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Testing of the prototype hydrominer in a surface coal seam
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785201 ROCK, F R G ~ N SOIL AND ICE ~REAF.~GE BY HIGH-FREE U ~ I C RADL~ION. A REVIEW HocMM~a~ P US Arm~ Oold R e i n s Research a~i Emglmeerimg
La~ r e ~ - t c~ 76-36, o ~ 1976, 17~ Avail: ~TIS, SIEiI~ield, Va, 22161, USA (ADA 039178)
Rock fracture under ~
FOR FRACTURE PLANE CONTROL IN
HLASTING Fo~r:~, W L; Dally, J W College Park: Maryland Univ Phot(m~ehamics Lab reproS, June 1977, ~SP Reports a modified drill-and-blast t e ~ q u e for achleVi~g fra,c,,ture plane control in herd rock exeavs~ion, ~ i ~ conventional ~ s which are grooved l o ~ t z m ~ i ~ l y to e ~ o l %he initiation of +~e cracks whleh fo~m the f r a ~ r e control plane.
stree~es
785202 ~ 0~ HYDRAULIC SPIMUL~ION ON CCLAT.P.lm'~SA-ND ASS0CI~ STRATA ~deT, C H USHM RI 8260, 1977, 20P Two test areas w e r e hydraulically stimulated and exposed by mi~i~. Imduced fractmces w e r e con-talned totally wi%hin ~he eoal]~d with no adver~ effec~ on the stebili~y of associated rock strata. Imdmced fractt_~es were vertical and were propa~ed n ~ to %be d ~ i o n of least residual tectonic s ~ s s . Gas ~ u ~ t l o n was imareased fivefold to twen~yfold by h ~ e stlmulatiom. Avail: US~M, 4800 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
785206 GROOVED B ~ S
Pa,
Drifting
Avail: NTIS, Springfield, Va, 22161, USA (PB n22~/0~)
7852o7 FP~L'I~ CORTROL IN PAILATIRI. HOLE C ~ S Barker, D B; FO~Dey, W L College Park: Maryland Umiv Photcmeehanics Lab relxEt, Feb 1977, ~8P Avail: NPIS, Sprimgfield, Va, 22161, USA (PB
267055/0ST) 785208 F R A C ~ CONI~OL IN C O N S I ~ I O N SLA._qTING Dally, J W; Fourney, W L College Park: Maryland UUIv Photomeehanics Lab rel~m~, Nov 1976, 55P Avail: 5TIS, Spri~gfiald, Va, 22161, USA (PB 264132/2sT)
Cutting 785203 DRILLING HARD SILICE0~S ~ O ~ E SI~JEA EFFECTIVELY LarT~, J J Paper NO 326 80th OIM Ammual Gems~al Meetir~, Vamcouver, April 1978 Gives teahnical de~aJ_Is stud applications of the water-thro%~h-the-drill-steel ms~hc~l of drillimg ~ Z ~ - o o m ; ~ - e s s i v e - ~ s~-ata. T h i s t~m~que is used for the r a i d fitting of roof bolts.
Bitting 785204 ~ % S T VIBRATION M O ~ N G OF ROCK EXCAVATIONS Keil, L D; Burgess~ A S; Nielsen, N M V Can Geotach J, VI~, ~ , Nov 1977, P603-619 Presem~s the relationships between vibration measuremem~s ani in~emsity of b l a ~ at d l f feTent l~oJect sites in Ca r~-. These ere related to rock type, blastimg procedure, and o%her variables. The manner in which ~he results of moni1~m~img were used to assess %he possibilities of damage to e~ace~ s i r e s , azd to d e ~ i n e accede bl~i~ In~T~les ~o c o b o l overbreak is d / s c ~ . Various ~ s t i ~ and damage eri%erla ere. revlewed. CRAT~RING BY A ROW OF SHORT CHARGES Mme_I~Tblan~ R R CIM Bull, ~r~l, N789, Jan 1978, P66-69 Reds ~riefly on cube-root s c a l ~ trials using sim61e a ~ rows of ehs~es bla~i~g in s a ~ and in frozen ground (inel~1~Img rooks, silt, amd glsmial till). The tests are related to the devmlopment of u~derground practice in the use of large dismet~r boreholes containing individ,_-~l]y restricted charge weights.
785209 EFFECT OF PRE-HEATING ON JET CL~PI~NG OF ROCKS McNsry, 0 Int J Rock Meah Min Scl, VIS, N2, A;wil 1978, Gives an analysis of the effect o~~ the time of ~re-heating on ~he efficiency of the ~ a ~ m e ~ i o n process of hard rocks and presets ~ results of experiments using a hydraulic Jet in c ~ i o n with surface p r e - ~ i ~ g . T~ enw~gy requirements were not necessarily decreased by preheating. 785210 SLOT CUTTING IN ROCK WITH A HIGH SPEED W R I ~ JET Rehblr~er, G Int J Rock Mech Min Scl, V14, N5-6, Nov 1977, P229-254 A theoretical modal of cu~tlng rock with a steady high pressure water Jet is defied. E i ~ different rocks, sardstones, granites, d/abase and porphyry have been cut with a Jet gmmerator capable of giving 0.5 MW. T~e ~ and experiments show that the delfah of the slut is a fumction of the d i ~ of the Jet, the ratio of Jet Iressure and %hreshold p r e s ~ e of the rock, the time of exposure, and a quam~ity thet charac~erlzes the rock involving permeability and grain ~ze. The m a i n eomclusion is thst %he e r o s i o n resls%amme of a rock is closely cOmmeQted %o its perme ability. IN A SURFACE 785211 TESTI~ OF THE PROTOTYPE H Y D R C ~ COAL SEAM Barker, C R; Sl~mmers, D A; Maztlrkiewicz, M M/n Emgng, V30, ~ , April 1978, P379-383 Describes the Hy~romlrer modification to a lorgwall s h e a r e r Unit, where t h e r~atIDg picklaced ~ s ard comnectir~ gear drives are replaced by a water Jet cutting head. The test pro-
ll7A
grange to provide support load data is stmmmrised. The device mines coal without dust, gives a product with an average size larger than does the shearer, ani is able to cut to a maxim~n seam height of 1.37m. The cutting head can penetrato pyrite layers O.05m thick without loss of speed and wear on the machine. 785212 TRIALS ON HLINDHOLE BORING IN SOUTH AFRICAN GOLD MINES Van den Berg, W J; Taylor, J G J S Aft Inst Min Metall, V78, N7, Feb 1978, P175-187 Describes preliminary trials to test the concept of usir~ a full-face blind_hole boring technique for the boring of boxholes 20-80m in length through quartzite arzl shale. Modifications to the machinery are reported and operating costs discussed.
Rock and Soil Improvement Techniques 785213 CONSOLIDATION OF ROAD SIDES FOR LONGWALL AND DIAGONAL WATER INFUSION (IN GERMAN) Becker, H; Klinkner, H G Gluckauf, Vll3, N9, 5 M%V 1977, ~59-463 To reduce leakage of the water used for infusion, the road side can be consolidated using magnesia binders to which clay such as bentonite is added to control the binding time. The consolidation procedure is described, and details are given of experience with it.
Bolts and anchom 785214 DAM ANCHORED TO FOUNDATION TO WITHSTAND FLOODS Mareinkevich, E A; Ephros, A Z Clv Engng, NY, V48, N4, April 1978, P55-59 Reports the use of post-tensioned terzlons to anchor the Conowingo Dam and Powerhouse on the Susquehann~ River, USA. The purpose was to improve the stability of the structures to resist overturning and sliding by adding forces to counteract the increased destabilising forces of the larger design flood. 785215 TIME-DEPENDENt RESPONSE OF A DEEP RIGID ANCHOR IN A VISCOELASTIC MEDIUM Selvadurai, A P S Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, V15, N1, Feb 1978, Pil-19 This paper presents an analytical treatment of the time-dependent behaviour of a rigid anchor with a Sl~heroidal shape, embedded in an infinite medium exhibiting linear viscoelastic characteristics. In particular the viscoelastic medium chosen exhibits elastic dilatatiomal bahaviour and the deviatoric behaviour is represented by a staniard linear solid. The numerical solutions sre presented for the case of a spheroidal anchor which is subjected to a step function of displace-
merit. These results indicate the manmar in which relaxation of load in an anchor tie rod occurs as a result of creep in the geological material surroumding the anchor region. 43 refs.
785216 GROUND ANCHORS (S~ZAL ISSUE) Rev Fr Geotech, N3, Jan 1978, 128P Gives a general report by P. Habib and the text of the 17 papers presented at the Special Session no 4, 9hh International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo,
197V. 785217 ANCHORII~] IN LOOSE SOILS (IN FRENCH) Hede, D Neige Avalanches, NIS, Nov 1977, Pll-l~
Grouting 785218 GROUTS AND GROUTING TECHNIQUES HOward, A J Consult Engr, V41, N1, Jan 1977, P48-51 A report of the symposium held in November 1976 by the Cement and Concrete Association at Fulmer Grange. P~pers dealt with the range of groutimg materials available (suspension grouts, solution grouts and resin grouts) amd discussed their varying properties, together with comparative costs. Grouting techniques and newer applications were reviewed, including turmel grouting, amd injection of soll and rock for groumd improvement.
Soil stabilisation THE SWEDISH WAY k 785219 STABILISATION Constr Plant Equip, V6, N10, Jure 1978 , P28 -
Sun~srises the Linden Alimak method for stabilising clay by means of lime injection. After drilling with auger to a maximum depth of 10mj the cls~ is stirred up at the base by rotating the screw and unslaked lime is blown down the shaft and released in measured amounts. As the drill is withdrawn it leaves a lime pillar which final ly hardens to give a shear stre~Eth mar~ times that of unstabilised clay. The comlmmy also h~s a v~rtical drainlaying syatmm for extracting water from wet clays. The drainage 'wicks' and the Alimak drainstitcher are briefly described 785220 FOUNDATION SOIL PRELOAD SAVES 164000 DOLLARS Williamson, A B; Patin, D B Civ Emgng, NY, V48, N3, March 1978, P61-63 Reports the use of 9ft of ~opsoil surc/~arge to consolidate and strengthen foundation soils to minimise settlement of 2 cooling towers, an oil storage tank, 2 condensate tanks stud a p~np pit at a site on the west alluvial plain of the Mississippi River, USA. It is estimated that the structures would otherwise have required more than 300 piles dr$~en lOOft to a suitable stratmm, with a cost increase of 164000 dollarsJ 785221 PRODUCTION OF VARIOUS HYDRAULIC AND POZZOLANIC BINDERS, AND HOW THEY ACT (IN FRENCH) Dron s R; Vantrln, J C; Varhee, F Bull Liaison Lab Por~s Chaussees, N94, MarchAl~il 1978, P73-83
785201 ROCK, F R G ~ N SOIL AND ICE ~REAF.~GE BY HIGH-FREE U ~ I C RADL~ION. A REVIEW HocMM~a~ P US Arm~ Oold R e i n s Research a~i Emglmeerimg
La~ r e ~ - t c~ 76-36, o ~ 1976, 17~ Avail: ~TIS, SIEiI~ield, Va, 22161, USA (ADA 039178)
Rock fracture under ~
FOR FRACTURE PLANE CONTROL IN
HLASTING Fo~r:~, W L; Dally, J W College Park: Maryland Univ Phot(m~ehamics Lab reproS, June 1977, ~SP Reports a modified drill-and-blast t e ~ q u e for achleVi~g fra,c,,ture plane control in herd rock exeavs~ion, ~ i ~ conventional ~ s which are grooved l o ~ t z m ~ i ~ l y to e ~ o l %he initiation of +~e cracks whleh fo~m the f r a ~ r e control plane.
stree~es
785202 ~ 0~ HYDRAULIC SPIMUL~ION ON CCLAT.P.lm'~SA-ND ASS0CI~ STRATA ~deT, C H USHM RI 8260, 1977, 20P Two test areas w e r e hydraulically stimulated and exposed by mi~i~. Imduced fractmces w e r e con-talned totally wi%hin ~he eoal]~d with no adver~ effec~ on the stebili~y of associated rock strata. Imdmced fractt_~es were vertical and were propa~ed n ~ to %be d ~ i o n of least residual tectonic s ~ s s . Gas ~ u ~ t l o n was imareased fivefold to twen~yfold by h ~ e stlmulatiom. Avail: US~M, 4800 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA
785206 GROOVED B ~ S
Pa,
Drifting
Avail: NTIS, Springfield, Va, 22161, USA (PB n22~/0~)
7852o7 FP~L'I~ CORTROL IN PAILATIRI. HOLE C ~ S Barker, D B; FO~Dey, W L College Park: Maryland Umiv Photcmeehanics Lab relxEt, Feb 1977, ~8P Avail: NPIS, Sprimgfield, Va, 22161, USA (PB
267055/0ST) 785208 F R A C ~ CONI~OL IN C O N S I ~ I O N SLA._qTING Dally, J W; Fourney, W L College Park: Maryland UUIv Photomeehanics Lab rel~m~, Nov 1976, 55P Avail: 5TIS, Spri~gfiald, Va, 22161, USA (PB 264132/2sT)
Cutting 785203 DRILLING HARD SILICE0~S ~ O ~ E SI~JEA EFFECTIVELY LarT~, J J Paper NO 326 80th OIM Ammual Gems~al Meetir~, Vamcouver, April 1978 Gives teahnical de~aJ_Is stud applications of the water-thro%~h-the-drill-steel ms~hc~l of drillimg ~ Z ~ - o o m ; ~ - e s s i v e - ~ s~-ata. T h i s t~m~que is used for the r a i d fitting of roof bolts.
Bitting 785204 ~ % S T VIBRATION M O ~ N G OF ROCK EXCAVATIONS Keil, L D; Burgess~ A S; Nielsen, N M V Can Geotach J, VI~, ~ , Nov 1977, P603-619 Presem~s the relationships between vibration measuremem~s ani in~emsity of b l a ~ at d l f feTent l~oJect sites in Ca r~-. These ere related to rock type, blastimg procedure, and o%her variables. The manner in which ~he results of moni1~m~img were used to assess %he possibilities of damage to e~ace~ s i r e s , azd to d e ~ i n e accede bl~i~ In~T~les ~o c o b o l overbreak is d / s c ~ . Various ~ s t i ~ and damage eri%erla ere. revlewed. CRAT~RING BY A ROW OF SHORT CHARGES Mme_I~Tblan~ R R CIM Bull, ~r~l, N789, Jan 1978, P66-69 Reds ~riefly on cube-root s c a l ~ trials using sim61e a ~ rows of ehs~es bla~i~g in s a ~ and in frozen ground (inel~1~Img rooks, silt, amd glsmial till). The tests are related to the devmlopment of u~derground practice in the use of large dismet~r boreholes containing individ,_-~l]y restricted charge weights.
785209 EFFECT OF PRE-HEATING ON JET CL~PI~NG OF ROCKS McNsry, 0 Int J Rock Meah Min Scl, VIS, N2, A;wil 1978, Gives an analysis of the effect o~~ the time of ~re-heating on ~he efficiency of the ~ a ~ m e ~ i o n process of hard rocks and presets ~ results of experiments using a hydraulic Jet in c ~ i o n with surface p r e - ~ i ~ g . T~ enw~gy requirements were not necessarily decreased by preheating. 785210 SLOT CUTTING IN ROCK WITH A HIGH SPEED W R I ~ JET Rehblr~er, G Int J Rock Mech Min Scl, V14, N5-6, Nov 1977, P229-254 A theoretical modal of cu~tlng rock with a steady high pressure water Jet is defied. E i ~ different rocks, sardstones, granites, d/abase and porphyry have been cut with a Jet gmmerator capable of giving 0.5 MW. T~e ~ and experiments show that the delfah of the slut is a fumction of the d i ~ of the Jet, the ratio of Jet Iressure and %hreshold p r e s ~ e of the rock, the time of exposure, and a quam~ity thet charac~erlzes the rock involving permeability and grain ~ze. The m a i n eomclusion is thst %he e r o s i o n resls%amme of a rock is closely cOmmeQted %o its perme ability. IN A SURFACE 785211 TESTI~ OF THE PROTOTYPE H Y D R C ~ COAL SEAM Barker, C R; Sl~mmers, D A; Maztlrkiewicz, M M/n Emgng, V30, ~ , April 1978, P379-383 Describes the Hy~romlrer modification to a lorgwall s h e a r e r Unit, where t h e r~atIDg picklaced ~ s ard comnectir~ gear drives are replaced by a water Jet cutting head. The test pro-
ll7A
grange to provide support load data is stmmmrised. The device mines coal without dust, gives a product with an average size larger than does the shearer, ani is able to cut to a maxim~n seam height of 1.37m. The cutting head can penetrato pyrite layers O.05m thick without loss of speed and wear on the machine. 785212 TRIALS ON HLINDHOLE BORING IN SOUTH AFRICAN GOLD MINES Van den Berg, W J; Taylor, J G J S Aft Inst Min Metall, V78, N7, Feb 1978, P175-187 Describes preliminary trials to test the concept of usir~ a full-face blind_hole boring technique for the boring of boxholes 20-80m in length through quartzite arzl shale. Modifications to the machinery are reported and operating costs discussed.
Rock and Soil Improvement Techniques 785213 CONSOLIDATION OF ROAD SIDES FOR LONGWALL AND DIAGONAL WATER INFUSION (IN GERMAN) Becker, H; Klinkner, H G Gluckauf, Vll3, N9, 5 M%V 1977, ~59-463 To reduce leakage of the water used for infusion, the road side can be consolidated using magnesia binders to which clay such as bentonite is added to control the binding time. The consolidation procedure is described, and details are given of experience with it.
Bolts and anchom 785214 DAM ANCHORED TO FOUNDATION TO WITHSTAND FLOODS Mareinkevich, E A; Ephros, A Z Clv Engng, NY, V48, N4, April 1978, P55-59 Reports the use of post-tensioned terzlons to anchor the Conowingo Dam and Powerhouse on the Susquehann~ River, USA. The purpose was to improve the stability of the structures to resist overturning and sliding by adding forces to counteract the increased destabilising forces of the larger design flood. 785215 TIME-DEPENDENt RESPONSE OF A DEEP RIGID ANCHOR IN A VISCOELASTIC MEDIUM Selvadurai, A P S Int J Rock Mech Min Sci, V15, N1, Feb 1978, Pil-19 This paper presents an analytical treatment of the time-dependent behaviour of a rigid anchor with a Sl~heroidal shape, embedded in an infinite medium exhibiting linear viscoelastic characteristics. In particular the viscoelastic medium chosen exhibits elastic dilatatiomal bahaviour and the deviatoric behaviour is represented by a staniard linear solid. The numerical solutions sre presented for the case of a spheroidal anchor which is subjected to a step function of displace-
merit. These results indicate the manmar in which relaxation of load in an anchor tie rod occurs as a result of creep in the geological material surroumding the anchor region. 43 refs.
785216 GROUND ANCHORS (S~ZAL ISSUE) Rev Fr Geotech, N3, Jan 1978, 128P Gives a general report by P. Habib and the text of the 17 papers presented at the Special Session no 4, 9hh International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo,
197V. 785217 ANCHORII~] IN LOOSE SOILS (IN FRENCH) Hede, D Neige Avalanches, NIS, Nov 1977, Pll-l~
Grouting 785218 GROUTS AND GROUTING TECHNIQUES HOward, A J Consult Engr, V41, N1, Jan 1977, P48-51 A report of the symposium held in November 1976 by the Cement and Concrete Association at Fulmer Grange. P~pers dealt with the range of groutimg materials available (suspension grouts, solution grouts and resin grouts) amd discussed their varying properties, together with comparative costs. Grouting techniques and newer applications were reviewed, including turmel grouting, amd injection of soll and rock for groumd improvement.
Soil stabilisation THE SWEDISH WAY k 785219 STABILISATION Constr Plant Equip, V6, N10, Jure 1978 , P28 -
Sun~srises the Linden Alimak method for stabilising clay by means of lime injection. After drilling with auger to a maximum depth of 10mj the cls~ is stirred up at the base by rotating the screw and unslaked lime is blown down the shaft and released in measured amounts. As the drill is withdrawn it leaves a lime pillar which final ly hardens to give a shear stre~Eth mar~ times that of unstabilised clay. The comlmmy also h~s a v~rtical drainlaying syatmm for extracting water from wet clays. The drainage 'wicks' and the Alimak drainstitcher are briefly described 785220 FOUNDATION SOIL PRELOAD SAVES 164000 DOLLARS Williamson, A B; Patin, D B Civ Emgng, NY, V48, N3, March 1978, P61-63 Reports the use of 9ft of ~opsoil surc/~arge to consolidate and strengthen foundation soils to minimise settlement of 2 cooling towers, an oil storage tank, 2 condensate tanks stud a p~np pit at a site on the west alluvial plain of the Mississippi River, USA. It is estimated that the structures would otherwise have required more than 300 piles dr$~en lOOft to a suitable stratmm, with a cost increase of 164000 dollarsJ 785221 PRODUCTION OF VARIOUS HYDRAULIC AND POZZOLANIC BINDERS, AND HOW THEY ACT (IN FRENCH) Dron s R; Vantrln, J C; Varhee, F Bull Liaison Lab Por~s Chaussees, N94, MarchAl~il 1978, P73-83