- Email: [email protected]
5. Survey of satellites and space probes
LIST OF SATELLITE
AND SPACE PROBES (01 December
Kourou, French Guiana
Kourou
Tyuratam, Kazhakstan
Taiyuan (Wuzhai)
Taiyuan ETR, Kennedy SC
2 December [> 1 million yr]
2 December [2736 yr]
2 December [> 1 million yr]
8 December 149Yrl
8 December 149 Yrl
8 December [> 1 million yr]
JP
DERlS
LU
USA
USA
USA
1997-0758 Equator-S
1997-076A Astra 1G
1997-077A Iridium 42
1997-0778 Iridium 44
1997-078A Galaxy VIII-i
Launch Site
1997-075A JC-Sat 5
Launch Date 1997
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
COSPAR Designation
Stationary telecommunications. Mass of satellite at launch was 2982.00 kg and at beginning of life 1841.OOkg. Satellite initially located over 139OE,but to be operated over 150°E. Planned operational lifetime is 12 years. Astrophysical sciences: to measure the effects of the solar wind on the Earths magnetic and electrical fields. (Satellite part of International Solar Terrestrial Physics programme). Mass of satellite is 236.30 kg. Stationary telecommunications. Mass of satellite at launch was 3010.00 kg and at beginning of life 2300.00 kg. Satellite initially located over 23-24OE,but to be operated over 19.2OE.Planned operational lifetime is a minimum of 15 years. Mobile telecommunications. Eighth launch of Mdium satellites, with two satellites onboard the Chinese CZPC SD launch vehicle with the new upper stage SD (Smart Dispenser). Mass of each satellite is 689.00 kg. As 1997-077A. Stationary telecommunications. Mass at launch was 3550.00 kg and at beginning of life 1962.00 kg. The satellite is to be operated by Hughes Communications Inc to provide a dedicated Latin American service replacing Galaxy 8 (originally Galaxy 34. Planned operational lifetime is about 15 years.
Ariane 44P
Proton-K
CZ-2C SD
CZQC SD Atlas IIAS
Missiotinformation
Ariane 44P
Launch Vehicle Available
1997 - 30 March 1998)
(The source of information on satellites 1997-075A to 1998-019E is the ESA/ESOC DISCOS database)
5.1.
5. SURVEY OF SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES
35798
779
774
36148
67242
35790
Apogee (km)
35768
775
771
35423
508
35781
Perig. (km)
0.05
86.40
86.41
0.05
3.98
0.10
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
l_
100.40
10020
1436.93
13x2
14X67
Period (min)
E
Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
USA
USA
USA
USA
1997-082B Iridium 46
1997-082C Iridium 47
1997-082D Iridium 48
1997-082E Iridium 49
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
20 December [8.21 yr]
USA
Tyuratam
20 December (16 March 1998)
CIS
1997-081A Progress M-37
1997-082A Iridium 45
Plesetsk, Russia
Tyuratam
Launch Site
15 December 15 day-4
9 December [150 days]
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1997
C-IS
as
Country of Origin
1997-080A Cosmos 2348
1997-079A Cosmos 234 7
National Name
COSPAR Designation
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
soyuz-u
soyuz-u
Tsyklon-M
Launch Vehicle
Available
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
Mobile telecommunications. Five satellites, Iridium 45 to 49. were launched aboard a Delta II 7920 launch vehicle: the mass of each was 689.00 kg with a dry mass of 556 kg. This was the ninth launch of a cluster of Iridium satellites, and the sixth to be flown on a Delta-2. Launched into the same orbital plane as Iridium cluster 4 (1997-043).
Cargo delivery: supplies delivered to the crew on the Mir space station docking on 22 December at lo:22 UTC. Mass of transporter was 7250.00 kg.
Photographic reconnaissance. Yantar-4K class I’Kobalt’l fourth generation close look photo-reconnaissance satellite: carries 2-4 externally-mounted data return capsules which are ejected while the main payload remains in orbit. The main m-entry vehicle returns the camera system at the end of the mission, which can last for 2-3 months.
Electronic Intelligence Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite (EORSAT) with mass of approximately 3150.00 kg.
Mission/information
642
642
643
642
642
393
351
417
Apogee (km)
627
627
627
626
626
382
182
404
Perig. (km)
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.58
51.66
67.14
65.03
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.41
97.42
97.41
97.40
97.40
92.23
89.49
92.78
Period (min)
Ohzomm FM-9
1997-084E
Orbcomm FM-8
1997-084D
Onbcomm FM-7
USA
USA
USA
1997-084C
yrl
166yrl
23 December
W
23 December
166 yrl
23 December
airborne
airborne
airborne
airborne
166 yrl
23 December
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
823
822
823
822
822
USA
Mobile telecommunications: eiaht Orbcomm messaging satellites were laun>hed aboard a Pegasus XL launch vehicle by Orbital Sciences Corp. The mass of each satellite is 41 .OO kg. The Orbcomm constellation will consist of 28 satellites. Seven of the eight Orbcomm satellites established ground communication and satellite controllers are workina to aet contact with the eiahth. On 30 Decemb>r, Orbital Sciences reported that the eighth satellite also had established grouna communication. It was also mentioned that Orbcomm FM-5 and FM-6 apparently had not separated after launch, but had been successfully separated by 29 December. A problem with one of the satellites that generated reduced power, had also been solved. The complete Orbcomm system will comprise three orbital planes, each with eight satellites, at 45” inclination plus 2-4 satellites in 70” inclination orbits for high latitude communications coverage. Each satellite should have an operational lifetime of 4-6 years.
1997-0848 Orbcomm FM-6
Pegasus XL
airborne
23 December 168 yrl
814
815
815
815
815
35768
Perig. (km)
45.02
45.02
45.03
45.01
45.01
0.11
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
USA
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at launch was 3445.00 kg and 2079.00 kg at beginning of life. Satellite initially located over 46”E, but to be operated over 64”E. Planned operational lifetime is 15 years.
Available
1997-084A Orbcomm FM-5
Ariane 42L
Mission/Information
35806
h-de/sat804
1997-083A
National Name
Kourou
Launch Vehicle
22 December [a 1 million yr]
Launch Site
ITS0
Launch Date 1997 Apogee (km)
Country of Origin
[Life time] (Descent date)
COSPAR Designation
10127
10127
101.30
10127
10128
1433.11
Period (min)
g
AsiaSat 3
1997-086A
EarlyBird 1
1997-085A
Orbcomm FM- 12
1997-084H
Orbcomm FM- 11
1997-0846
Orbcomm FM- 70
1997-084F
National Name
COSPAR Designation
23 December [68 yrl
24 December [1.09 yr]
USA
USA
24 December
23 December 168 vl
USA
HK
23 December 168 yrl
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1997
USA
Country of Origin
Tyuratam
Svobodniy
airborne
airborne
airborne
Launch Site
Proton-K
Start-l
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Launch Vehicle
Available
Stationary telecommunications satellite olaced in a wrona orbit bv the Proton-K. fvlass at launch was 3486.00 kg. Following launch, the Block DM3 successfullv oerformed its first manoeuvre to place itself and the payload in the planned geosynchronous transfer orbit with an inclination of 51.5”. At the first pass through apogee, the Block DM3 was planned to make a second burn lasting for 110 seconds to place itself and the satellite into an orbit with an inclination of about 12O, and altitude of 10 000-36 000 km. In fact, in a failure reminiscent of that of Raduga 33 in February 1996 (1996-01 OA), the fourth stage was stranded in the original geosynchronous transfer orbit.
Environmental survey: Earth imaging. According to EarthWatch. EarivBird 1 has stopped Gansmitting andcommunications have not been re-established. Its mass is 318.00 kg. It is not clear whether the Start-l fourth stage reached orbit to be catalogued as 1997-085C or whether this object is a piece of debris and the stage was sub-orbital.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
Missionllnformation
35999
488
824
826
826
Apogee (km)
274
479
817
815
815
Perig. (km)
51.51
97.30
45.02
45.03
45.03
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
6x.44
94.28
101.31
101.31
101.32
Period (min)
e?
Date
Mobile telecommunications satellite with a mass at lift-off of 1986.00 kg and of 1149.00 kg at the beginning of life. Oceanooraphic research satellite with a mass at-lift:off of 365.00 kg. Satellite did not initially attain its correct attitude, but the tumbling motion was eradicated a few hours after it started.
Ariane 44LP
Taurus
Taurus
Kourou
airborne
airborne
4 February [> 1 million yr]
10 February 176 yrl
10 February [76 vl
INMAR
USA
USA
1998-0068 Inmarsat-3 F5
1998-007A Geosat Follow-On
1998-0078 Ortxomm FM-3
As 1997-84A.
Stationary telecommmunications satellite with a mass at lift-off of 1780.00 kg and of 1052.00 kg at the beginning of life.
Ariane 44LP
Kourou
4 February [> 1 million yr]
BR
1998-006A Brazilsat B-3A
Military photo/radar imaging satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office Space. Details of the satellite have not been released. No orbital elements available.
Atlas IIA
SC
Kennedy
29 January
USA
1998-005A Capricorn
Manned spacecraft carrying three cosmonauts (including Frenchman Leopold Eyharts) to the Mir space station. Mass at launch was 7150.00 kg.
soyuz-u
29 January [13 days]
CIS
1998-004A Soyuz TM-27
Tyuratam
SC
Kennedy
23 January (31 January)
USA
1998-003A Endeavour (STS-80)
Stationary military communications. Mass at lift-off was 1510.00 ko and at the beainnina of life was 790.00 kg-The second stige or the Delta II 7925 is randomly tumbling in space at a fast abnormal rate, after e>periencing non-nominal oscillations during engine burn prior to spacecraft deployment.
Delta II 79
Manned spacecraft for rendezvous with Mir space station to exchange American astronaut David Wolf with Andrew Thomas. The mass at landing was 114 232.00 kg.
SC
Kennedy
10 January [> 1 million yr]
UK
1998-002A Skynet 40
Available
Lunar exploration: mission is designed to search for water ice in the shaded lunar regions. Its mass fully loaded is 295 kg.
MissionAnformation
Athena 2
Launch Vehicle
Shuttle
SC
Site
Kennedy
Launch
7 January lunar orbit
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch 1998
USA
Country of Origin
1998-001 A Lunar Prospector
National Name
COSPAR Designation
875
877
35824
35790
0
311
781
781
35747
35784
0
271
299
35575
35664
308
92
160
107.99
107.99
2.80
0.05
0.00
51.66
51.67
4.19
89.93
Incl. (deg)
Elements
Perig. (km)
Orbital
Apogee (km)
Initial
101.47
101.49
10X6
143615
0.00
89.93
90.54
l&%77
0.00
Period (min)
k? Kennedy SC
14 February [a 1 million yr]
Iridium 54
1998-01OE
Iridium 53
1998-OlOD
Iridium 52
1998-01OC
Iridium 56
1998-0108
Iridium 50
1998-OlOA
Cosmos 2349
1998-009A
Globalstar F4
1998-008D
Globalstar F3
Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB
18 February (24 yrl
18 February (12 yrl
18 February 124 yrl
18 February (12 yrl
USA
USA
USA
USA
Vandenberg AFB
18 February (32 yrl
USA
Tyuratam
17 February 14 days1
CIS
USA
Kennedy SC
Kennedy SC
14 February [> 1 million yr]
USA
1998-0088 Glob&tar F2
14 February [> 1 million yr]
Kennedy SC
14 February [> 1 million yr]
USA
1998-008A Glob&tar F7
USA
airborne
10 February [79 yrl
USA
1998-0070 Taurus stage 4
1998-008C
airborne
10 February [76 yrl
USA
Launch Site
1998-007C Orbcomm FM-4
Launch Date 1998
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
Designation
COSPAR
As 1998-008A. As 1998-008A.
Delta II 74 Delta II 74
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
soyuz-u
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
Mobile telecommunications. Five satellites were launched by a Delta II 7920 each with an in-orbit mass of 667.00 kg.
Photo-reconnaissance satellite.
As 1998-008A
Mobile telecommmunications satellite, 48 of which will make up the planned constellation. The four launched on 14 February were only launched after many delays due to bad weather. Mass at lift-off of each was 444.00 kg.
Delta II 74
Delta II 74
The 2nd Celest ‘Payload Attach Container’, with the cremated remains of several people, was attached to the fourth stage of the Taurus launch vehicle.
As 1997-84A.
Missionllnformation Available
Taurus
Taurus
Launch Vehicle
671
729
671
728
744
278
1258
1255
1256
1258
883
875
Apow= mN
668
725
668
725
741
212
1244
1242
1244
1244
781
781
Perig. (km)
86.57
86.48
86.57
86.48
86.46
70.37
52.01
52.01
52.01
52.01
107.99
107.99
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
98.08
99.05
97.71
99.09
99.25
89.41
110.54
110.48
110.51
11053
10155
101.46
Period (min)
%
Iridium 51
1998-018A
spot 4
1998-017A
UHF F8
1998-016A
Progress M-38
1998-015A
lntelsat 806
1998-014A
Hot Bird 4
1998-013A
Teledesic Tl
1998-012B
SNOE
1998-012A
28 February [5 1 million yr]
14 March [lo0 days]
16 March [> 1 million yr]
24 March [5 1 million yr]
25 March [IO yrl
ITS0
CIS
USA
FR
USA
Taiyuan
Kourou
Kennedy SC
Tyuratam
Kennedy SC
Kourou
Vandenberg AFB
26 February [3.28 yr]
27 February [> 1 million yr]
Vandenberg AFB
Tanegashima
Launch Site
26 February [3.28 yr]
EUTEL
USA
USA
JP
21 February [1.09 yr]
Kakehashi
1998-OllA
Launch Date 1998
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
COSPAR Designation
SC
Supplies transporter Mir space station.
Stationary telecommunications satellite for US Navy. Mass at lift-off was 3215.00 kg and at beginning of life 1543.00 kg. Earth observation satellite. Lift-off mass was 2755.00 kg. Dry mass is 2600.00 kg. Mobile telecommunications: two satellites were launched by a CZ-PC SD. Mass at lift-off was 667.00 kg for each spacecraft.
soyuz-u
Atlas II
Ariane 40
CZ-2C SD
cargo to
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at lift-off was 3650.00 kg and 2155.00 kg at beginning of life. Dry mass is 1595.00 kg.
Atlas IIAS
delivering
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at lift-off was 2885.00 kg and 1770.00 kg at beginning of life. Dry mass is 1310.00 kg.
Ariane 42P
satellite.
Advanced
Pegasus XL
telecommmunication
Terrestrial sciences: SNOE (Student Nitric Oxide Explorer) will investigate the effects of energy from.the Sun and of the magnetosphere on the density of nitric oxide in the Earths upper atmosphere. Mass at launch was 115 kg.
Pegasus XL
Available
Terrestrial telecommunications: an exoerimental broadcasting satellite with a mass at lift-off of 3900.00 ka and 2000.00 ka at the beginning of life. Satellite did not reach its planned geostationary orbit due to failure of the second stage of the H-II launch vehicle.
Mission/information
H-II
Launch Vehicle
654
823
36090
396
35757
35805
580
650
820
35278
389
35726
35767
534
535
248
1881
580
Perig. (km)
Apogee (km)
86.41
98.74
6.06
51.66
0.13
0.05
97.75
97.75
30.05
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.42
10124
143087
92.14
143179
1433.11
95.81
95.81
106.52
Period (min)
g
30 March [6.84 yr]
30 March [8.21 yr]
30 March 18.21 yrll
USA
USA
USA
1998-019C Iridium 56
1998-019D Iridium 59
1998-019E Iridium 60
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
30 March [8.21 yr]
USA
1998-0198 Iridium 57
Vandenberg AFB
30 March (8.21 yr]
USA
1998-019A Iridium 55
Launch Site
Taiyuan
USA
1998-018B Iridium 61
[Lie time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1998
25 March [9.85 yr]
Country of Origin
COSPAR Designation
As 1996-019A.
As 1998-019A.
Delta II 79
As 1998-019A.
As 1998-019A.
Mobile telecommunications:five satellites were launched by a Delta II 7920-10. Mass at lift-offmass was 667.00 kg for each spacecraft.
As 1998-018A.
Missionllnformation Available
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
CZ-PC SD
Launch Vehicle
639
642
642
641
641
646
(km)
Awg-
625
625
616
625
624
643
Perig. (km)
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.56
86.58
86.40
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.35
97.36
97.27
97.38
97.36
97.48
Period (min)
AND SPACE PROBES (01 December
Kourou, French Guiana
Kourou
Tyuratam, Kazhakstan
Taiyuan (Wuzhai)
Taiyuan ETR, Kennedy SC
2 December [> 1 million yr]
2 December [2736 yr]
2 December [> 1 million yr]
8 December 149Yrl
8 December 149 Yrl
8 December [> 1 million yr]
JP
DERlS
LU
USA
USA
USA
1997-0758 Equator-S
1997-076A Astra 1G
1997-077A Iridium 42
1997-0778 Iridium 44
1997-078A Galaxy VIII-i
Launch Site
1997-075A JC-Sat 5
Launch Date 1997
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
COSPAR Designation
Stationary telecommunications. Mass of satellite at launch was 2982.00 kg and at beginning of life 1841.OOkg. Satellite initially located over 139OE,but to be operated over 150°E. Planned operational lifetime is 12 years. Astrophysical sciences: to measure the effects of the solar wind on the Earths magnetic and electrical fields. (Satellite part of International Solar Terrestrial Physics programme). Mass of satellite is 236.30 kg. Stationary telecommunications. Mass of satellite at launch was 3010.00 kg and at beginning of life 2300.00 kg. Satellite initially located over 23-24OE,but to be operated over 19.2OE.Planned operational lifetime is a minimum of 15 years. Mobile telecommunications. Eighth launch of Mdium satellites, with two satellites onboard the Chinese CZPC SD launch vehicle with the new upper stage SD (Smart Dispenser). Mass of each satellite is 689.00 kg. As 1997-077A. Stationary telecommunications. Mass at launch was 3550.00 kg and at beginning of life 1962.00 kg. The satellite is to be operated by Hughes Communications Inc to provide a dedicated Latin American service replacing Galaxy 8 (originally Galaxy 34. Planned operational lifetime is about 15 years.
Ariane 44P
Proton-K
CZ-2C SD
CZQC SD Atlas IIAS
Missiotinformation
Ariane 44P
Launch Vehicle Available
1997 - 30 March 1998)
(The source of information on satellites 1997-075A to 1998-019E is the ESA/ESOC DISCOS database)
5.1.
5. SURVEY OF SATELLITES AND SPACE PROBES
35798
779
774
36148
67242
35790
Apogee (km)
35768
775
771
35423
508
35781
Perig. (km)
0.05
86.40
86.41
0.05
3.98
0.10
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
l_
100.40
10020
1436.93
13x2
14X67
Period (min)
E
Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
20 December [8.21 yr]
USA
USA
USA
USA
1997-082B Iridium 46
1997-082C Iridium 47
1997-082D Iridium 48
1997-082E Iridium 49
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
20 December [8.21 yr]
USA
Tyuratam
20 December (16 March 1998)
CIS
1997-081A Progress M-37
1997-082A Iridium 45
Plesetsk, Russia
Tyuratam
Launch Site
15 December 15 day-4
9 December [150 days]
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1997
C-IS
as
Country of Origin
1997-080A Cosmos 2348
1997-079A Cosmos 234 7
National Name
COSPAR Designation
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
soyuz-u
soyuz-u
Tsyklon-M
Launch Vehicle
Available
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
As 1997-082A.
Mobile telecommunications. Five satellites, Iridium 45 to 49. were launched aboard a Delta II 7920 launch vehicle: the mass of each was 689.00 kg with a dry mass of 556 kg. This was the ninth launch of a cluster of Iridium satellites, and the sixth to be flown on a Delta-2. Launched into the same orbital plane as Iridium cluster 4 (1997-043).
Cargo delivery: supplies delivered to the crew on the Mir space station docking on 22 December at lo:22 UTC. Mass of transporter was 7250.00 kg.
Photographic reconnaissance. Yantar-4K class I’Kobalt’l fourth generation close look photo-reconnaissance satellite: carries 2-4 externally-mounted data return capsules which are ejected while the main payload remains in orbit. The main m-entry vehicle returns the camera system at the end of the mission, which can last for 2-3 months.
Electronic Intelligence Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite (EORSAT) with mass of approximately 3150.00 kg.
Mission/information
642
642
643
642
642
393
351
417
Apogee (km)
627
627
627
626
626
382
182
404
Perig. (km)
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.58
51.66
67.14
65.03
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.41
97.42
97.41
97.40
97.40
92.23
89.49
92.78
Period (min)
Ohzomm FM-9
1997-084E
Orbcomm FM-8
1997-084D
Onbcomm FM-7
USA
USA
USA
1997-084C
yrl
166yrl
23 December
W
23 December
166 yrl
23 December
airborne
airborne
airborne
airborne
166 yrl
23 December
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
823
822
823
822
822
USA
Mobile telecommunications: eiaht Orbcomm messaging satellites were laun>hed aboard a Pegasus XL launch vehicle by Orbital Sciences Corp. The mass of each satellite is 41 .OO kg. The Orbcomm constellation will consist of 28 satellites. Seven of the eight Orbcomm satellites established ground communication and satellite controllers are workina to aet contact with the eiahth. On 30 Decemb>r, Orbital Sciences reported that the eighth satellite also had established grouna communication. It was also mentioned that Orbcomm FM-5 and FM-6 apparently had not separated after launch, but had been successfully separated by 29 December. A problem with one of the satellites that generated reduced power, had also been solved. The complete Orbcomm system will comprise three orbital planes, each with eight satellites, at 45” inclination plus 2-4 satellites in 70” inclination orbits for high latitude communications coverage. Each satellite should have an operational lifetime of 4-6 years.
1997-0848 Orbcomm FM-6
Pegasus XL
airborne
23 December 168 yrl
814
815
815
815
815
35768
Perig. (km)
45.02
45.02
45.03
45.01
45.01
0.11
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
USA
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at launch was 3445.00 kg and 2079.00 kg at beginning of life. Satellite initially located over 46”E, but to be operated over 64”E. Planned operational lifetime is 15 years.
Available
1997-084A Orbcomm FM-5
Ariane 42L
Mission/Information
35806
h-de/sat804
1997-083A
National Name
Kourou
Launch Vehicle
22 December [a 1 million yr]
Launch Site
ITS0
Launch Date 1997 Apogee (km)
Country of Origin
[Life time] (Descent date)
COSPAR Designation
10127
10127
101.30
10127
10128
1433.11
Period (min)
g
AsiaSat 3
1997-086A
EarlyBird 1
1997-085A
Orbcomm FM- 12
1997-084H
Orbcomm FM- 11
1997-0846
Orbcomm FM- 70
1997-084F
National Name
COSPAR Designation
23 December [68 yrl
24 December [1.09 yr]
USA
USA
24 December
23 December 168 vl
USA
HK
23 December 168 yrl
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1997
USA
Country of Origin
Tyuratam
Svobodniy
airborne
airborne
airborne
Launch Site
Proton-K
Start-l
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Pegasus XL
Launch Vehicle
Available
Stationary telecommunications satellite olaced in a wrona orbit bv the Proton-K. fvlass at launch was 3486.00 kg. Following launch, the Block DM3 successfullv oerformed its first manoeuvre to place itself and the payload in the planned geosynchronous transfer orbit with an inclination of 51.5”. At the first pass through apogee, the Block DM3 was planned to make a second burn lasting for 110 seconds to place itself and the satellite into an orbit with an inclination of about 12O, and altitude of 10 000-36 000 km. In fact, in a failure reminiscent of that of Raduga 33 in February 1996 (1996-01 OA), the fourth stage was stranded in the original geosynchronous transfer orbit.
Environmental survey: Earth imaging. According to EarthWatch. EarivBird 1 has stopped Gansmitting andcommunications have not been re-established. Its mass is 318.00 kg. It is not clear whether the Start-l fourth stage reached orbit to be catalogued as 1997-085C or whether this object is a piece of debris and the stage was sub-orbital.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
As 1997-084A.
Missionllnformation
35999
488
824
826
826
Apogee (km)
274
479
817
815
815
Perig. (km)
51.51
97.30
45.02
45.03
45.03
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
6x.44
94.28
101.31
101.31
101.32
Period (min)
e?
Date
Mobile telecommunications satellite with a mass at lift-off of 1986.00 kg and of 1149.00 kg at the beginning of life. Oceanooraphic research satellite with a mass at-lift:off of 365.00 kg. Satellite did not initially attain its correct attitude, but the tumbling motion was eradicated a few hours after it started.
Ariane 44LP
Taurus
Taurus
Kourou
airborne
airborne
4 February [> 1 million yr]
10 February 176 yrl
10 February [76 vl
INMAR
USA
USA
1998-0068 Inmarsat-3 F5
1998-007A Geosat Follow-On
1998-0078 Ortxomm FM-3
As 1997-84A.
Stationary telecommmunications satellite with a mass at lift-off of 1780.00 kg and of 1052.00 kg at the beginning of life.
Ariane 44LP
Kourou
4 February [> 1 million yr]
BR
1998-006A Brazilsat B-3A
Military photo/radar imaging satellite for the National Reconnaissance Office Space. Details of the satellite have not been released. No orbital elements available.
Atlas IIA
SC
Kennedy
29 January
USA
1998-005A Capricorn
Manned spacecraft carrying three cosmonauts (including Frenchman Leopold Eyharts) to the Mir space station. Mass at launch was 7150.00 kg.
soyuz-u
29 January [13 days]
CIS
1998-004A Soyuz TM-27
Tyuratam
SC
Kennedy
23 January (31 January)
USA
1998-003A Endeavour (STS-80)
Stationary military communications. Mass at lift-off was 1510.00 ko and at the beainnina of life was 790.00 kg-The second stige or the Delta II 7925 is randomly tumbling in space at a fast abnormal rate, after e>periencing non-nominal oscillations during engine burn prior to spacecraft deployment.
Delta II 79
Manned spacecraft for rendezvous with Mir space station to exchange American astronaut David Wolf with Andrew Thomas. The mass at landing was 114 232.00 kg.
SC
Kennedy
10 January [> 1 million yr]
UK
1998-002A Skynet 40
Available
Lunar exploration: mission is designed to search for water ice in the shaded lunar regions. Its mass fully loaded is 295 kg.
MissionAnformation
Athena 2
Launch Vehicle
Shuttle
SC
Site
Kennedy
Launch
7 January lunar orbit
[Life time] (Descent date)
Launch 1998
USA
Country of Origin
1998-001 A Lunar Prospector
National Name
COSPAR Designation
875
877
35824
35790
0
311
781
781
35747
35784
0
271
299
35575
35664
308
92
160
107.99
107.99
2.80
0.05
0.00
51.66
51.67
4.19
89.93
Incl. (deg)
Elements
Perig. (km)
Orbital
Apogee (km)
Initial
101.47
101.49
10X6
143615
0.00
89.93
90.54
l&%77
0.00
Period (min)
k? Kennedy SC
14 February [a 1 million yr]
Iridium 54
1998-01OE
Iridium 53
1998-OlOD
Iridium 52
1998-01OC
Iridium 56
1998-0108
Iridium 50
1998-OlOA
Cosmos 2349
1998-009A
Globalstar F4
1998-008D
Globalstar F3
Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB Vandenberg AFB
18 February (24 yrl
18 February (12 yrl
18 February 124 yrl
18 February (12 yrl
USA
USA
USA
USA
Vandenberg AFB
18 February (32 yrl
USA
Tyuratam
17 February 14 days1
CIS
USA
Kennedy SC
Kennedy SC
14 February [> 1 million yr]
USA
1998-0088 Glob&tar F2
14 February [> 1 million yr]
Kennedy SC
14 February [> 1 million yr]
USA
1998-008A Glob&tar F7
USA
airborne
10 February [79 yrl
USA
1998-0070 Taurus stage 4
1998-008C
airborne
10 February [76 yrl
USA
Launch Site
1998-007C Orbcomm FM-4
Launch Date 1998
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
Designation
COSPAR
As 1998-008A. As 1998-008A.
Delta II 74 Delta II 74
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
soyuz-u
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
As 1998-01OA.
Mobile telecommunications. Five satellites were launched by a Delta II 7920 each with an in-orbit mass of 667.00 kg.
Photo-reconnaissance satellite.
As 1998-008A
Mobile telecommmunications satellite, 48 of which will make up the planned constellation. The four launched on 14 February were only launched after many delays due to bad weather. Mass at lift-off of each was 444.00 kg.
Delta II 74
Delta II 74
The 2nd Celest ‘Payload Attach Container’, with the cremated remains of several people, was attached to the fourth stage of the Taurus launch vehicle.
As 1997-84A.
Missionllnformation Available
Taurus
Taurus
Launch Vehicle
671
729
671
728
744
278
1258
1255
1256
1258
883
875
Apow= mN
668
725
668
725
741
212
1244
1242
1244
1244
781
781
Perig. (km)
86.57
86.48
86.57
86.48
86.46
70.37
52.01
52.01
52.01
52.01
107.99
107.99
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
98.08
99.05
97.71
99.09
99.25
89.41
110.54
110.48
110.51
11053
10155
101.46
Period (min)
%
Iridium 51
1998-018A
spot 4
1998-017A
UHF F8
1998-016A
Progress M-38
1998-015A
lntelsat 806
1998-014A
Hot Bird 4
1998-013A
Teledesic Tl
1998-012B
SNOE
1998-012A
28 February [5 1 million yr]
14 March [lo0 days]
16 March [> 1 million yr]
24 March [5 1 million yr]
25 March [IO yrl
ITS0
CIS
USA
FR
USA
Taiyuan
Kourou
Kennedy SC
Tyuratam
Kennedy SC
Kourou
Vandenberg AFB
26 February [3.28 yr]
27 February [> 1 million yr]
Vandenberg AFB
Tanegashima
Launch Site
26 February [3.28 yr]
EUTEL
USA
USA
JP
21 February [1.09 yr]
Kakehashi
1998-OllA
Launch Date 1998
[Life time] (Descent date)
Country of Origin
National Name
COSPAR Designation
SC
Supplies transporter Mir space station.
Stationary telecommunications satellite for US Navy. Mass at lift-off was 3215.00 kg and at beginning of life 1543.00 kg. Earth observation satellite. Lift-off mass was 2755.00 kg. Dry mass is 2600.00 kg. Mobile telecommunications: two satellites were launched by a CZ-PC SD. Mass at lift-off was 667.00 kg for each spacecraft.
soyuz-u
Atlas II
Ariane 40
CZ-2C SD
cargo to
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at lift-off was 3650.00 kg and 2155.00 kg at beginning of life. Dry mass is 1595.00 kg.
Atlas IIAS
delivering
Stationary telecommunications satellite. Mass at lift-off was 2885.00 kg and 1770.00 kg at beginning of life. Dry mass is 1310.00 kg.
Ariane 42P
satellite.
Advanced
Pegasus XL
telecommmunication
Terrestrial sciences: SNOE (Student Nitric Oxide Explorer) will investigate the effects of energy from.the Sun and of the magnetosphere on the density of nitric oxide in the Earths upper atmosphere. Mass at launch was 115 kg.
Pegasus XL
Available
Terrestrial telecommunications: an exoerimental broadcasting satellite with a mass at lift-off of 3900.00 ka and 2000.00 ka at the beginning of life. Satellite did not reach its planned geostationary orbit due to failure of the second stage of the H-II launch vehicle.
Mission/information
H-II
Launch Vehicle
654
823
36090
396
35757
35805
580
650
820
35278
389
35726
35767
534
535
248
1881
580
Perig. (km)
Apogee (km)
86.41
98.74
6.06
51.66
0.13
0.05
97.75
97.75
30.05
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.42
10124
143087
92.14
143179
1433.11
95.81
95.81
106.52
Period (min)
g
30 March [6.84 yr]
30 March [8.21 yr]
30 March 18.21 yrll
USA
USA
USA
1998-019C Iridium 56
1998-019D Iridium 59
1998-019E Iridium 60
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
Vandenberg AFB
30 March [8.21 yr]
USA
1998-0198 Iridium 57
Vandenberg AFB
30 March (8.21 yr]
USA
1998-019A Iridium 55
Launch Site
Taiyuan
USA
1998-018B Iridium 61
[Lie time] (Descent date)
Launch Date 1998
25 March [9.85 yr]
Country of Origin
COSPAR Designation
As 1996-019A.
As 1998-019A.
Delta II 79
As 1998-019A.
As 1998-019A.
Mobile telecommunications:five satellites were launched by a Delta II 7920-10. Mass at lift-offmass was 667.00 kg for each spacecraft.
As 1998-018A.
Missionllnformation Available
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
Delta II 79
CZ-PC SD
Launch Vehicle
639
642
642
641
641
646
(km)
Awg-
625
625
616
625
624
643
Perig. (km)
86.58
86.58
86.58
86.56
86.58
86.40
Incl. (deg)
Initial Orbital Elements
97.35
97.36
97.27
97.38
97.36
97.48
Period (min)