a one-day meeting on the subject of ‘blasting, a new idea’. The papers presented at this meeting deal with the issues of regulations, environment, security and ‘safety’, and technical and technological innovations. (English summary) 955236 Surface mine blasting near transmission pipelines D. E. Siskind & M. S. Stagg, Mining Engineering, 46(12), 1994, pp 1357-1360. Industry and regulatory agencies have requested guidance on safe blasting near transmission pipelines. The US Bureau of Mines (USBM) and Amax Coal Co. studied surface coal mine overburden blasting near four steel and one PVC pipeline monitoring vibration, strain and pressure. These were up to 1 t (2200 lbs) per delay in 31-cm (12-in.) blastholes. Worst-case comparisons showed that 12.7 cm/set (5 in./s) blasting vibrations produced strains about one-fourth that a pressurization and 10% to 18% of the ultimate tensile strength. No failures occurred from blasting as close as 15 m (Soft), which produced vibrations over 60 cm/set (24 in./@. (Authors) 955237 An innovative approach to dealing with water in the blasthole S. R. B. Pilshaw, Coal, 99(1 I), 1994, pp 44-46. When blasting for surface coal mines water in the blasthole complicates the procedure. How that water is dealt with basically determines the cost and effectiveness of the drill and blast activity. The widespread use of Anfo (as opposed to dynamite) has emphasised its inherent lack of water resistance. There are several methods of dealing with water in the blasthole under these circumstances; loading the hole with blends of emulsion and Anfo (Heavy Anfo), loading waterresistant cartridges (wet bags) until the water column has been breached, pumping the water from the blasthole and presplitting the perimeter to allow water to drain from the blast area. This article discuss these methods in detail in both technical and economic terms. (S.E.Long) 955238 The None1 NPED detonator (non-primary explosives detonator) R. Holmberg & T. White, Coal International, 243(l), 1995, pp 31,33.