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00127 Gas technologies for small-scale power generation
03
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
starting point for further discussion of the theme covered at this workshop and which will. without doubt. remain a topical issue well after implementation of the European gas directive.
00100126 Ofgas puts competition Euc,~ U’OI?~.1999. XX. April. 7.
00/00133
into gas storage
different
Ofgas and BG Storage have reached an agreement on the storage of gas. which is expected to lead to a reduction in the price of gas in the winter.
Economics,
OOlOO127
Business,
Gas technologies
Marketing,
for small-scale
Policy
power generation
Lancelot. C. C;cr: dbrrjo[rrt/‘lflri. IYYY. 123. (7-Y). Y-IO. (In French) The first workshop of the 116th Ga\ Conference in Nancy will be devoted to a new use of ga\ which is gaining a foothold in the French market. In Europe and elsewhere. certain new technologies arc already used in industry. while others. such as the fuel cell. are still at the development stage. After a first article presenting an overview of this emerging market. a second article is devoted to fuel cells.
International comparisons of productivity 00100126 determinants in the natural gas industry
and its
Kim. T.-Y. er trl. &c~,;<~ Ecorfornicr, 1999, 21. (3). 273-293. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of the natural gas industry using an inter-country comparison of productivity level and its determinant\. Three methodologies: multilateral Tiirnqvist productivity analysis: managerial index system analysis: and non-parametric efficiency analysis. are employed to make a methodological cross-checking and to perform diversified an)ilysi\. From the empirical results. the level and growth rate of productlvlty of individual firms have been identified. The results also indicate that the Korean gas industry has shown a relatively low level of productivity. From the results of managerial performance index analysis. it was found that during the recent years of regulatory changes, the final price of gas has decreased dramatically while the productivity growth has not heen enough to offset the effect of decreased output price, which has resulted in decreased profit. Additionally, the extent of the allocative, scale and managerial efficiency as source components of the overall efficiency hased on the performance of best-practised are examined. With the results of this study. an effective policy measure could he established to improve the producticity and the overall managerial performance in the natural gas industry.
00/00129 .&er~~ IV&f.
Irish gas network to expand 1999, October, 273, 4.
The Irish gas distribution network is expected to expand in the near future, to reach the majority of the countries people.
00100130
Liquefied
natural gas supply optimisation
2000, 41. (2), 153-161. Kuwahara. N. et N/. Elrerbl)’ Co!n,er.~. Manage., Studies performed by several Brazilian institutions concluded that liquefied natural gas (LNG) could he the best fuel to generate electric power in some non inter-linked networks in the Brazilian Amazonas Region. Based on this assumption. a non-linear model was developed to optimize the LNG supply for such systems in the State of Parri. The results obtained show that in such cases, the proposed model is very efficient for optimizing LNG supply systems.
00100131
Revolution
Catalytic zeolites
Fuels
upgrading
of pyrolytic
oils to fuel over
Vitolo. S. cf nl. F~rel, 1999, 78. (IO). 1147-l ISY. The upgrading of wood pyrolysis oils produced in the ENEL fast-pyrolysi\ plant located in Bastardo. Italy, and in the Union Fenosa fast-pyrolysis plant located in La Coruna, Spain, was studied by using HZSM-5 and H-Y zeolites in a fixed-hed laboratory scale reactor, ar different temperatures and residence times. The products of the catalytic upgrading were a liquid fraction, char, coke. tar and gas. While the upgraded liquid ohrained hy using the HZSM-5 consisted of easily separable organic and aqueour layers. the liquid obtained by using the H-Y zeolite consisted of a single phase in which the organic components were either dispersed or dissolved in the water. The effect of temperature, catalyst type and residence time in the reactor on the yields of the fractions ohtained (oil. char. tar. coke. $a\ and aqueous fraction) and on the characteristics of the upgraded o11\ WBS examined. CO* and steam-gasification in a high-pressure wire00100134 mesh reactor: the reactivity of Daw Mill coal and combustion reactivity of its chars
Mesaenhiick. R. C. et nl. Fuel. lY99. 7X. (7). 7X1-793. Interrelationships between extents of coal gasification. char gasification and combustion reactivlties have heen examined as a function of CO1.
00/00135 COz strong chemisorption char gasification reactivity
as an estimate
of coal
Molina, A. ef al. Ftre[, 1999, 78, (8), 971-977. The correlation of coal char gasification with the strong chemisorption of CO2 at 3OO’C is discussed in this article. Chars of demineralized, potassium and iron loaded coals were prepared at 800°C. under high purity nitrogen. The CO2 chemisorption method described in this article allows differentiation between two types of chemisorption that takes place at low temperatures. Firstly, strong CO1 chemisorption (irreversible) which is related to the presence of the active inorganic components of the char, and secondly, weak CO: chemisorption (reversible) due to the organic matter of the char. The char loaded with potassium showed the highest CO: strong chemisorption and at the same time the highest reactivity in the CO2 gasification. while the char loaded with iron had the highest amount of weak chemisorption. It was found that total chemisorption (weak + strong) at 300°C depends on the pressure of CO:. The amount of CO2 strongly chemisorbed at 300°C was used to standardize the reactivity of rhe CO1 gasification of the char.
in the natural gas industry
Thomas, V. I~I. .l. H~&ocur/~~n Eng., 1999, 4, (S), 12-14, 16-17. Environmental regulations and market forces have opened a window of opportunity to establish the common viability of processes to convert natural gas to high quality liquid transport fuels and hlending agents using Fischer-Tropsch technology. The question addressed in this paper is. will gas to liquid technology transform the natural gas industry’? In addition the common viability of these technologies as a means of utilizing remote gas reserves is also covered.
00100132 Working practices of European gas network operators Paty, M. et cl/. Goz dh~jo~~!‘hui, 1999, 123, (7-9), 35-49. (In French) The third workshop of the 116th Gas Conference in Nancy will present a European panorama of working practices in gas distribution. The documents included in this article, without claiming to he exhaustive, illustrate the differences and similarities between working practices in Europe. With European standardization and the work of harmonization hodies set up hy the European gas industry, the situation is likely to change over the coming years.
14
Derived Gaseous
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 2000
OOlOO136
Coal gasification
composite
production
plant
Hizuka, J. ef al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP I I 190.2Oh [99 190.2Ohl (Cl. FOlK23110). I3 Jul 1999, Appl. 19971357,337. 25 Dee 1997: 5 pp. (In Jaoanese) Cdal-gasification composite production plants are discussed in thih paper, The plants utilize coal-gas in numerous ways, for example. coal mining plants, coal gasifiers, and oxygen manufacturing plants. methanol synthesk plants and power plants.
00/00137
Coal gaslfier
and its control
method
Furue, T. CI al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP IO 330,767 [98 330.7671] (Cl. ClOJ3/46), I5 Dee 1998, J P Appl. 971140.205. 29 May 1997. 9 pp. (In Japanese). Described in this article is a coal gasifier, which can partially oxidize coal. Oxidation occurs as a result of rotary flow in the gasifier, the gas produced is released from the top of the gasifier and the slag of coal ash (char) is discharged from the bottom of the gasifier. The gasifier comprises of at least one coal burner in the upper part of the gasifier. one or more char burners in the lower part of the gasifier. connected to each char hurner is a
Gaseous fuels (derived gaseous fuels)
starting point for further discussion of the theme covered at this workshop and which will. without doubt. remain a topical issue well after implementation of the European gas directive.
00100126 Ofgas puts competition Euc,~ U’OI?~.1999. XX. April. 7.
00/00133
into gas storage
different
Ofgas and BG Storage have reached an agreement on the storage of gas. which is expected to lead to a reduction in the price of gas in the winter.
Economics,
OOlOO127
Business,
Gas technologies
Marketing,
for small-scale
Policy
power generation
Lancelot. C. C;cr: dbrrjo[rrt/‘lflri. IYYY. 123. (7-Y). Y-IO. (In French) The first workshop of the 116th Ga\ Conference in Nancy will be devoted to a new use of ga\ which is gaining a foothold in the French market. In Europe and elsewhere. certain new technologies arc already used in industry. while others. such as the fuel cell. are still at the development stage. After a first article presenting an overview of this emerging market. a second article is devoted to fuel cells.
International comparisons of productivity 00100126 determinants in the natural gas industry
and its
Kim. T.-Y. er trl. &c~,;<~ Ecorfornicr, 1999, 21. (3). 273-293. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the performance of the natural gas industry using an inter-country comparison of productivity level and its determinant\. Three methodologies: multilateral Tiirnqvist productivity analysis: managerial index system analysis: and non-parametric efficiency analysis. are employed to make a methodological cross-checking and to perform diversified an)ilysi\. From the empirical results. the level and growth rate of productlvlty of individual firms have been identified. The results also indicate that the Korean gas industry has shown a relatively low level of productivity. From the results of managerial performance index analysis. it was found that during the recent years of regulatory changes, the final price of gas has decreased dramatically while the productivity growth has not heen enough to offset the effect of decreased output price, which has resulted in decreased profit. Additionally, the extent of the allocative, scale and managerial efficiency as source components of the overall efficiency hased on the performance of best-practised are examined. With the results of this study. an effective policy measure could he established to improve the producticity and the overall managerial performance in the natural gas industry.
00/00129 .&er~~ IV&f.
Irish gas network to expand 1999, October, 273, 4.
The Irish gas distribution network is expected to expand in the near future, to reach the majority of the countries people.
00100130
Liquefied
natural gas supply optimisation
2000, 41. (2), 153-161. Kuwahara. N. et N/. Elrerbl)’ Co!n,er.~. Manage., Studies performed by several Brazilian institutions concluded that liquefied natural gas (LNG) could he the best fuel to generate electric power in some non inter-linked networks in the Brazilian Amazonas Region. Based on this assumption. a non-linear model was developed to optimize the LNG supply for such systems in the State of Parri. The results obtained show that in such cases, the proposed model is very efficient for optimizing LNG supply systems.
00100131
Revolution
Catalytic zeolites
Fuels
upgrading
of pyrolytic
oils to fuel over
Vitolo. S. cf nl. F~rel, 1999, 78. (IO). 1147-l ISY. The upgrading of wood pyrolysis oils produced in the ENEL fast-pyrolysi\ plant located in Bastardo. Italy, and in the Union Fenosa fast-pyrolysis plant located in La Coruna, Spain, was studied by using HZSM-5 and H-Y zeolites in a fixed-hed laboratory scale reactor, ar different temperatures and residence times. The products of the catalytic upgrading were a liquid fraction, char, coke. tar and gas. While the upgraded liquid ohrained hy using the HZSM-5 consisted of easily separable organic and aqueour layers. the liquid obtained by using the H-Y zeolite consisted of a single phase in which the organic components were either dispersed or dissolved in the water. The effect of temperature, catalyst type and residence time in the reactor on the yields of the fractions ohtained (oil. char. tar. coke. $a\ and aqueous fraction) and on the characteristics of the upgraded o11\ WBS examined. CO* and steam-gasification in a high-pressure wire00100134 mesh reactor: the reactivity of Daw Mill coal and combustion reactivity of its chars
Mesaenhiick. R. C. et nl. Fuel. lY99. 7X. (7). 7X1-793. Interrelationships between extents of coal gasification. char gasification and combustion reactivlties have heen examined as a function of CO1.
00/00135 COz strong chemisorption char gasification reactivity
as an estimate
of coal
Molina, A. ef al. Ftre[, 1999, 78, (8), 971-977. The correlation of coal char gasification with the strong chemisorption of CO2 at 3OO’C is discussed in this article. Chars of demineralized, potassium and iron loaded coals were prepared at 800°C. under high purity nitrogen. The CO2 chemisorption method described in this article allows differentiation between two types of chemisorption that takes place at low temperatures. Firstly, strong CO1 chemisorption (irreversible) which is related to the presence of the active inorganic components of the char, and secondly, weak CO: chemisorption (reversible) due to the organic matter of the char. The char loaded with potassium showed the highest CO: strong chemisorption and at the same time the highest reactivity in the CO2 gasification. while the char loaded with iron had the highest amount of weak chemisorption. It was found that total chemisorption (weak + strong) at 300°C depends on the pressure of CO:. The amount of CO2 strongly chemisorbed at 300°C was used to standardize the reactivity of rhe CO1 gasification of the char.
in the natural gas industry
Thomas, V. I~I. .l. H~&ocur/~~n Eng., 1999, 4, (S), 12-14, 16-17. Environmental regulations and market forces have opened a window of opportunity to establish the common viability of processes to convert natural gas to high quality liquid transport fuels and hlending agents using Fischer-Tropsch technology. The question addressed in this paper is. will gas to liquid technology transform the natural gas industry’? In addition the common viability of these technologies as a means of utilizing remote gas reserves is also covered.
00100132 Working practices of European gas network operators Paty, M. et cl/. Goz dh~jo~~!‘hui, 1999, 123, (7-9), 35-49. (In French) The third workshop of the 116th Gas Conference in Nancy will present a European panorama of working practices in gas distribution. The documents included in this article, without claiming to he exhaustive, illustrate the differences and similarities between working practices in Europe. With European standardization and the work of harmonization hodies set up hy the European gas industry, the situation is likely to change over the coming years.
14
Derived Gaseous
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 2000
OOlOO136
Coal gasification
composite
production
plant
Hizuka, J. ef al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP I I 190.2Oh [99 190.2Ohl (Cl. FOlK23110). I3 Jul 1999, Appl. 19971357,337. 25 Dee 1997: 5 pp. (In Jaoanese) Cdal-gasification composite production plants are discussed in thih paper, The plants utilize coal-gas in numerous ways, for example. coal mining plants, coal gasifiers, and oxygen manufacturing plants. methanol synthesk plants and power plants.
00/00137
Coal gaslfier
and its control
method
Furue, T. CI al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP IO 330,767 [98 330.7671] (Cl. ClOJ3/46), I5 Dee 1998, J P Appl. 971140.205. 29 May 1997. 9 pp. (In Japanese). Described in this article is a coal gasifier, which can partially oxidize coal. Oxidation occurs as a result of rotary flow in the gasifier, the gas produced is released from the top of the gasifier and the slag of coal ash (char) is discharged from the bottom of the gasifier. The gasifier comprises of at least one coal burner in the upper part of the gasifier. one or more char burners in the lower part of the gasifier. connected to each char hurner is a