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01529 Daylighting contribution in interior lighting - Experimental verification of software simulation results
06
Electric power generation and utikation
(scientiric, technical)
06 ELECTRIC POWER
GENERATION AND UTILISATION Scientifk,
Technical
QWOl517 An algorlthm tor frequency relaying bawd on the Newton-Raphoon method Djuric, M. B. and Terxija, V. V. Electric Power Systems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2), 119-124. The paper presents a new digital algorithm for real-time estimation of the frequency at a power s stem bus. The al orithm is bsstd on the NewtonRaphson method, whr*& 1s very comma f y used in load flow studies, and uses digitized samples of voltage at a relay location. The mathematical devel ment of the algorithm is presented and the effects of key parameters x ectmg the performance of the algorithm are discussed. The algorithm showed hrgh measurement accuracy over a wide range of frequency than es, even in the case of harmonic-distorted input signal processing. T! e presented work is part of a project concernin the development of numerical algorithms m frquency relaying. 7%e algorithm presented could also be used for the identification and measurement of power system harmonica. Q5iOl510 Appllcatlon of computer software In tmnrml8rlon tructuro expanrlon pIaGIng ualng varlablo load ?? ChandaR. S. and Bhattachanee. P. K Electric Power Systems Res.. Oct. 1994, 31, (l), U-20. The pa er proposes a computer-rated transmission expansion planning approac% usmg the network simplex technique. A six-bus sample system is used for illustration. Assuming an increased load demand, an optimum network configuration is designed. Software is developed to obtain the optimum network configuration, which uses variable ioad structure and generator cost curves for economic generation. Curves are presented of the diversity factor versus mileage and number of circuits, assuming ten diierent load curves. %I01519 Appllcatlonr of the current atatr apace mod.1 In analyaer of ratumted induction machlnem Levi, E. Electric Power Systems Res., Dec. 1994, 31! (3), 203-216. Main flux saturation in induction machines plays an rmportant role in a number of operating regimes and therefore has to be. accounted for in the process of modelling The current state s ace model of a saturated induction machine has gamed substantial popu lp* anty recently as an excellent tool for transient and steady-state time domain analysis of induction motor drives when the main flux saturation has to be considered. The paper discusses different applications of the model. Q5lO1520 Appllcatlonr of the energy breed rsnrltlvlty method to faat tmnolont control Chang,H. C. and C&en, H. C. Electric Power Sysrems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2). 87-95. The paper presents an energy based analytical sensitivity method for fast transtent control to prevent the loss of synchronism of generators during the transient response of a power system. Q5lO1521 Battery barlca Heckeroth, S. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1995, 9, (l), 28-29. The author discusses battery technology which hasn’t changed much over the last century, althou recent legislation ma accelerate the develop ment of new batteries. 8.nhke the sophisticated e1ectronic devices found m today’s electric cars and off-the-grid homes, contemporary batteries represent technologies which, in some cases, arc over 100 years old. Choosing an affordable battery today could be compared to an offer Henry Ford once made: ‘You can have any colour you want, as long as it’s black’. In the case of batteries, you can have any kind you want as long as it’s lead-acid. QSIOl522 BEMS and controlr Harrold, M. et al., Bldg. Serv. CIBSE J., Aug. 1994, 16, (8 27-33. Four short articles dealing with aspects of BEMS and contra ps.
Fuel and Energy Abrtractr
%I01 524 Cemmlc materlala for Intermedlato temperature solld oxldr tuol csllr Steele, B. C. et aL, Proc. 2nd Int. Cot$ Ceramics in Energy A ppytb The Institute of Energy, IS Devonshire St., Lona’on WIN R, * 109.119.
QSlol515 Aorodwhmtlvr meet Turkloh demand Hutter, R. and Temeltas, R. MPS, Madem Power Systems, Dec. 1994,14, (12), 19,21. Power demand in Turkey exceeds 70 billion kWh per year, with electric annually. However, the country’s Mw, with this number expected to per year. To meet this growing demand, lanning studies conducted by Turkey’s Energy Minister call for power in t/ie ZOO3W.l MW range to be added each year after 1996. Now, both the public and private sector are working together to improve ways to meet the energy demand, using indigenous sources as much as possible.
104
Q5/01523 Cable management Bldg. Serv. Environ. Engr., Jul. 1994, 17, (ll), 27-28. Presents cable management products available in the UK
March 1995
The costs of ceramic fuel cell systems can be reduced by operating at intermediate temperatures (45085OW. Develooments in cenutuc orocessing now allow existing oxide electrol$s to be-used over this temperature range, and so further development acttvities are principally focussed on the fabrication and evaluation of alternative electrode materials. These electrode materials have to be chemically and thermally compatible with the electrolyte components and capable of sustaining hi- current densities at low ovcrpotentrals. These targets can be attained ?or ceramic fuel cells operating at 800°C on air and syngas, and relevant data is presented. In addition progress is reported regardm the development of direct methanol ceramic fuels cells operating at 500”E. Q5/0152!5 Computer baaed harmonic ?? lmulatlon and tooting for dlrectlonalovercurrent relays fg,13R;. A. et al., Electric Power Systems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2), The paper discusses a unique simulation method to study harmonics using a computer based three-phase harmonic source ;progmmmable three-phase voltage and current amplifiers, a digital-to-an og mterface board, and a computer rogram. The paper can be useful for educational purposes and in researc g facilities to teach and perform research on harmonica related problems. 95iO1528 Conducting a powor factor otudy Phillips, K J. ConsuL Specif Engr., Jul. 1994, 16, (l), 54-58. Discusses the significance of im roved power factor in reducing the maximum demand (kVA) from an e ectrical utility and charges for electricity. Describes how to calculate the rating of a capacitor bank, where power factor correction should be applied.
f
QSIOI527 Vl~$iannis,
Control adjutimentr In tart decoupled load Ilow J. G. Electric Power Systems Res., Dec. 1994, 31, (3),
The fast decoupled load flow method has gained wide acce tance. in the power mdustry owing to its simplicity and computational e&*ctency. The critical role of control adjustments designed to srmulate the control strategies of system operation in load flow solutions has long been recognixed. The implementation of standard adjustments, such as area interchange control, bus type switching, transformer-tap/phase-shift control, and switchable shunt control, may lead to oscillations, or even divergence of the fast decoupled load flow solution. In this paper, this problem is circumvented by introducing a voltage angle or magnitude update solution after every set of adjustments. Q5lO1528 Corroalon behavlour of Cr25AlS electrode materlal ured for MHD power genemtlon Liu, C. and Ding, X. Gaojishu Tongxun, 1994,4, (S), 29-33. (In Chinese) Cr25A15 alloy was selected for the static coal slag corrosion test. Three statistical models for different temperatures are presented. Surface morphology and composition are examined. Q5lO1529 Dayllghtlng contrlbutlon In Interior llghtlng Exprrlmental verlflcatlon of 8oftware ?? lmulatlon m8ulta Eklia, L. et al., Ltg. Res. Tech., 1994, 26, (2), 99-105. Describes an investigation carrred out in an office buildin on daylight impact, and compares SUPERLITE 1.01 and LLJMENMI& 0 5 simulation results with measured data. Dovelopmrnts In computational msthoda for trana%/01530 former cyclic loadhig evaluatlonr Nnuven, T. T. Ekctric Power Svstems Res.. Dec. 1994.31. (3). 175-183. The pa .er reports advances in computational prccedures for t&sformers intern BPtemperature and relative ageing calculations which form an essential part of transformer cyclic rating evaluations. Q5/01881 Direct ertlmatlon of voltage phaeor, frequency and lta mte of chan$je urlng Newton’8 lteratlve method Terzija, V. and DJLU~C,M. Int. J. Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 1994, 16, (6), 423-428. A new approach to the design of a digital p.lgorithm for direct estimation of voltage phasor, frequency and its rate of change is presented The algorithm derived is based on Newton’s iterative method, very commonly used in the field of unconstrained optimization studies. A five-parameter voltage model was assumed, so the result of the estimation was a parameter vector, consisting of the following unknown ammeters of the voltage signal processed: its DC component, magnitu %e, phase angle, frequency and its rate of change. To demonstrate the performance of the algorithm, off-line computer simulation results are presented. The algorithm showed high measurement accuracy over a wide range of frequency changes.
Electric power generation and utikation
(scientiric, technical)
06 ELECTRIC POWER
GENERATION AND UTILISATION Scientifk,
Technical
QWOl517 An algorlthm tor frequency relaying bawd on the Newton-Raphoon method Djuric, M. B. and Terxija, V. V. Electric Power Systems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2), 119-124. The paper presents a new digital algorithm for real-time estimation of the frequency at a power s stem bus. The al orithm is bsstd on the NewtonRaphson method, whr*& 1s very comma f y used in load flow studies, and uses digitized samples of voltage at a relay location. The mathematical devel ment of the algorithm is presented and the effects of key parameters x ectmg the performance of the algorithm are discussed. The algorithm showed hrgh measurement accuracy over a wide range of frequency than es, even in the case of harmonic-distorted input signal processing. T! e presented work is part of a project concernin the development of numerical algorithms m frquency relaying. 7%e algorithm presented could also be used for the identification and measurement of power system harmonica. Q5iOl510 Appllcatlon of computer software In tmnrml8rlon tructuro expanrlon pIaGIng ualng varlablo load ?? ChandaR. S. and Bhattachanee. P. K Electric Power Systems Res.. Oct. 1994, 31, (l), U-20. The pa er proposes a computer-rated transmission expansion planning approac% usmg the network simplex technique. A six-bus sample system is used for illustration. Assuming an increased load demand, an optimum network configuration is designed. Software is developed to obtain the optimum network configuration, which uses variable ioad structure and generator cost curves for economic generation. Curves are presented of the diversity factor versus mileage and number of circuits, assuming ten diierent load curves. %I01519 Appllcatlonr of the current atatr apace mod.1 In analyaer of ratumted induction machlnem Levi, E. Electric Power Systems Res., Dec. 1994, 31! (3), 203-216. Main flux saturation in induction machines plays an rmportant role in a number of operating regimes and therefore has to be. accounted for in the process of modelling The current state s ace model of a saturated induction machine has gamed substantial popu lp* anty recently as an excellent tool for transient and steady-state time domain analysis of induction motor drives when the main flux saturation has to be considered. The paper discusses different applications of the model. Q5lO1520 Appllcatlonr of the energy breed rsnrltlvlty method to faat tmnolont control Chang,H. C. and C&en, H. C. Electric Power Sysrems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2). 87-95. The paper presents an energy based analytical sensitivity method for fast transtent control to prevent the loss of synchronism of generators during the transient response of a power system. Q5lO1521 Battery barlca Heckeroth, S. Solar Today, Jan.-Feb. 1995, 9, (l), 28-29. The author discusses battery technology which hasn’t changed much over the last century, althou recent legislation ma accelerate the develop ment of new batteries. 8.nhke the sophisticated e1ectronic devices found m today’s electric cars and off-the-grid homes, contemporary batteries represent technologies which, in some cases, arc over 100 years old. Choosing an affordable battery today could be compared to an offer Henry Ford once made: ‘You can have any colour you want, as long as it’s black’. In the case of batteries, you can have any kind you want as long as it’s lead-acid. QSIOl522 BEMS and controlr Harrold, M. et al., Bldg. Serv. CIBSE J., Aug. 1994, 16, (8 27-33. Four short articles dealing with aspects of BEMS and contra ps.
Fuel and Energy Abrtractr
%I01 524 Cemmlc materlala for Intermedlato temperature solld oxldr tuol csllr Steele, B. C. et aL, Proc. 2nd Int. Cot$ Ceramics in Energy A ppytb The Institute of Energy, IS Devonshire St., Lona’on WIN R, * 109.119.
QSlol515 Aorodwhmtlvr meet Turkloh demand Hutter, R. and Temeltas, R. MPS, Madem Power Systems, Dec. 1994,14, (12), 19,21. Power demand in Turkey exceeds 70 billion kWh per year, with electric annually. However, the country’s Mw, with this number expected to per year. To meet this growing demand, lanning studies conducted by Turkey’s Energy Minister call for power in t/ie ZOO3W.l MW range to be added each year after 1996. Now, both the public and private sector are working together to improve ways to meet the energy demand, using indigenous sources as much as possible.
104
Q5/01523 Cable management Bldg. Serv. Environ. Engr., Jul. 1994, 17, (ll), 27-28. Presents cable management products available in the UK
March 1995
The costs of ceramic fuel cell systems can be reduced by operating at intermediate temperatures (45085OW. Develooments in cenutuc orocessing now allow existing oxide electrol$s to be-used over this temperature range, and so further development acttvities are principally focussed on the fabrication and evaluation of alternative electrode materials. These electrode materials have to be chemically and thermally compatible with the electrolyte components and capable of sustaining hi- current densities at low ovcrpotentrals. These targets can be attained ?or ceramic fuel cells operating at 800°C on air and syngas, and relevant data is presented. In addition progress is reported regardm the development of direct methanol ceramic fuels cells operating at 500”E. Q5/0152!5 Computer baaed harmonic ?? lmulatlon and tooting for dlrectlonalovercurrent relays fg,13R;. A. et al., Electric Power Systems Res., Nov. 1994, 31, (2), The paper discusses a unique simulation method to study harmonics using a computer based three-phase harmonic source ;progmmmable three-phase voltage and current amplifiers, a digital-to-an og mterface board, and a computer rogram. The paper can be useful for educational purposes and in researc g facilities to teach and perform research on harmonica related problems. 95iO1528 Conducting a powor factor otudy Phillips, K J. ConsuL Specif Engr., Jul. 1994, 16, (l), 54-58. Discusses the significance of im roved power factor in reducing the maximum demand (kVA) from an e ectrical utility and charges for electricity. Describes how to calculate the rating of a capacitor bank, where power factor correction should be applied.
f
QSIOI527 Vl~$iannis,
Control adjutimentr In tart decoupled load Ilow J. G. Electric Power Systems Res., Dec. 1994, 31, (3),
The fast decoupled load flow method has gained wide acce tance. in the power mdustry owing to its simplicity and computational e&*ctency. The critical role of control adjustments designed to srmulate the control strategies of system operation in load flow solutions has long been recognixed. The implementation of standard adjustments, such as area interchange control, bus type switching, transformer-tap/phase-shift control, and switchable shunt control, may lead to oscillations, or even divergence of the fast decoupled load flow solution. In this paper, this problem is circumvented by introducing a voltage angle or magnitude update solution after every set of adjustments. Q5lO1528 Corroalon behavlour of Cr25AlS electrode materlal ured for MHD power genemtlon Liu, C. and Ding, X. Gaojishu Tongxun, 1994,4, (S), 29-33. (In Chinese) Cr25A15 alloy was selected for the static coal slag corrosion test. Three statistical models for different temperatures are presented. Surface morphology and composition are examined. Q5lO1529 Dayllghtlng contrlbutlon In Interior llghtlng Exprrlmental verlflcatlon of 8oftware ?? lmulatlon m8ulta Eklia, L. et al., Ltg. Res. Tech., 1994, 26, (2), 99-105. Describes an investigation carrred out in an office buildin on daylight impact, and compares SUPERLITE 1.01 and LLJMENMI& 0 5 simulation results with measured data. Dovelopmrnts In computational msthoda for trana%/01530 former cyclic loadhig evaluatlonr Nnuven, T. T. Ekctric Power Svstems Res.. Dec. 1994.31. (3). 175-183. The pa .er reports advances in computational prccedures for t&sformers intern BPtemperature and relative ageing calculations which form an essential part of transformer cyclic rating evaluations. Q5/01881 Direct ertlmatlon of voltage phaeor, frequency and lta mte of chan$je urlng Newton’8 lteratlve method Terzija, V. and DJLU~C,M. Int. J. Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 1994, 16, (6), 423-428. A new approach to the design of a digital p.lgorithm for direct estimation of voltage phasor, frequency and its rate of change is presented The algorithm derived is based on Newton’s iterative method, very commonly used in the field of unconstrained optimization studies. A five-parameter voltage model was assumed, so the result of the estimation was a parameter vector, consisting of the following unknown ammeters of the voltage signal processed: its DC component, magnitu %e, phase angle, frequency and its rate of change. To demonstrate the performance of the algorithm, off-line computer simulation results are presented. The algorithm showed high measurement accuracy over a wide range of frequency changes.