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01201 Mathematical model for mixing coal
01
Solid fuels (preperetion)
Dry tlnaa oxtraction at Gascoigns Wood %lOll% Covacic.D. W. MInc ck Quarrv. Dec. 1994. 23. (12). 14-15. Discuss& the removal fine - ‘& fractions f&m @&&ly unseated feed material streams, without JI”” c use of large volumes of water, ic. ‘dry fines extraction’, which has been an on in problem for minerals processing engineers, partiallarly to those invo~e&n coal preparation. Many types of dg equipment have been used with varymg degrees of success but until the introduction of the IFE TRISGMAT screen, none have been totally succeaaful. Various methods have been considered by British Coal to achieve a reduction of the ash content and handleabilitv of fuel suwlied to the Power Generators. It was concluded that the rem&& of ‘dryr ‘&is from ex R.O.M. feed material would have a substantial effect on both aspectsif the majority of the minus O.Smm fraction could be extracted. Des&es the b d to and the results achieved during evaluation trials St Gas&~ Mine, UK slcloy BGm&Rz;d
Ethct of cryogonlc addltlvss on grlndablllty of thsrNarasimhan, K. S.
Aufbcreit.-T&t.,
1994, 35, (4),
Discus.& how hi& ash in coal has detrimental effect on grinding performance and grindin media. A literature survey on comminution of different coals revealed #Iat chemical comminution will enhance the breakage mechanism and improve the grinding performance. fhct of ?? olsctad addltlvoo and troatmonts on The ?? %I01 IQ7 Qlesslor fluldlty In coalr Clemens, A. H. and Matheson, T. W. Fuel, Jan. 1995, 74, (l), 57-62. The modification of Gieselcr fluidiity development in coals by various pretreatments is examined and clarified. These pretreatments include the addition of solvent extracts, preheating and quenching, addition of radical stabilizers and blending. The effect of each treatment IS found to be depento which it satisfies the re uirements of the hydrogen This inc1udes changes in behaviour explain, such as the very different effect preheatin has on the fluid roperties of fresh and oxidized samples of the same coaP. From a chemica viewpoint the components in blends are found to behave predictably.
%I01 204 Molten caustic Ieachlng at low caustic/coal ratloa Steffgen, F. W. et al., Prep?. Pap.-Am Chem Sot, Div. Fuel Chem., 1994, 39, (2), 421-428. The paper discusses molten caustic leaching desulphurixation of coals from three coal seams at low caustic-coal ratios. %I01205 A new grlndlng procsss for dry Ilgnlts Mew&i, G. Aujbereit-Tech., 1994, 35, (4). 181-184. Describes a new process for a safe and economic grinding of predried lignite. In contrast to conventional grinding techniques for lignite, cooling precrushing, and screening of predried lignite can be avoided. D5lOl205 Now msthod of paat dsgradatlon L&Lend Zhao, S. RanliaoIfuaxue Xuebao, 1994, 22, (l), 108-111. (In Under mild condition, Huachuan t from northeast of China was degraded by using water-alcohol-Nr B”H solutions. Valuable products were obtained. NMR and FITS analysis of ketone extract from de ded products showed that it maintained some of the original structun ff”feati of the parent peat. thus roviding information for the study of peat structure and composition. DII! erent from the conventional hydrolysis process, the degradatton products of the new method are mainly hymatomelanic and fulvic acid. %I01207 NMR lmaglng of hotsrogonoous coal macromolscuIar notworks cod G. D. et al., Prepr. Pap.-Am.Chem. Sot., Div. Fuel Chem., 1994, 39., 7’ .11. ,~59-63. Discusses the NMR techniques .for imagin of heterogeyus coal macromolecular networks. Topics Lscussed mcf ude solvent swellmg studies and solvent transportstubs.
f.
Effsct of solvsnt-to-coal ratlo on or anosulfur %I01198 sxtractablllty In the parchlorcsthylsns organodrauR urlzatlon procsss Lee, T. Y. ef al., Fuel Sci. Technol. Int, 1994, 12, (7), 1019-1034. A novel reaction-extraction model for removal or organosulphur compounds from coal by extraction with perchloroethylene was proposed. The model treats the coal as a reactant to observe the effect of slurry corn sition on the rate of ‘lock-up’ reaction where the liberated organosu p” phur species from coal re-enters the coal organic matrix. A series of batch extraction was carried out to observe the effect of solvent-to-coal ratio on the extent of organosulphur removal. The kinetic parameters for organosulphur ‘liberation’ and ‘lock-up’ reactions were simulated. Improvomont of coals for charging b drying and 95lOll% coatln bltumlnous coal products for provontron of dust format7on Shiraishi~K. et al, (Assigned to) Nippon Steel Corp., JAP. Par. JP.O6,184,543,JuL 1994. A process for drying coal charte for coke manufacture with a moisture content of 5% or more, adding tutuminous coal products (e.g. coal tar) 0.1. 10%. kneadinn for coatinn the coal charne with the bituminous coal oroducts to give p&icles, thencharging in Gke ovens. Resulting coals p&vent the formation of dust. 95/01200 Manufacturs of blndor-fras osllsts of low-rank coal . Mainwaring, D. E. and Guy, D. W. (Assignedto) SwinbumeLtd, GER Offen. DE.4,337,404, Aug. 1994. %I01 201 Mathsmatlcal mod01 for mbdng coal Ge, C. MeitanZhua&a, 1994, 17, (l), 94-97. (In Chinese) Presents a mathematical model for mixing of coals. Describes the method by which a good coal can be replaced by mixing different coals wtih lower quality to meet certain industnal needs. Modoa of occurrsncs of potsntlally haurdous ?? lo95lO1202 monts In coals: Lsvols of confldmcs Finkelman, R. B. Fuel Procem Technol., 1994, 39, (l), 21-34. The paper discusses the mode of occurrence end associations of potentially hazardous elements (i.e. pollutants) in coal. Because antimony and selenium may be present in solid solution in pyrite, as minute accessory sulphides dispersed throughout the organic matrix, or in organic association, it is anticipated that ~50% will be routinely removed by conventional coal cleaning procedures. On the other hand, physical coal cleaning should be successful in removing substantial amounts of arsenic and mercury, which occur primarily in late-stage coarse-grained pyrite. %I01202 Moist caustic lwchlng of coal Nowak. M. A. (Assimed to) United Slates Devt. _- of Energy, - US Pat. us.s,3i2,46~ Maj I@. . The process IS for reducing the sulphur and ash content of coal.
86
Fwl and Energy Abstracts March 1995
%/012% An on-& svaluatlon of dltfersnt flotatlon tachnologles for fins coal bsnoflclatlon Harris, M. C. et al., Miner. Eng., 1994, 7, (5), 699-714. Three flotation cell technologies were evaluated for the beneficiation of fine coal: a ilot-scale conventional column cell, a pilot-scale Jamcsontype cell, anB an air-sparged hydmcyclone. The work was conducted onsite at the Grootegeluk Colliery in the northern Transvaal province of South Africa. Also characterization and conventional batch flotation tests were conducted in the laboratory. All three units tested on-site demonstrated improved selectivity compared to conventional subaeration flotation. 1994 Prrsldontlal addross by Q.S. Jonos. Espsrsr %I01209 dos Jours Mslllours Jones, G. S. Mine & Quarv, Nov. 1994, 23, (ll), ‘23-26. The Presidential address by G.S. Jones to the Minerals Engineering Society. Rsmoval of alkali mstals and/or slkallno sarth mst95/01210 als In coals by catlon rxchangs nslna Yamashita, T. et al., (Assigned lo) Idcmit3uKaran Co., JAP. Pat. 06,172,765, Jun. 1994. The process comprises the treatment of coals by contacting with cation exchange resins, preferably in water. The process is useful for the efficient removal of alkali metals and alkaline earth metels at room temperature, ambient pressure, and in neutral pH ranges. Role ot coal clsanlng In control of alr toxlcs 95/01211 Akers.D. and Dosoov. R. Fuel Process. Technol., 1994. 39. (1). 73-86. The paper discus& -;he impact of coal cleaning,- (espccieliy‘ ci&shin~ desulplmrization, and washing) on not only potential emissions but on downstream plant performance during combustion. Topics include faaors affecting trace element removal, impact of flowsheet design, removal of trace elements by advanced coal cleaning technology, boiler impacts, and waste disposal concerns. The degree to which a spr&ic trace e”,“;; g be reduced by coal cleaning de nds on the mode of occwlc trace element, the method of cp” caning used, and the way in which the cleaning process is operated. %I01212 Solublllxatlon of bltumlnous and Ilgnlts coals by chrmlcally and blologlcally synthaslxod suffactants Polman, J. K et al., J. Chem TechnoLBiotechnoL,1994,61, (l), 11-17. Tween 80, Triton X-100, and sodium_dodecyl sulphate solubilixed se,veral components of Mississippi Wilcox 4j!l$a$;~o~~~m~~; wsl. The results suggested that solubl by chemical- and biological-synthesixed surfactants has potential in terms of upgrading coals.
Solid fuels (preperetion)
Dry tlnaa oxtraction at Gascoigns Wood %lOll% Covacic.D. W. MInc ck Quarrv. Dec. 1994. 23. (12). 14-15. Discuss& the removal fine - ‘& fractions f&m @&&ly unseated feed material streams, without JI”” c use of large volumes of water, ic. ‘dry fines extraction’, which has been an on in problem for minerals processing engineers, partiallarly to those invo~e&n coal preparation. Many types of dg equipment have been used with varymg degrees of success but until the introduction of the IFE TRISGMAT screen, none have been totally succeaaful. Various methods have been considered by British Coal to achieve a reduction of the ash content and handleabilitv of fuel suwlied to the Power Generators. It was concluded that the rem&& of ‘dryr ‘&is from ex R.O.M. feed material would have a substantial effect on both aspectsif the majority of the minus O.Smm fraction could be extracted. Des&es the b d to and the results achieved during evaluation trials St Gas&~ Mine, UK slcloy BGm&Rz;d
Ethct of cryogonlc addltlvss on grlndablllty of thsrNarasimhan, K. S.
Aufbcreit.-T&t.,
1994, 35, (4),
Discus.& how hi& ash in coal has detrimental effect on grinding performance and grindin media. A literature survey on comminution of different coals revealed #Iat chemical comminution will enhance the breakage mechanism and improve the grinding performance. fhct of ?? olsctad addltlvoo and troatmonts on The ?? %I01 IQ7 Qlesslor fluldlty In coalr Clemens, A. H. and Matheson, T. W. Fuel, Jan. 1995, 74, (l), 57-62. The modification of Gieselcr fluidiity development in coals by various pretreatments is examined and clarified. These pretreatments include the addition of solvent extracts, preheating and quenching, addition of radical stabilizers and blending. The effect of each treatment IS found to be depento which it satisfies the re uirements of the hydrogen This inc1udes changes in behaviour explain, such as the very different effect preheatin has on the fluid roperties of fresh and oxidized samples of the same coaP. From a chemica viewpoint the components in blends are found to behave predictably.
%I01 204 Molten caustic Ieachlng at low caustic/coal ratloa Steffgen, F. W. et al., Prep?. Pap.-Am Chem Sot, Div. Fuel Chem., 1994, 39, (2), 421-428. The paper discusses molten caustic leaching desulphurixation of coals from three coal seams at low caustic-coal ratios. %I01205 A new grlndlng procsss for dry Ilgnlts Mew&i, G. Aujbereit-Tech., 1994, 35, (4). 181-184. Describes a new process for a safe and economic grinding of predried lignite. In contrast to conventional grinding techniques for lignite, cooling precrushing, and screening of predried lignite can be avoided. D5lOl205 Now msthod of paat dsgradatlon L&Lend Zhao, S. RanliaoIfuaxue Xuebao, 1994, 22, (l), 108-111. (In Under mild condition, Huachuan t from northeast of China was degraded by using water-alcohol-Nr B”H solutions. Valuable products were obtained. NMR and FITS analysis of ketone extract from de ded products showed that it maintained some of the original structun ff”feati of the parent peat. thus roviding information for the study of peat structure and composition. DII! erent from the conventional hydrolysis process, the degradatton products of the new method are mainly hymatomelanic and fulvic acid. %I01207 NMR lmaglng of hotsrogonoous coal macromolscuIar notworks cod G. D. et al., Prepr. Pap.-Am.Chem. Sot., Div. Fuel Chem., 1994, 39., 7’ .11. ,~59-63. Discusses the NMR techniques .for imagin of heterogeyus coal macromolecular networks. Topics Lscussed mcf ude solvent swellmg studies and solvent transportstubs.
f.
Effsct of solvsnt-to-coal ratlo on or anosulfur %I01198 sxtractablllty In the parchlorcsthylsns organodrauR urlzatlon procsss Lee, T. Y. ef al., Fuel Sci. Technol. Int, 1994, 12, (7), 1019-1034. A novel reaction-extraction model for removal or organosulphur compounds from coal by extraction with perchloroethylene was proposed. The model treats the coal as a reactant to observe the effect of slurry corn sition on the rate of ‘lock-up’ reaction where the liberated organosu p” phur species from coal re-enters the coal organic matrix. A series of batch extraction was carried out to observe the effect of solvent-to-coal ratio on the extent of organosulphur removal. The kinetic parameters for organosulphur ‘liberation’ and ‘lock-up’ reactions were simulated. Improvomont of coals for charging b drying and 95lOll% coatln bltumlnous coal products for provontron of dust format7on Shiraishi~K. et al, (Assigned to) Nippon Steel Corp., JAP. Par. JP.O6,184,543,JuL 1994. A process for drying coal charte for coke manufacture with a moisture content of 5% or more, adding tutuminous coal products (e.g. coal tar) 0.1. 10%. kneadinn for coatinn the coal charne with the bituminous coal oroducts to give p&icles, thencharging in Gke ovens. Resulting coals p&vent the formation of dust. 95/01200 Manufacturs of blndor-fras osllsts of low-rank coal . Mainwaring, D. E. and Guy, D. W. (Assignedto) SwinbumeLtd, GER Offen. DE.4,337,404, Aug. 1994. %I01 201 Mathsmatlcal mod01 for mbdng coal Ge, C. MeitanZhua&a, 1994, 17, (l), 94-97. (In Chinese) Presents a mathematical model for mixing of coals. Describes the method by which a good coal can be replaced by mixing different coals wtih lower quality to meet certain industnal needs. Modoa of occurrsncs of potsntlally haurdous ?? lo95lO1202 monts In coals: Lsvols of confldmcs Finkelman, R. B. Fuel Procem Technol., 1994, 39, (l), 21-34. The paper discusses the mode of occurrence end associations of potentially hazardous elements (i.e. pollutants) in coal. Because antimony and selenium may be present in solid solution in pyrite, as minute accessory sulphides dispersed throughout the organic matrix, or in organic association, it is anticipated that ~50% will be routinely removed by conventional coal cleaning procedures. On the other hand, physical coal cleaning should be successful in removing substantial amounts of arsenic and mercury, which occur primarily in late-stage coarse-grained pyrite. %I01202 Moist caustic lwchlng of coal Nowak. M. A. (Assimed to) United Slates Devt. _- of Energy, - US Pat. us.s,3i2,46~ Maj I@. . The process IS for reducing the sulphur and ash content of coal.
86
Fwl and Energy Abstracts March 1995
%/012% An on-& svaluatlon of dltfersnt flotatlon tachnologles for fins coal bsnoflclatlon Harris, M. C. et al., Miner. Eng., 1994, 7, (5), 699-714. Three flotation cell technologies were evaluated for the beneficiation of fine coal: a ilot-scale conventional column cell, a pilot-scale Jamcsontype cell, anB an air-sparged hydmcyclone. The work was conducted onsite at the Grootegeluk Colliery in the northern Transvaal province of South Africa. Also characterization and conventional batch flotation tests were conducted in the laboratory. All three units tested on-site demonstrated improved selectivity compared to conventional subaeration flotation. 1994 Prrsldontlal addross by Q.S. Jonos. Espsrsr %I01209 dos Jours Mslllours Jones, G. S. Mine & Quarv, Nov. 1994, 23, (ll), ‘23-26. The Presidential address by G.S. Jones to the Minerals Engineering Society. Rsmoval of alkali mstals and/or slkallno sarth mst95/01210 als In coals by catlon rxchangs nslna Yamashita, T. et al., (Assigned lo) Idcmit3uKaran Co., JAP. Pat. 06,172,765, Jun. 1994. The process comprises the treatment of coals by contacting with cation exchange resins, preferably in water. The process is useful for the efficient removal of alkali metals and alkaline earth metels at room temperature, ambient pressure, and in neutral pH ranges. Role ot coal clsanlng In control of alr toxlcs 95/01211 Akers.D. and Dosoov. R. Fuel Process. Technol., 1994. 39. (1). 73-86. The paper discus& -;he impact of coal cleaning,- (espccieliy‘ ci&shin~ desulplmrization, and washing) on not only potential emissions but on downstream plant performance during combustion. Topics include faaors affecting trace element removal, impact of flowsheet design, removal of trace elements by advanced coal cleaning technology, boiler impacts, and waste disposal concerns. The degree to which a spr&ic trace e”,“;; g be reduced by coal cleaning de nds on the mode of occwlc trace element, the method of cp” caning used, and the way in which the cleaning process is operated. %I01212 Solublllxatlon of bltumlnous and Ilgnlts coals by chrmlcally and blologlcally synthaslxod suffactants Polman, J. K et al., J. Chem TechnoLBiotechnoL,1994,61, (l), 11-17. Tween 80, Triton X-100, and sodium_dodecyl sulphate solubilixed se,veral components of Mississippi Wilcox 4j!l$a$;~o~~~m~~; wsl. The results suggested that solubl by chemical- and biological-synthesixed surfactants has potential in terms of upgrading coals.