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The number of requests for high sensitive troponin I measurement and the number of patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction
Abstracts / Atherosclerosis 252 (2016) e1ee196
Methods: Here, five different wild type strains of zebrafish i.e. AB, TU, TL, WIK and LEO were tested. Interestingly, after feeding a high cholesterol diet (4% cholesterol extra) we observed a strong variability in lipid accumulation among the tested strains. Results: Our results demonstrated AB strain to be most susceptible and TU strain to be more resistant, whereas TL, WIK and LEO strains demonstrated a moderate phenotype for lipid deposits. Conclusions: We claim to identify genetic loci controlling this variability using the classical QTL-analysis. Therefore, breeding of F2 generation zebrafish from the most susceptible and resistant strain i.e. AB and TU respectively is in progress. In addition, we will put new insights into the possible pathways leading to the observed lipid deposits variation between AB and TU strains on gene expression level by conducting gene expression profiling. Identification of genetic loci by QTL-analysis for controlling lipid accumulation and leading to an almost resistant phenotype for lipid accumulation in zebrafish might have important implications for humans as well. Lipid accumulation is considered as an early step initiating atherosclerosis. Thus our results will contribute considerably to advance the identification of novel targets for dyslipidaemia and therapeutic objectives for atherosclerosis.
EAS16-0732, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. CELL-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES AS MARKERS OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, INFLAMMATION AND COAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH SLEEP APNEA-HYPOPNEA SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ~ oz-Herna ndez 2, J. Villar 2, P. Stiefel 2. 1 Imperial A.J. Vallejo-Vaz 1, 2, R. Mun College London, School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom; 2 Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Vascular Risk, Seville, Spain Objectives: Cell-derived microparticles (MP, small membrane vesicles released from different cell types following their activation or apoptosis), have been involved in coagulation, inflammation, and endothelial function and related with cardiovascular risk. We perform a systematic review of published studies assessing the MP as markers of these processes in patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). Methods: We performed a search of the literature through Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and SciELO, following a predefined strategy; no limits were entered. Studies were eligible if they reported the measurement of any type of MP in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SAHS. A total of 1381 references were retrieved and subjected to title/abstract screening. 41 papers were considered for full text review. Results: 13 studies involving 462 patients (all obstructive SAHS, children n¼141) and 294 controls were finally included. The studies showed differences in their design, populations and in several aspects of the protocol used for MP measurement. The phenotype of the MP was variable (platelet, endothelial, leukocyte, erythrocyte and annexin V+ MP) and different markers were used to detect MP from the same cell origin. Only 3 studies (n¼35) assessed the effect of the treatment with CPAP on MP; a fourth trial (n¼21) evaluated the effect of CPAP withdrawal in patients under this treatment. Overall, the results were considerably not uniform. The heterogeneity observed among the studies prevented us to perform any pooled meta-analysis of the studies. Conclusions: The evidence for the association between SAHS and MP or CPAP and MP is still largely uncertain.
EAS16-0136, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS J. Bogdanska, D. Labudovic, S. Alabakovska, S. Cekovska, K. Tosheska Trajkovska, S. Jovanova. Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Skopje, FYR Macedonia Objectives: Oxidative modifications are implicated in atherosclerotic disease; therefore it is important to consider this state in the context of
e71
available antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gluthatione peroxidase (Gpx). The aim of our study was to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gluthatione peroxidase (Gpx) in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods: The study included 30 male patients with atherosclerosis and 110 healthy male subjects. The enzyme activity, cholesterol and triglycerides were determined with standard spectrophotometric methods and the results were analyzed using WinStat program. Results: SOD activity as a major cellular defense system against superoxide was only slightly increased, whereas Gpx activity was slightly decreased in comparison to the control group. CAT (which is very effective in high-level oxidative stress) was significantly increased in patients with atherosclerosis in comparison to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Increased activity of catalase in the presence of reduced gluthatione peroxidase in patients with atherosclerosis might suggest the presence of oxidative modifications (oxidative stress) in these patients. Catalase could be a valuable biological marker for a progression of atherosclerosis, but this remains to be studied in larger studies.
EAS16-0145, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. THE NUMBER OF REQUESTS FOR HIGH SENSITIVE TROPONIN I MEASUREMENT AND THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION L. Majnaric, M. Mikic, S. Bekic, S. Guljas. Osijek University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine- Family Medicine and history of medicine, Osijek, Croatia Objectives: High sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) tests have been established in hospitals and clinics in Croatia, to accelerate the triage of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim was to analyse the number of requests for this measurement and the number of hospital admissions, with respect to age and sex of patients and per months in a year (2014). Methods: The study was based on data used from the registers of the ICT system of the emergency laboratory and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the General Hospital Vinkovci, eastern Croatia. CLIA method, performed on the device the Siemens Centaur XP, was used as the referent method for hsTnI measurement. Results: The total number of requests in 2014 was 2221 with 350 (15,75%) positive tests. The largest percent of positive tests, 76,86%, was in the age group of 66 years and over. The rate of admissions to the IUC was 75,14% (F 59,7%, M 40,3%). The percent of repeated tests was 67,14%. The top month with respect to the number of requests and positive results was december, while the lowest results were in january and february (p<0,05, chi-square test). Conclusions: Related to the use of hsTnI tests in a routine practice, we found, similar as elsewhere, a large divergence between the number of requests and the number of positive results. This result might be explained by improved sensitivity of the test and the need for the often repetition of testing.
EAS16-0237, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN A VERY ELDERLY POPULATION: ROLE OF AGEING AND OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS F. Spannella 1, F. Giulietti 1, G. Cocci 1, P. Giordano 2, M. Ricci 1, E. Politecnica delle Espinosa 1, R. Sarzani 1. 1 IRCCS-INRCA- "Universita Marche", Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ancona, Italy; 2 IRCCS-INRCA, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ancona, Italy Objectives: Age seems to play a central role in the onset of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) disease. We compared the prevalence of carotid plaque in a very elderly population without history of PAD and major
Methods: Here, five different wild type strains of zebrafish i.e. AB, TU, TL, WIK and LEO were tested. Interestingly, after feeding a high cholesterol diet (4% cholesterol extra) we observed a strong variability in lipid accumulation among the tested strains. Results: Our results demonstrated AB strain to be most susceptible and TU strain to be more resistant, whereas TL, WIK and LEO strains demonstrated a moderate phenotype for lipid deposits. Conclusions: We claim to identify genetic loci controlling this variability using the classical QTL-analysis. Therefore, breeding of F2 generation zebrafish from the most susceptible and resistant strain i.e. AB and TU respectively is in progress. In addition, we will put new insights into the possible pathways leading to the observed lipid deposits variation between AB and TU strains on gene expression level by conducting gene expression profiling. Identification of genetic loci by QTL-analysis for controlling lipid accumulation and leading to an almost resistant phenotype for lipid accumulation in zebrafish might have important implications for humans as well. Lipid accumulation is considered as an early step initiating atherosclerosis. Thus our results will contribute considerably to advance the identification of novel targets for dyslipidaemia and therapeutic objectives for atherosclerosis.
EAS16-0732, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. CELL-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES AS MARKERS OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, INFLAMMATION AND COAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH SLEEP APNEA-HYPOPNEA SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ~ oz-Herna ndez 2, J. Villar 2, P. Stiefel 2. 1 Imperial A.J. Vallejo-Vaz 1, 2, R. Mun College London, School of Public Health, London, United Kingdom; 2 Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Vascular Risk, Seville, Spain Objectives: Cell-derived microparticles (MP, small membrane vesicles released from different cell types following their activation or apoptosis), have been involved in coagulation, inflammation, and endothelial function and related with cardiovascular risk. We perform a systematic review of published studies assessing the MP as markers of these processes in patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). Methods: We performed a search of the literature through Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science and SciELO, following a predefined strategy; no limits were entered. Studies were eligible if they reported the measurement of any type of MP in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SAHS. A total of 1381 references were retrieved and subjected to title/abstract screening. 41 papers were considered for full text review. Results: 13 studies involving 462 patients (all obstructive SAHS, children n¼141) and 294 controls were finally included. The studies showed differences in their design, populations and in several aspects of the protocol used for MP measurement. The phenotype of the MP was variable (platelet, endothelial, leukocyte, erythrocyte and annexin V+ MP) and different markers were used to detect MP from the same cell origin. Only 3 studies (n¼35) assessed the effect of the treatment with CPAP on MP; a fourth trial (n¼21) evaluated the effect of CPAP withdrawal in patients under this treatment. Overall, the results were considerably not uniform. The heterogeneity observed among the studies prevented us to perform any pooled meta-analysis of the studies. Conclusions: The evidence for the association between SAHS and MP or CPAP and MP is still largely uncertain.
EAS16-0136, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN PATIENTS WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS J. Bogdanska, D. Labudovic, S. Alabakovska, S. Cekovska, K. Tosheska Trajkovska, S. Jovanova. Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Skopje, FYR Macedonia Objectives: Oxidative modifications are implicated in atherosclerotic disease; therefore it is important to consider this state in the context of
e71
available antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gluthatione peroxidase (Gpx). The aim of our study was to determine the activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gluthatione peroxidase (Gpx) in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods: The study included 30 male patients with atherosclerosis and 110 healthy male subjects. The enzyme activity, cholesterol and triglycerides were determined with standard spectrophotometric methods and the results were analyzed using WinStat program. Results: SOD activity as a major cellular defense system against superoxide was only slightly increased, whereas Gpx activity was slightly decreased in comparison to the control group. CAT (which is very effective in high-level oxidative stress) was significantly increased in patients with atherosclerosis in comparison to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: The Increased activity of catalase in the presence of reduced gluthatione peroxidase in patients with atherosclerosis might suggest the presence of oxidative modifications (oxidative stress) in these patients. Catalase could be a valuable biological marker for a progression of atherosclerosis, but this remains to be studied in larger studies.
EAS16-0145, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. THE NUMBER OF REQUESTS FOR HIGH SENSITIVE TROPONIN I MEASUREMENT AND THE NUMBER OF PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION L. Majnaric, M. Mikic, S. Bekic, S. Guljas. Osijek University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine- Family Medicine and history of medicine, Osijek, Croatia Objectives: High sensitive troponin I (hsTnI) tests have been established in hospitals and clinics in Croatia, to accelerate the triage of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The aim was to analyse the number of requests for this measurement and the number of hospital admissions, with respect to age and sex of patients and per months in a year (2014). Methods: The study was based on data used from the registers of the ICT system of the emergency laboratory and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the General Hospital Vinkovci, eastern Croatia. CLIA method, performed on the device the Siemens Centaur XP, was used as the referent method for hsTnI measurement. Results: The total number of requests in 2014 was 2221 with 350 (15,75%) positive tests. The largest percent of positive tests, 76,86%, was in the age group of 66 years and over. The rate of admissions to the IUC was 75,14% (F 59,7%, M 40,3%). The percent of repeated tests was 67,14%. The top month with respect to the number of requests and positive results was december, while the lowest results were in january and february (p<0,05, chi-square test). Conclusions: Related to the use of hsTnI tests in a routine practice, we found, similar as elsewhere, a large divergence between the number of requests and the number of positive results. This result might be explained by improved sensitivity of the test and the need for the often repetition of testing.
EAS16-0237, GENETICS, NUTRITION, BIOMARKERS: BIOMARKERS. CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN A VERY ELDERLY POPULATION: ROLE OF AGEING AND OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS F. Spannella 1, F. Giulietti 1, G. Cocci 1, P. Giordano 2, M. Ricci 1, E. Politecnica delle Espinosa 1, R. Sarzani 1. 1 IRCCS-INRCA- "Universita Marche", Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ancona, Italy; 2 IRCCS-INRCA, Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Ancona, Italy Objectives: Age seems to play a central role in the onset of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) disease. We compared the prevalence of carotid plaque in a very elderly population without history of PAD and major