- Email: [email protected]
Volume 6, contents and author index
’ //’
m\\
’
An International Journal Editor-in-Chief -
A A M Sayigh
Volume 6, Contents and Author Index, 1989
PERGAMON BEIJING
* FRANKFURT
- S/i0
PRESS PAUL0
OXFORD - NEW YORK
- SYDNEY
* TOKYO
- TORONTO
SOLAR & WIND TECHNOLOGY Published for the International Solar Energy Society--Arab Section Sponsors: UNESCO, The International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy and Federation of Arab Scientific Research Councils, Baghdad, Iraq
Editor-in-Chief Professor A. A. M. Sayigh, Energy Group, Department of Engineering, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AY, U.K.
Associate Editors Professor C. E. Backus, Director, Center for Research, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, U.S.A. Professor D. O. Hall, King's College, Plant Sciences Department, 68 Half Moon Lane, London SE24 9JF, U.K. Dr P. Musgrove, Department of Engineering, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AY, U.K. Professor G. Peri, Department Heliophtsique, ERA/CNR5538, De Provence 13397, University of Marseilles, Marseilles, France Professor D. Watson, Environmental Design Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, U.S.A.
In ternational Editors J. AI-Ansari, Dharan, Saudi Arabia N. S. AI-Baharna, Isa Town, Bahrain N. 1. AI-Hamdani, Baghdad, lraq L. AI-Houty, Doha, Qatar A. Anani, Amman, Jordan S. Ayyash, Safat, Kuwait M. Baddi, Rabat, Morocco R. Bennaceur, Tunis, Tunisia W. H. Bloss, Stuttgart, F.R.G. I. Chambouleyron, Campinas, Brazil R. Cheng, Shanghai, China P. I. Cooper, Victoria, Australia C. Corvi, Rome, Italy P. D. Dunn, Reading, U.K. A. A. El-Mukhtar, Nouakchott, Mauritania
H. El-Mulki, Amman, Jordan E. A. N. Feitosa, Recife, Brazil E. de O. Fernandes, Porto, Portugal H. P. Garg, New Delhi, India A. Goetzberger, Freiburg, Germany M. Horn, Lima, Peru C. N. Kashkari, Akron, Ohio B. H. Khoshaim, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia A. Luque, Madrid, Spain E. H. Lysen, Amersfoort, The Netherlands J. C. McVeigh, Brighton, U.K. F. Meunier, Orsay, France A. Mufti, Islamabad, Pakistan B. Nabelek, Liben, Czechoslovakia T. Nogouchi, Nagoya, Japan
T. Ohta, Kanagava, Japan M. B. Ouaida, Beirut, Lebanon S. R. Ovinshinsky, Michigan, U.S.A. Parangtopo, Jakarta, Indonesia B. M. Pederson, Lyngby, Denmark F. Peterson, Stockholm, Sweden S. Quraeshi, Quebec, Canada I. A. Sakr, Cairo, Egypt R. 1. Salawu, Lagos, Nigeria B. O. Seraphim, Arizona, U.S.A. W. Shearer, Tokyo, Japan E. Shpilrain, Moscow, U.S.S.R. M. O. Sid-Ahmed, Khartoum, Sudan R. M. Strevel, Mexico
Publishing, Subscription and Advertising Offices
Subscription enquiries from customers in North America should be sent to: Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523, U.S.A., and for the remainder of the world to: Pergamon Press pie, Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, U.K. Subscription Rates
Annual institutional subscription rate (1990) DM 450.00 (including postage and insurance). Two-year institutional rate (1990/91) DM 855.00. Personal subscription rate for those whose library subscribes at the regular rate (1990) DM 143.00. Prices are subject to change without notification. ISES members may order personal subscriptions at a concessional rate and details of these rates are available on request. Microform Subscriptions and Back Issues
Back issues of all previously published volumes, in both hard copy and on microform, are available direct from Pergamon Press offices. Published six issues per annum Copyright (~ 1989 Pergamon Press pie It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright for their article is transferred to the publisher if and when the article is accepted for publication, However, assignment of copyright is not required from authors who work for organizations which do not permit such assignment. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, photographic reproductions, microfilm and any other reproductions of similar nature and translations. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. Photocopying Information for Users in the U.S.A.
The Item-fee Code for this publication indicates that authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by the copyright holder for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service provided the stated fee for copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Law is paid. The appropriate remittance of $3.00 per copy per article is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 27 Congress Street. Salem, MA 01970. Permission for Other Use
The copyright owner's consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained from the publisher for such copying. *~." The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39,48-1984. The Item-Fee Code for this publication is 0741~83X/89 $3.00 + 0.00
CONTENTS NUMBER 1
Articles M. Afeef and L. B. Mullett
Solar transmission in salt solutions with reference to solar ponds
D.C. Ony~ekwe
Cold storage using eutectic mixture of NaC 1/H20: an application to photovoltaic compressor vapour freezers
A. H. Zahed and M. M. Elsayed
19
Mathematical modelling of a solar kiln
A. AI-Karaghouli, N. AI-Hamdani and W. AI-Sinan
29
Iraqi solar house cooling season performance evaluation
P. D. Dan and J. C. V. Chinnappa
41
The cooling of water flowing over an inclined surface exposed to the night sky
K. Kanayama and H. Baba
51
Analysis and experiment of the performance of a flatplate solar collector considering the wavelength dependence
C. Sorapipatana and R. H. B. Exell
59
Mesoscale mapping of daily Southeast Asia from satellite data
Technical Notes O. D. Corbella and C. R. Garibotti
71
Comments about the comparison between a conventional and solar powered absorption refrigeration system
A. Venkatesh and A. Mani
75
Comparison of performances of single stage and two stage intermittent ammonia-water solar refrigeration systems
M. Santamouris and B. D. Katsoulis
79
Solar radiation over the northwest part of Greece
A. Anani, Z. Jibril and F. Abu-Allan
85
A standardized procedure to the study of costeffectiveness of renewable energy systems in Jordan
J. Hossain
91
Estimation of specific annual energy generation from wind in Antarctica
Book Review A. A. M. Sayigh
97
Solar Cells: Their Optics and Metrology. By M. M. Koltun
Calendar of Events
99 iii
insolation
over
iv
Contents NUMBER2
Articles L. D'Alessio and M. Paolucci
101
Energetic aspects of the syngas production by solar energy: reforming of methane and carbon gasification
M. Martinez
105
Perspectives for energy diversification in Mexico
S. Barbaro, G. Cannistraro, C. Giaconia, A. Orioli and S. Trapani
111
An analysis of direct solar transmittance and atmospheric turbidity in the Mediterranean climatic belt
R. Festa and C. F. Ratto
125
About the importance of correct albedo determination in modeling the diffuse irradiation on tilted surfaces
H. M. Ali
137
Potential of solar ponds in hot climates
H. 14. Nigim and G. A. Jabbar
143
Aerodynamic testing of multi-bladed wind rotors at low Reynolds numbers
S. S. Nandwani
149
Design, construction and experimental study of electriccum solaroven II
J. N. Raju
159
An energy efficient drying chamber for FCV tobacco curing process
Technical Notes V. L. Fara, R. Grigorescu and H. AI. Ammouri
165
Efficiency determination of solar installation by computer simulation of its working parameters
J. Prakash, H. P. Garg, D. S. Hrishikesan and R. Jha
171
Performance studies of an integrated solar collectorcum-storage water heating system with transparent insulation cover
K. Jafarpur and M. A. Yaghoubi
177
Solar radiation for Shiraz, Iran
Calendar of Events
181
NUMBER3 Articles S. Z. Baykara and E. Bilgen
183
Solar hydrogen production by hybrid process of water thermolysis and electrolysis
A. Esper, K. Lntz and W. Miihlbauer
189
Development and testing of plastic film solar air heaters
V. B. Gandhe, A. Venkatesh and V. Sriramuln
197
Thermal analysis of an FMDF solar concentrator
Kh. H. AI-Jamal and A. A. M. Sayigh
203
Design for comfort in Gaza Strip and the West Bank
A. Ozta~an and K. Taner
213
A solar desalination plant for conditions in Turkey
Y. G. Caouris
217
Energy savings in water-sprayed double-covered greenhouses
Contents
v
Y. G. Caouris, C. Kittas and M. Santamouris
225
Regional monthly estimation of greenhouse energy consumption--application to Greece
Y. Hamakawa
235
Status of a-Si technology and its applications to optoelectronics devices
Y. Hamakawa
241
Physics and technologies of efficiency improvements for amorphous silicon solar cells
A. Maafi and A. Adane
247
A two-state Markovian model of global irradiation suitable for photovoltaic conversion
S. Alterio, S. Barbaro, G. Cannistraro, C. Giaconia, A. Orioli and S. Trapani
253
A more reliable relation between Angstr6m and Linke atmospheric turbidity parameters
C. I. Ezekwe
257
Effect of harmattan dust on infrared sky radiation
K. K. Gopinathan
265
Diffuse irradiation contours for southern Africa
S . O . Onyegegbu
275
Performance of photovoltaic cells in an equatorial climate
C. U. Okujagu and S. K. Adjepong
283
Performance of a simple fiat plate solar collector at an equatorial location
Book Reviews A. A. M. Sayigh
291
Design for Northern Climates: Cold-Climate Planning and Environmental Design. By Vladimir Matus
A. A. M. Sayigh
291
Engineering Principles and Concepts for Active Solar Systems
Calendar of Evenls
293
Data Bank
TechnicalNotes
NUMBER4 SPECIAL ISSUE: INTERACTION BETWEEN PHYSICS AND ARCHITECTURE IN ENVIRONMENT CONSCIOUS DESIGN O . D . Corbella
295
Introductory remarks: energy, development and environmental conscious design
Physics and Architecture S. Yannas
301
Physics and architecture. Issues of knowledge transfer and translation to design
S. Los
309
Architecture and conscious design
A. Frangoudakis
317
Can we draw a line between heat transfer and architecture?
M. J. Holtz
323
The application of research results to architectural practice: context, theory, experience and future directions
E. de Oliveira Fernandes
329
The actors in building design: is there any reason for new design team strategies?
building
science
for
energy
vi
Contents
Modelling and Simulation A. Dupagne
333
Applying a solid modelling language to built-form representation and evaluation
J. A. Clarke
345
Building energy simulation: the state-of-the-art
S. R. Hastings
357
Computer design architecture
S. Mahajan
365
Modelling of energy conserving and passive solar buildings
M. AI-Zuhair and A. A. M. Sayigh
369
Designing for comfort in lraq
R. Costa
383
Architecture in black Africa between development and tradition
N. Borda-Diaz, P. I. Mosconi and J. A. Vazquez
389
Passive cooling strategies for a building prototype design in a warm-humid tropic climate
H. P. Garg and R. L. Sawhney
401
A case study of passive houses built for three climatic conditions of India
V. Wittwer
419
Translucent insulation for passive solar energy utilization in buildings
M. A. Gulma, S. L. Lorenzo and J. O. Falaiye
427
Passive solar houses in northern Nigeria: the west African sub-region
C. F. Ratto
433
Climatic data availability and modelling
J. K. Page
441
Operational aspects of using meteorology for energy purposes
P. C. Jain
493
Modelling of the diffuse radiation in environment conscious architecture: the problem and its management
M. M. Bonzagni and R. Guzzi
501
Modelling the energetic impact. Two case studies: the natural energy in a town and in an industrial plant
F. Parmiggiani and R. Guzzi
509
The use of high resolution satellite images for land planning and urban development management
tools
for
climate-responsive
Case Studies of Bioclimatic Design
Climatic Data and Modelling
NUMBER5 Articles A. A. Badran
517
The water-trickle ceramic solar collector
J. Miiller, G. Reisinger, J. Kisgeci, E. Kotta, M. Tesic and W. Miihlbauer
523
Development of a greenhouse-type solar dryer for medicinal plants and herbs
A. M. Mujahid, M. Audi and F. AI-Habdan
531
Heat transfer coefficient for asymmetric heated rectangular duct in transient state
M. F. A. Alias, A. H. Al-Foadi, A. A. J. AI-Douri, F. S. Hasoon and L. L. Kazmerski
537
Optical properties of a-Si:B films
Contents
vii
C. Armenta
541
Cycling efficiency improvement in photovoltaic lead-acid storage batteries
X. Berger and J. Bathiebo
551
From spectral clear sky emissivity to total clear sky emissivity
P. C. Agrawal
557
A review of passive systems for natural heating and cooling of buildings
E. L. Ameziane, M. Khaidar, A. Bennouna, A. Abouelaoualim and A. Essafti
569
Thermal annealing effects on aluminium amorphous silicon diode prepared by RF sputtering
F. A. W. Hamad
573
Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer in inclined cylindrical annulus
S. Rheault and E. Bilgen
581
Experimental study of the thermal performance of automated venetian blind windows
B. S. Negi, S. S. Mathur and T. C. Kandpal
589
Optical and thermal performance evaluation of a linear Fresnel reflector solar concentrator
C. D. Rakopoulos
595
Auxiliary power supply mode and water draw profile effects on the performance of thermosyphonic solar heaters with heat exchanger
605
Wind resource potentials at Quetta
K. Zabara and H. Zenginoglou
611
Statistical analysis of relative sunshine in Athens
Technical Notes M. R. I. Ramadan
615
Effect of minority carrier lifetime in solar cells
M. R. !. Ramadan and A. A. EI-Sebaii
619
Comparison of measured and predicted data of solar radiation over Tanta
M. L. Helmy
623
Axial flow turbine design for wind power
A. A. Ammar, A. M. Okaz and A. A. Ghoneim
627
Investigation of optimum parameters for solar domestic hot water system in Alexandria, Egypt
A. EI-Mallah and A. M. Soltan
633
A nomogram for estimating capacity factors of wind turbines using site and machine characteristics
Book Reviews A. A. M. Sayigh
637
Wind Turbine--Worldwide Catalogue 1988- 89
A. A. M. Sayigh
637
Solar Design: Components, Systems, Economics. By J. F. Kreider, C. J. Hoogendoorn and F. Kreith
L. B. Mullett
639
Amendment
Calendar of Events
641
Data Bank Y. Z. Jafri, N. Farooqui, A. U. Durrani and S. M. Raza
viii
Contents NUMBER6
Articles A. A. Ammar, A. M. Okaz, M. M. Sorour and A. A. Ghoneim
643
Efficient collection and storage of solar energy
Y. P. Yadav and G. N. Tiwari
653
Demonstration plants of fibre reinforced plastic multiwick solar still: an experimental study
C. Armenta, J. Doria and M. C. de AndrOs
667
Influence of current rate onto a lead acid cell performance in photovoltaic applications
M. M. EI-Kassaby
675
Experimental comparison of the performance of four different designs of flat-plate collectors
A. Frangoudakis, G. Papadakis and S. Kyritsis
681
Radiation exchange calculations in wrapped enclosures composed of diathermanous boundary walls
H. M. Shafey, A. K. Mahmoud, I. M. Ismail and M. G. Morsy
691
Performance of a covered small-scale solar pond with a planar reflector
B. B. Yatim, M. Y. Hj. Othman and M. N. Dalimin
699
Long-term performance of a 1.2 kW peak PV water pumping system
A. H. M. Shousha
705
Performance characteristics of thin film MIS solar cells
A. K. Sharma, R. Gopal, R. Dwivedi and S. K. Srivastava
713
Performance analysis of deuterium ion implanted polycrystalline silicon solar cell
S. A. Lawrence and G. N. Tiwari
717
Performance study of an evaporative cooling system for a typical house in Port Moresby
Data Bank S. K. Adjepong and C. Okujagu
725
Correlation between the time-series of air temperature and incident solar radiation at Port Harcourt, Nigeria
R. M. Kainkwa and C. B. S. Uiso
729
Survey of wind pattern and available wind power in Tanzania
Technical Notes P. T. Tsilingiris
733
Parametric steady state solar pond analyses numerical approach
A. M. Taleb, A. A-K. Hussain and M. A. AI-Abbasi
739
Use of solutions in the collection of solar energy
K. Tennakone, S. Punchihewa and A. C. Jayasuriya
743
The optimum energy harvest efficiency of nitrogen fixing hydrophyte: Azollapinnata
M. A. C. Chendo and R. I. Salawu
747
Design considerations of a total energy power system for a rural health centre in Nigeria
a
AUTHOR INDEX Abouelaoualim, A. 569 Abu-Allan, F. 85 Adane, A. 247 Adjepong, S. K. 283, 725 Afeef, M. i Agrawal, P. C. 557 Ai-Abbasi, M. A. 739 Ai-Douri, A. A. J. 537 Ai-Foadl, A. H. 537 Ai-Habdan, F. 531 Ai-Hamdani, N. 29 Ai-Jamal, Kh. H. 203 Ai-Karaghouli, A. 29 Ai-Sinan, W. 29 Ai-Zuhalr, M. 369 All, H. M. 137 Alias, M. F. A. 537 Alterio, S. 253 Ameziane, E. L. 569 Ammar, A. A. 627, 643 Ammouri, H. AI. 165 Ananl, A. 85 Andres, M. C. de 667 Armenta, C. 541, 667 Audi, M. 531 Baba, H. 51 Badran, A. A. 517 Barbaro, S. Iii, 253 Bathlebo, J. 551 Baykara, S. Z. 183 Bennouna, A. 569 Berger, X. 551 Bilgen, E. 183, 581 Bonzagnl, M. M. 501 Borda-Diaz, N. 389
Ei-Kassaby, M. M. 675 EI-Mallah, A. 633 Ei-Sebali, A. A. 619 Elsayed, M. M. 19 Esper, A. 189 Essafti, A. 569 Exell, R. H. B. 59 Ezekwe, C. I. 257 Falaiye, J. O. 427 Fara, V. L. 165 Farooqui, N. 605 Festa, R. 125 Frangoudakis, A. 317, 681 Gandhe, V. B. 197 Garg, H. P. 171, 401 Garibotti, C. R. 71 Ghoneim, A. A. 627, 643 Giaconia, C. Iii, 253 Gopal, R. 713 Goplnathan, K. K. 265 Grigorescu, R. 165 Gulma, M. A. 427 Guzzl, R. 501, 509 Hamad, F. A. W. 573 Hamakawa, Y. 235, 241 Hasoon, F. S. 537 Hastings, S. R. 357 Helmy, M. L. 623 Holtz, M. J. 323 Hossain, J. 91 Hrlshikesan, D. S. 171 Hussain, A. A-K. 739 Ismail, I. M.
Cannlstraro, G. iii, 253 Caourls, Y. G. 217, 225 Chendo, M. A. C. 747 Chinnappa, J. C. V. 41 Clarke, J. A. 345 Corbella, O. D. 71, 295 Costa, R. 383 D'Alessio, L. I01 Dalimin, M. N. 699 Dan, P. D. 41 Dorla, J. 667 Dupagne, A. 333 Durrani, A. U. 605 Dwivedi, R. 713
691
Jabbar, G. A. 143 Jafarpur, K. 177 Jafrl, Y. Z. 605 Jain, P. C. 493 Jayasuriya, A. C. 743 Jha, R. 171 Jibril, Z. 85 Kainkwa, R. M. 729 Kanayama, K. 51 Kandpal, T. C. 589 Katsoulis, B. D. 79 Kazmerski, L. L. 537 Khaldar, M. 569 ix
Author Index
Kisgeci, J. 523 Kittas, C. 225 Kotta, E. 523 Kyritsis, S. 681
Rakopoulos, C. D. 595 Ramadan, M. R. I. 615, 619 Ratto, C. F. 125, 433 Raza, S. M. 605 Relslnger, G. 523 Rheault, S. 581
Lawrence, S. A. 717 Lorenzo, S. L. 427 Los, S. 309 Lutz, K. 189
Salaw~, R. I. 747 Santamouris, M. 79, 225 Sawhney, R. L. 401 Sayigh, A. A. M. 97, 203, 291, 369, 637 Shafey, H. M. 691 Sharma, A. K. 713 Shousha, A. H. M. 705 Soltan, A. M. 633 Soraplpatana, C. 59 Sorour, M. M. 643 Srlramulu, V. 197 Srivastava, S. K. 713
Maafi, A. 247 Mahajan, S. 365 Mahmoud, A. K. 691 Mani, A. 75 Martlnez, M. 105 Mathur, S. S. 589 Morsy, M. G. 691 Mosconi, P. I. 389 Muhlbauer, W. 189, 523 Mujahld, A. M. 531 Muller, J. 523 Mullett, L. B. i, 639
Taleb, A. M. 739 Taner, K. 213 Tennakone, K. 743 Teslc, M. 523 Tiwarl, G. N. 653, 717 Trapani, S. iii, 253 Tsilingirls, P. T. 733
Nandwani, S. S. 149 Negi, B. S. 589 Nigim, H. H. 143 Okaz, A. M. 627, 643 Okujagu, C. U. 283, 725 Olivelra Fernandes, E. de Onyegegbu, S. O. 275 Onyejekwe, D. C. ii Orioli, A. iii, 253 Othman, M. Y. Hi. 699 Oztasan, A. 213 Page, J. K. 441 Paolucci, M. i01 Papadakis, G. 681 Parmiggiani, F. 509 Prakash, J. 171 Punchihewa, S. 743 Raju, J. N.
159
Uiso, C. B. S.
729
329 Vazquez, J. A. 389 Venkatesh, A. 75, 197 Wittwer, V.
419
Yadav, Y. P. 653 Yaghoubi, M. A. 177 Yannas, S. 301 Yatlm, B. B. 699 Zabara, K. 611 Zahed, A. H. 19 Zenglnoglou, H. 611
m\\
’
An International Journal Editor-in-Chief -
A A M Sayigh
Volume 6, Contents and Author Index, 1989
PERGAMON BEIJING
* FRANKFURT
- S/i0
PRESS PAUL0
OXFORD - NEW YORK
- SYDNEY
* TOKYO
- TORONTO
SOLAR & WIND TECHNOLOGY Published for the International Solar Energy Society--Arab Section Sponsors: UNESCO, The International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy and Federation of Arab Scientific Research Councils, Baghdad, Iraq
Editor-in-Chief Professor A. A. M. Sayigh, Energy Group, Department of Engineering, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AY, U.K.
Associate Editors Professor C. E. Backus, Director, Center for Research, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, U.S.A. Professor D. O. Hall, King's College, Plant Sciences Department, 68 Half Moon Lane, London SE24 9JF, U.K. Dr P. Musgrove, Department of Engineering, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AY, U.K. Professor G. Peri, Department Heliophtsique, ERA/CNR5538, De Provence 13397, University of Marseilles, Marseilles, France Professor D. Watson, Environmental Design Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, U.S.A.
In ternational Editors J. AI-Ansari, Dharan, Saudi Arabia N. S. AI-Baharna, Isa Town, Bahrain N. 1. AI-Hamdani, Baghdad, lraq L. AI-Houty, Doha, Qatar A. Anani, Amman, Jordan S. Ayyash, Safat, Kuwait M. Baddi, Rabat, Morocco R. Bennaceur, Tunis, Tunisia W. H. Bloss, Stuttgart, F.R.G. I. Chambouleyron, Campinas, Brazil R. Cheng, Shanghai, China P. I. Cooper, Victoria, Australia C. Corvi, Rome, Italy P. D. Dunn, Reading, U.K. A. A. El-Mukhtar, Nouakchott, Mauritania
H. El-Mulki, Amman, Jordan E. A. N. Feitosa, Recife, Brazil E. de O. Fernandes, Porto, Portugal H. P. Garg, New Delhi, India A. Goetzberger, Freiburg, Germany M. Horn, Lima, Peru C. N. Kashkari, Akron, Ohio B. H. Khoshaim, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia A. Luque, Madrid, Spain E. H. Lysen, Amersfoort, The Netherlands J. C. McVeigh, Brighton, U.K. F. Meunier, Orsay, France A. Mufti, Islamabad, Pakistan B. Nabelek, Liben, Czechoslovakia T. Nogouchi, Nagoya, Japan
T. Ohta, Kanagava, Japan M. B. Ouaida, Beirut, Lebanon S. R. Ovinshinsky, Michigan, U.S.A. Parangtopo, Jakarta, Indonesia B. M. Pederson, Lyngby, Denmark F. Peterson, Stockholm, Sweden S. Quraeshi, Quebec, Canada I. A. Sakr, Cairo, Egypt R. 1. Salawu, Lagos, Nigeria B. O. Seraphim, Arizona, U.S.A. W. Shearer, Tokyo, Japan E. Shpilrain, Moscow, U.S.S.R. M. O. Sid-Ahmed, Khartoum, Sudan R. M. Strevel, Mexico
Publishing, Subscription and Advertising Offices
Subscription enquiries from customers in North America should be sent to: Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523, U.S.A., and for the remainder of the world to: Pergamon Press pie, Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 0BW, U.K. Subscription Rates
Annual institutional subscription rate (1990) DM 450.00 (including postage and insurance). Two-year institutional rate (1990/91) DM 855.00. Personal subscription rate for those whose library subscribes at the regular rate (1990) DM 143.00. Prices are subject to change without notification. ISES members may order personal subscriptions at a concessional rate and details of these rates are available on request. Microform Subscriptions and Back Issues
Back issues of all previously published volumes, in both hard copy and on microform, are available direct from Pergamon Press offices. Published six issues per annum Copyright (~ 1989 Pergamon Press pie It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. By submitting a manuscript, the authors agree that the copyright for their article is transferred to the publisher if and when the article is accepted for publication, However, assignment of copyright is not required from authors who work for organizations which do not permit such assignment. The copyright covers the exclusive rights to reproduce and distribute the article, including reprints, photographic reproductions, microfilm and any other reproductions of similar nature and translations. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. Photocopying Information for Users in the U.S.A.
The Item-fee Code for this publication indicates that authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by the copyright holder for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service provided the stated fee for copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the United States Copyright Law is paid. The appropriate remittance of $3.00 per copy per article is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 27 Congress Street. Salem, MA 01970. Permission for Other Use
The copyright owner's consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific written permission must be obtained from the publisher for such copying. *~." The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39,48-1984. The Item-Fee Code for this publication is 0741~83X/89 $3.00 + 0.00
CONTENTS NUMBER 1
Articles M. Afeef and L. B. Mullett
Solar transmission in salt solutions with reference to solar ponds
D.C. Ony~ekwe
Cold storage using eutectic mixture of NaC 1/H20: an application to photovoltaic compressor vapour freezers
A. H. Zahed and M. M. Elsayed
19
Mathematical modelling of a solar kiln
A. AI-Karaghouli, N. AI-Hamdani and W. AI-Sinan
29
Iraqi solar house cooling season performance evaluation
P. D. Dan and J. C. V. Chinnappa
41
The cooling of water flowing over an inclined surface exposed to the night sky
K. Kanayama and H. Baba
51
Analysis and experiment of the performance of a flatplate solar collector considering the wavelength dependence
C. Sorapipatana and R. H. B. Exell
59
Mesoscale mapping of daily Southeast Asia from satellite data
Technical Notes O. D. Corbella and C. R. Garibotti
71
Comments about the comparison between a conventional and solar powered absorption refrigeration system
A. Venkatesh and A. Mani
75
Comparison of performances of single stage and two stage intermittent ammonia-water solar refrigeration systems
M. Santamouris and B. D. Katsoulis
79
Solar radiation over the northwest part of Greece
A. Anani, Z. Jibril and F. Abu-Allan
85
A standardized procedure to the study of costeffectiveness of renewable energy systems in Jordan
J. Hossain
91
Estimation of specific annual energy generation from wind in Antarctica
Book Review A. A. M. Sayigh
97
Solar Cells: Their Optics and Metrology. By M. M. Koltun
Calendar of Events
99 iii
insolation
over
iv
Contents NUMBER2
Articles L. D'Alessio and M. Paolucci
101
Energetic aspects of the syngas production by solar energy: reforming of methane and carbon gasification
M. Martinez
105
Perspectives for energy diversification in Mexico
S. Barbaro, G. Cannistraro, C. Giaconia, A. Orioli and S. Trapani
111
An analysis of direct solar transmittance and atmospheric turbidity in the Mediterranean climatic belt
R. Festa and C. F. Ratto
125
About the importance of correct albedo determination in modeling the diffuse irradiation on tilted surfaces
H. M. Ali
137
Potential of solar ponds in hot climates
H. 14. Nigim and G. A. Jabbar
143
Aerodynamic testing of multi-bladed wind rotors at low Reynolds numbers
S. S. Nandwani
149
Design, construction and experimental study of electriccum solaroven II
J. N. Raju
159
An energy efficient drying chamber for FCV tobacco curing process
Technical Notes V. L. Fara, R. Grigorescu and H. AI. Ammouri
165
Efficiency determination of solar installation by computer simulation of its working parameters
J. Prakash, H. P. Garg, D. S. Hrishikesan and R. Jha
171
Performance studies of an integrated solar collectorcum-storage water heating system with transparent insulation cover
K. Jafarpur and M. A. Yaghoubi
177
Solar radiation for Shiraz, Iran
Calendar of Events
181
NUMBER3 Articles S. Z. Baykara and E. Bilgen
183
Solar hydrogen production by hybrid process of water thermolysis and electrolysis
A. Esper, K. Lntz and W. Miihlbauer
189
Development and testing of plastic film solar air heaters
V. B. Gandhe, A. Venkatesh and V. Sriramuln
197
Thermal analysis of an FMDF solar concentrator
Kh. H. AI-Jamal and A. A. M. Sayigh
203
Design for comfort in Gaza Strip and the West Bank
A. Ozta~an and K. Taner
213
A solar desalination plant for conditions in Turkey
Y. G. Caouris
217
Energy savings in water-sprayed double-covered greenhouses
Contents
v
Y. G. Caouris, C. Kittas and M. Santamouris
225
Regional monthly estimation of greenhouse energy consumption--application to Greece
Y. Hamakawa
235
Status of a-Si technology and its applications to optoelectronics devices
Y. Hamakawa
241
Physics and technologies of efficiency improvements for amorphous silicon solar cells
A. Maafi and A. Adane
247
A two-state Markovian model of global irradiation suitable for photovoltaic conversion
S. Alterio, S. Barbaro, G. Cannistraro, C. Giaconia, A. Orioli and S. Trapani
253
A more reliable relation between Angstr6m and Linke atmospheric turbidity parameters
C. I. Ezekwe
257
Effect of harmattan dust on infrared sky radiation
K. K. Gopinathan
265
Diffuse irradiation contours for southern Africa
S . O . Onyegegbu
275
Performance of photovoltaic cells in an equatorial climate
C. U. Okujagu and S. K. Adjepong
283
Performance of a simple fiat plate solar collector at an equatorial location
Book Reviews A. A. M. Sayigh
291
Design for Northern Climates: Cold-Climate Planning and Environmental Design. By Vladimir Matus
A. A. M. Sayigh
291
Engineering Principles and Concepts for Active Solar Systems
Calendar of Evenls
293
Data Bank
TechnicalNotes
NUMBER4 SPECIAL ISSUE: INTERACTION BETWEEN PHYSICS AND ARCHITECTURE IN ENVIRONMENT CONSCIOUS DESIGN O . D . Corbella
295
Introductory remarks: energy, development and environmental conscious design
Physics and Architecture S. Yannas
301
Physics and architecture. Issues of knowledge transfer and translation to design
S. Los
309
Architecture and conscious design
A. Frangoudakis
317
Can we draw a line between heat transfer and architecture?
M. J. Holtz
323
The application of research results to architectural practice: context, theory, experience and future directions
E. de Oliveira Fernandes
329
The actors in building design: is there any reason for new design team strategies?
building
science
for
energy
vi
Contents
Modelling and Simulation A. Dupagne
333
Applying a solid modelling language to built-form representation and evaluation
J. A. Clarke
345
Building energy simulation: the state-of-the-art
S. R. Hastings
357
Computer design architecture
S. Mahajan
365
Modelling of energy conserving and passive solar buildings
M. AI-Zuhair and A. A. M. Sayigh
369
Designing for comfort in lraq
R. Costa
383
Architecture in black Africa between development and tradition
N. Borda-Diaz, P. I. Mosconi and J. A. Vazquez
389
Passive cooling strategies for a building prototype design in a warm-humid tropic climate
H. P. Garg and R. L. Sawhney
401
A case study of passive houses built for three climatic conditions of India
V. Wittwer
419
Translucent insulation for passive solar energy utilization in buildings
M. A. Gulma, S. L. Lorenzo and J. O. Falaiye
427
Passive solar houses in northern Nigeria: the west African sub-region
C. F. Ratto
433
Climatic data availability and modelling
J. K. Page
441
Operational aspects of using meteorology for energy purposes
P. C. Jain
493
Modelling of the diffuse radiation in environment conscious architecture: the problem and its management
M. M. Bonzagni and R. Guzzi
501
Modelling the energetic impact. Two case studies: the natural energy in a town and in an industrial plant
F. Parmiggiani and R. Guzzi
509
The use of high resolution satellite images for land planning and urban development management
tools
for
climate-responsive
Case Studies of Bioclimatic Design
Climatic Data and Modelling
NUMBER5 Articles A. A. Badran
517
The water-trickle ceramic solar collector
J. Miiller, G. Reisinger, J. Kisgeci, E. Kotta, M. Tesic and W. Miihlbauer
523
Development of a greenhouse-type solar dryer for medicinal plants and herbs
A. M. Mujahid, M. Audi and F. AI-Habdan
531
Heat transfer coefficient for asymmetric heated rectangular duct in transient state
M. F. A. Alias, A. H. Al-Foadi, A. A. J. AI-Douri, F. S. Hasoon and L. L. Kazmerski
537
Optical properties of a-Si:B films
Contents
vii
C. Armenta
541
Cycling efficiency improvement in photovoltaic lead-acid storage batteries
X. Berger and J. Bathiebo
551
From spectral clear sky emissivity to total clear sky emissivity
P. C. Agrawal
557
A review of passive systems for natural heating and cooling of buildings
E. L. Ameziane, M. Khaidar, A. Bennouna, A. Abouelaoualim and A. Essafti
569
Thermal annealing effects on aluminium amorphous silicon diode prepared by RF sputtering
F. A. W. Hamad
573
Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer in inclined cylindrical annulus
S. Rheault and E. Bilgen
581
Experimental study of the thermal performance of automated venetian blind windows
B. S. Negi, S. S. Mathur and T. C. Kandpal
589
Optical and thermal performance evaluation of a linear Fresnel reflector solar concentrator
C. D. Rakopoulos
595
Auxiliary power supply mode and water draw profile effects on the performance of thermosyphonic solar heaters with heat exchanger
605
Wind resource potentials at Quetta
K. Zabara and H. Zenginoglou
611
Statistical analysis of relative sunshine in Athens
Technical Notes M. R. I. Ramadan
615
Effect of minority carrier lifetime in solar cells
M. R. !. Ramadan and A. A. EI-Sebaii
619
Comparison of measured and predicted data of solar radiation over Tanta
M. L. Helmy
623
Axial flow turbine design for wind power
A. A. Ammar, A. M. Okaz and A. A. Ghoneim
627
Investigation of optimum parameters for solar domestic hot water system in Alexandria, Egypt
A. EI-Mallah and A. M. Soltan
633
A nomogram for estimating capacity factors of wind turbines using site and machine characteristics
Book Reviews A. A. M. Sayigh
637
Wind Turbine--Worldwide Catalogue 1988- 89
A. A. M. Sayigh
637
Solar Design: Components, Systems, Economics. By J. F. Kreider, C. J. Hoogendoorn and F. Kreith
L. B. Mullett
639
Amendment
Calendar of Events
641
Data Bank Y. Z. Jafri, N. Farooqui, A. U. Durrani and S. M. Raza
viii
Contents NUMBER6
Articles A. A. Ammar, A. M. Okaz, M. M. Sorour and A. A. Ghoneim
643
Efficient collection and storage of solar energy
Y. P. Yadav and G. N. Tiwari
653
Demonstration plants of fibre reinforced plastic multiwick solar still: an experimental study
C. Armenta, J. Doria and M. C. de AndrOs
667
Influence of current rate onto a lead acid cell performance in photovoltaic applications
M. M. EI-Kassaby
675
Experimental comparison of the performance of four different designs of flat-plate collectors
A. Frangoudakis, G. Papadakis and S. Kyritsis
681
Radiation exchange calculations in wrapped enclosures composed of diathermanous boundary walls
H. M. Shafey, A. K. Mahmoud, I. M. Ismail and M. G. Morsy
691
Performance of a covered small-scale solar pond with a planar reflector
B. B. Yatim, M. Y. Hj. Othman and M. N. Dalimin
699
Long-term performance of a 1.2 kW peak PV water pumping system
A. H. M. Shousha
705
Performance characteristics of thin film MIS solar cells
A. K. Sharma, R. Gopal, R. Dwivedi and S. K. Srivastava
713
Performance analysis of deuterium ion implanted polycrystalline silicon solar cell
S. A. Lawrence and G. N. Tiwari
717
Performance study of an evaporative cooling system for a typical house in Port Moresby
Data Bank S. K. Adjepong and C. Okujagu
725
Correlation between the time-series of air temperature and incident solar radiation at Port Harcourt, Nigeria
R. M. Kainkwa and C. B. S. Uiso
729
Survey of wind pattern and available wind power in Tanzania
Technical Notes P. T. Tsilingiris
733
Parametric steady state solar pond analyses numerical approach
A. M. Taleb, A. A-K. Hussain and M. A. AI-Abbasi
739
Use of solutions in the collection of solar energy
K. Tennakone, S. Punchihewa and A. C. Jayasuriya
743
The optimum energy harvest efficiency of nitrogen fixing hydrophyte: Azollapinnata
M. A. C. Chendo and R. I. Salawu
747
Design considerations of a total energy power system for a rural health centre in Nigeria
a
AUTHOR INDEX Abouelaoualim, A. 569 Abu-Allan, F. 85 Adane, A. 247 Adjepong, S. K. 283, 725 Afeef, M. i Agrawal, P. C. 557 Ai-Abbasi, M. A. 739 Ai-Douri, A. A. J. 537 Ai-Foadl, A. H. 537 Ai-Habdan, F. 531 Ai-Hamdani, N. 29 Ai-Jamal, Kh. H. 203 Ai-Karaghouli, A. 29 Ai-Sinan, W. 29 Ai-Zuhalr, M. 369 All, H. M. 137 Alias, M. F. A. 537 Alterio, S. 253 Ameziane, E. L. 569 Ammar, A. A. 627, 643 Ammouri, H. AI. 165 Ananl, A. 85 Andres, M. C. de 667 Armenta, C. 541, 667 Audi, M. 531 Baba, H. 51 Badran, A. A. 517 Barbaro, S. Iii, 253 Bathlebo, J. 551 Baykara, S. Z. 183 Bennouna, A. 569 Berger, X. 551 Bilgen, E. 183, 581 Bonzagnl, M. M. 501 Borda-Diaz, N. 389
Ei-Kassaby, M. M. 675 EI-Mallah, A. 633 Ei-Sebali, A. A. 619 Elsayed, M. M. 19 Esper, A. 189 Essafti, A. 569 Exell, R. H. B. 59 Ezekwe, C. I. 257 Falaiye, J. O. 427 Fara, V. L. 165 Farooqui, N. 605 Festa, R. 125 Frangoudakis, A. 317, 681 Gandhe, V. B. 197 Garg, H. P. 171, 401 Garibotti, C. R. 71 Ghoneim, A. A. 627, 643 Giaconia, C. Iii, 253 Gopal, R. 713 Goplnathan, K. K. 265 Grigorescu, R. 165 Gulma, M. A. 427 Guzzl, R. 501, 509 Hamad, F. A. W. 573 Hamakawa, Y. 235, 241 Hasoon, F. S. 537 Hastings, S. R. 357 Helmy, M. L. 623 Holtz, M. J. 323 Hossain, J. 91 Hrlshikesan, D. S. 171 Hussain, A. A-K. 739 Ismail, I. M.
Cannlstraro, G. iii, 253 Caourls, Y. G. 217, 225 Chendo, M. A. C. 747 Chinnappa, J. C. V. 41 Clarke, J. A. 345 Corbella, O. D. 71, 295 Costa, R. 383 D'Alessio, L. I01 Dalimin, M. N. 699 Dan, P. D. 41 Dorla, J. 667 Dupagne, A. 333 Durrani, A. U. 605 Dwivedi, R. 713
691
Jabbar, G. A. 143 Jafarpur, K. 177 Jafrl, Y. Z. 605 Jain, P. C. 493 Jayasuriya, A. C. 743 Jha, R. 171 Jibril, Z. 85 Kainkwa, R. M. 729 Kanayama, K. 51 Kandpal, T. C. 589 Katsoulis, B. D. 79 Kazmerski, L. L. 537 Khaldar, M. 569 ix
Author Index
Kisgeci, J. 523 Kittas, C. 225 Kotta, E. 523 Kyritsis, S. 681
Rakopoulos, C. D. 595 Ramadan, M. R. I. 615, 619 Ratto, C. F. 125, 433 Raza, S. M. 605 Relslnger, G. 523 Rheault, S. 581
Lawrence, S. A. 717 Lorenzo, S. L. 427 Los, S. 309 Lutz, K. 189
Salaw~, R. I. 747 Santamouris, M. 79, 225 Sawhney, R. L. 401 Sayigh, A. A. M. 97, 203, 291, 369, 637 Shafey, H. M. 691 Sharma, A. K. 713 Shousha, A. H. M. 705 Soltan, A. M. 633 Soraplpatana, C. 59 Sorour, M. M. 643 Srlramulu, V. 197 Srivastava, S. K. 713
Maafi, A. 247 Mahajan, S. 365 Mahmoud, A. K. 691 Mani, A. 75 Martlnez, M. 105 Mathur, S. S. 589 Morsy, M. G. 691 Mosconi, P. I. 389 Muhlbauer, W. 189, 523 Mujahld, A. M. 531 Muller, J. 523 Mullett, L. B. i, 639
Taleb, A. M. 739 Taner, K. 213 Tennakone, K. 743 Teslc, M. 523 Tiwarl, G. N. 653, 717 Trapani, S. iii, 253 Tsilingirls, P. T. 733
Nandwani, S. S. 149 Negi, B. S. 589 Nigim, H. H. 143 Okaz, A. M. 627, 643 Okujagu, C. U. 283, 725 Olivelra Fernandes, E. de Onyegegbu, S. O. 275 Onyejekwe, D. C. ii Orioli, A. iii, 253 Othman, M. Y. Hi. 699 Oztasan, A. 213 Page, J. K. 441 Paolucci, M. i01 Papadakis, G. 681 Parmiggiani, F. 509 Prakash, J. 171 Punchihewa, S. 743 Raju, J. N.
159
Uiso, C. B. S.
729
329 Vazquez, J. A. 389 Venkatesh, A. 75, 197 Wittwer, V.
419
Yadav, Y. P. 653 Yaghoubi, M. A. 177 Yannas, S. 301 Yatlm, B. B. 699 Zabara, K. 611 Zahed, A. H. 19 Zenglnoglou, H. 611