- Email: [email protected]
freezers
13
Space
heating
and cooling
96i00611 Bus systems lead to sophisticated gas consumption: Heading for the interactive CH boiler Van Maaren, A. Gas (Netherlands), Nov. 1995, 115, (ll), 22-23. (In Flemish) With so-called bus systems it must be possible lo control the central heating boiler using the personal computer in the living room. This will provide a number of interesting options such as the control of both gas consumption and the boiler’s state, and a modem offers even more opportunities. You can use a telephone, for example, to turn on the heating from your office or on your way home. Energy utilities can also meter your consumption from a distance and, in case of failure, the installer can automatically be called in. In early 1996, Gastec will start a study on the application of residential and boiler bus systems. 96100012 Chilled water storage and district coolln - preserving capital while addressing current environmenta P issues Andrepont, J. S. AIRAH .I., Jun. 1995, 49, (6), 30-33. An overview of thermal storage air conditioning, comparing phase-change and sensible heat storage technologies. Climate design techniques for reducing cooling 96lOO613 energy consumption In Kuwaiti houses Al-Temeemi, A. S. Enernv & Buildinns, 1995, 23. (1). 41-48. The paper discusses energ?; conservati& and &m&c’hesign techniques that can be implemented in the single-family houses of Kuwait 10 reverse the current trend of constructing energy wasteful buildings. A comparison is made between the indigenous houses of Kuwait, which existed before the discovery of oil, and the modern houses. Simple recommendations are presented which will result in consequential energy savings while preservmg comfort. 96100014 The control of ice-storaae svstems Carey, C. W. et al., ASHRAE Trans., Pa;er io.CH.95-22-3, 1995, 101, (l), 1345-1352. The paper describes a study in which simulations of ice-storage systems were carried out using the TRNSYS program lo evaluate different control strategies for them. 96lOO615 Converting a refrigerating plant operating on R502 to the replacement refrigerant R507 Helmann, J. and Fahl, J. Kalre, Jun. 1995, 48, (6), 418-428. (In German) The successful conversion of a refrigerating plant working on R502 to the replacement refrigerant R507 is described. Focuses on the practical aspects of the implementation of the successive stages of the conversion process. 96JOO616 Demand side management In district heat supply Lucking, G. Fern. Internar., Jun. 1995, 24, (6), 286-294. (In German) The paper discusses a study forming part of the ELI-supported Save Programme, of the feasibility of demand-side management in district heating to residential buildings in Dessau, Germany. 96/00617 Design considerations for a thermoelectric refrigerator Goktun, S. Energy Convers. Mgmr., Dec. 1995, 36, (12), 1197-1200. Heat transfer at a finite rate and electrical resistive losses are necessarilv irreversible processes and unavoidable in a thermoelectric device. It I’s shown that the internal and external irreversibilities in a thermoelectric refrigerator may be characterized by a single parameter, named the devicedesign parameter. The presence of this parameter in the equations for the refrigeration effect and the maximum input power, shows that a real refrigerator has a smaller cooling capacity and needs more input power than an ideal refrigerator. 96/00616 Domestic heating Stanton, E. et al., Hear. Vent Plumb., Jul.-Aug. 1995, 16, (9), 22-42. Presents 6 short articles on aspects of domestic heating. 96/00819 The effect of slat angle of windows with Venetian blinds on heating and cooling loads of buildings in South Korea Cho, S. H. et al., Energy, Dec. 1995, 20, (12), 1225-1236. The effect of slat angle and absorptance on the heating and cooling loads of buildings in Seoul (South Korea) has been studied. An analytical model of a window system with Venetian blinds is developed and validated with published experimental data. The validated model has been successfully incorporated into the TRNSYS computer program. 96looa2o The electric radiant floor Dormeau, J. P. and Gonord, M. Chaud. Froid. Plomb., Jun. 1995, 49, (570), 63-70. Discusses the development of electric floor heating systems in France. Describes the floor structure, the selection of controls and siting of thermostats, investment and running costs, comfort levels achieved and user satisfaction. Also describes the different versions of the electric floor heating system, their sizing and components.
50
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January
1996
96100821 Energy efficiency in new houses. Heat demand reduction versus cogeneration? Gilijamse, W. and Boonstra, M. E. Energy & Buildings, 1995, 23, (l), 49-62. Heat demand reduction and cogeneration are two main options lo reduce fuel consumption for space heating and warm tapwater in buildings. The article compares fuel saving and costs of these two options for the case of new Dutch houses. In the calculations, simulation techniques are used to account for diurnal and seasonal variations of both the heat demand level and the operational conditions of cogeneration. The use of short term thermal storage is considered in order to match heat supply and demand. 96100022 Evaluation of solid-desiccant-based evaporative cooling cycles to typical hot and humid climates Jain, S. er al., Inr. J. Refrig., Jun. 1995, 18, (5), 287-296. The paper gives an evaluation of various solid desiccant cycles for air conditioning in hot and humid climates. Reports that psychrometric evaluation of potential cycles for 16 typical Indian cities has been carried out with the aim of achieving standard room comfort conditions. The computer simulation is based on constant effectiveness of heat exchangers and evaporative coolers and data performance of a commercially available desiccant wheel dehumidifier. 96100823 Examination of the condition of district heating pipelines in east Germany Sura, W. Eurohear & Power, Jul.-Aug. 199.5, 24, (7), 354-359. (In German) Discusses the investigation of the condition of district heating pipelines in east Germany which have shown that they are in a satisfactory state. Presents some findings of the investigation with respect to pipelines fittings and thermal insulation. 96looa24 Experimental results with hydrocarbon mixtures in domestic refrigerator/freezers Liu, B. Y. er al., ASHRAE Trans., Paper No.CH.95-24-1, 1995, 101, (l), 1415-1421. The paper discusses how energy savings of up to 6% were made with propane/n-butane blends in a domestic refrigerator/freezer compared lo the baseline test with R12. The hydrocarbon mixtures were tested as drop-in substitutes. All the hardware remained the same, only the capillary tube was lengthened to control the flow rate. 96/00825 Extending Prague’s district heating system - The strategy Konstantin, P. Fern. Inrernar., Jun. 1995, 24, (6), 278-284. (In German) Describes the long-term strategy for extending the district heating system in Prague. 96100826 Functioning of CH boilers influenced by contributow oressure differences Hedgers, C. and Wind, H. Gas (Nerherlands), Nov. 1995, 115, (ll), 47-48. (In Flemish) Contributory pressure differences across central heating boilers result in a decrease in efficiency. In most cases, NO. emission will also fall. The design of applianceswill have lo be modified to prevent flame blow-off and, as a result, CO formation. The results of field tests of three efficiency measuring methods showed no big differences. 96/00827 Heat and mass transfer through large openings by natural convection Santamouris, M. er al., Energy & Buildings, 1995, 23, (l), 1-8. Convective heat and mass transfer through iarge openings play an important role in the thermal behaviour of buildings. These phenomena become even more determinant in the case of naturallv ventilated buildines. The paper reviews the models describing the involvid phenomena due to’gravitational and boundary layer pumping flows proposed up to 1992. A sensitivity analysis is also presented, aimed at a comparison of these models and a determination of the points requiring further research. 96/00828 Heat gain confidence levels for 15 typical walls using 31 years of hourly measurements in Athens Antonopoulos, K. A. et al., Energy Cowers. Mgmr., Apr. 1995, 36, (4), 263-279. The daily maximum values of the wall heat gain is specified for 15 typical wall constructions in Athens, based on hourly outdoor air temperature measurements over a period of 31 years. The calculated values of the heat gain for all the days are used to determine the frequency and confidence levels for the heat eain (not for the temuerature. as usual). thus enabline the engineer to sglect a design value cbrrespoiding lo a’specified risk revel. Two analytical expressions approximating the monthly average daily variations of the mean, maximum and minimum temperature of each month are also provided for the Athens area. 96/00829 Heat storage - Calculating heat storage Gini, M. and Di Leone, P. Insrallarore Ital., Aug. 1995, 46, (8), 1027-1034. (In Italian) The fourth of a series on heat storage. Describes a theoretical study of the assessment of temperature trends in a mass of earth, following a given mathematical procedure.
Space
heating
and cooling
96i00611 Bus systems lead to sophisticated gas consumption: Heading for the interactive CH boiler Van Maaren, A. Gas (Netherlands), Nov. 1995, 115, (ll), 22-23. (In Flemish) With so-called bus systems it must be possible lo control the central heating boiler using the personal computer in the living room. This will provide a number of interesting options such as the control of both gas consumption and the boiler’s state, and a modem offers even more opportunities. You can use a telephone, for example, to turn on the heating from your office or on your way home. Energy utilities can also meter your consumption from a distance and, in case of failure, the installer can automatically be called in. In early 1996, Gastec will start a study on the application of residential and boiler bus systems. 96100012 Chilled water storage and district coolln - preserving capital while addressing current environmenta P issues Andrepont, J. S. AIRAH .I., Jun. 1995, 49, (6), 30-33. An overview of thermal storage air conditioning, comparing phase-change and sensible heat storage technologies. Climate design techniques for reducing cooling 96lOO613 energy consumption In Kuwaiti houses Al-Temeemi, A. S. Enernv & Buildinns, 1995, 23. (1). 41-48. The paper discusses energ?; conservati& and &m&c’hesign techniques that can be implemented in the single-family houses of Kuwait 10 reverse the current trend of constructing energy wasteful buildings. A comparison is made between the indigenous houses of Kuwait, which existed before the discovery of oil, and the modern houses. Simple recommendations are presented which will result in consequential energy savings while preservmg comfort. 96100014 The control of ice-storaae svstems Carey, C. W. et al., ASHRAE Trans., Pa;er io.CH.95-22-3, 1995, 101, (l), 1345-1352. The paper describes a study in which simulations of ice-storage systems were carried out using the TRNSYS program lo evaluate different control strategies for them. 96lOO615 Converting a refrigerating plant operating on R502 to the replacement refrigerant R507 Helmann, J. and Fahl, J. Kalre, Jun. 1995, 48, (6), 418-428. (In German) The successful conversion of a refrigerating plant working on R502 to the replacement refrigerant R507 is described. Focuses on the practical aspects of the implementation of the successive stages of the conversion process. 96JOO616 Demand side management In district heat supply Lucking, G. Fern. Internar., Jun. 1995, 24, (6), 286-294. (In German) The paper discusses a study forming part of the ELI-supported Save Programme, of the feasibility of demand-side management in district heating to residential buildings in Dessau, Germany. 96/00617 Design considerations for a thermoelectric refrigerator Goktun, S. Energy Convers. Mgmr., Dec. 1995, 36, (12), 1197-1200. Heat transfer at a finite rate and electrical resistive losses are necessarilv irreversible processes and unavoidable in a thermoelectric device. It I’s shown that the internal and external irreversibilities in a thermoelectric refrigerator may be characterized by a single parameter, named the devicedesign parameter. The presence of this parameter in the equations for the refrigeration effect and the maximum input power, shows that a real refrigerator has a smaller cooling capacity and needs more input power than an ideal refrigerator. 96/00616 Domestic heating Stanton, E. et al., Hear. Vent Plumb., Jul.-Aug. 1995, 16, (9), 22-42. Presents 6 short articles on aspects of domestic heating. 96/00819 The effect of slat angle of windows with Venetian blinds on heating and cooling loads of buildings in South Korea Cho, S. H. et al., Energy, Dec. 1995, 20, (12), 1225-1236. The effect of slat angle and absorptance on the heating and cooling loads of buildings in Seoul (South Korea) has been studied. An analytical model of a window system with Venetian blinds is developed and validated with published experimental data. The validated model has been successfully incorporated into the TRNSYS computer program. 96looa2o The electric radiant floor Dormeau, J. P. and Gonord, M. Chaud. Froid. Plomb., Jun. 1995, 49, (570), 63-70. Discusses the development of electric floor heating systems in France. Describes the floor structure, the selection of controls and siting of thermostats, investment and running costs, comfort levels achieved and user satisfaction. Also describes the different versions of the electric floor heating system, their sizing and components.
50
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January
1996
96100821 Energy efficiency in new houses. Heat demand reduction versus cogeneration? Gilijamse, W. and Boonstra, M. E. Energy & Buildings, 1995, 23, (l), 49-62. Heat demand reduction and cogeneration are two main options lo reduce fuel consumption for space heating and warm tapwater in buildings. The article compares fuel saving and costs of these two options for the case of new Dutch houses. In the calculations, simulation techniques are used to account for diurnal and seasonal variations of both the heat demand level and the operational conditions of cogeneration. The use of short term thermal storage is considered in order to match heat supply and demand. 96100022 Evaluation of solid-desiccant-based evaporative cooling cycles to typical hot and humid climates Jain, S. er al., Inr. J. Refrig., Jun. 1995, 18, (5), 287-296. The paper gives an evaluation of various solid desiccant cycles for air conditioning in hot and humid climates. Reports that psychrometric evaluation of potential cycles for 16 typical Indian cities has been carried out with the aim of achieving standard room comfort conditions. The computer simulation is based on constant effectiveness of heat exchangers and evaporative coolers and data performance of a commercially available desiccant wheel dehumidifier. 96100823 Examination of the condition of district heating pipelines in east Germany Sura, W. Eurohear & Power, Jul.-Aug. 199.5, 24, (7), 354-359. (In German) Discusses the investigation of the condition of district heating pipelines in east Germany which have shown that they are in a satisfactory state. Presents some findings of the investigation with respect to pipelines fittings and thermal insulation. 96looa24 Experimental results with hydrocarbon mixtures in domestic refrigerator/freezers Liu, B. Y. er al., ASHRAE Trans., Paper No.CH.95-24-1, 1995, 101, (l), 1415-1421. The paper discusses how energy savings of up to 6% were made with propane/n-butane blends in a domestic refrigerator/freezer compared lo the baseline test with R12. The hydrocarbon mixtures were tested as drop-in substitutes. All the hardware remained the same, only the capillary tube was lengthened to control the flow rate. 96/00825 Extending Prague’s district heating system - The strategy Konstantin, P. Fern. Inrernar., Jun. 1995, 24, (6), 278-284. (In German) Describes the long-term strategy for extending the district heating system in Prague. 96100826 Functioning of CH boilers influenced by contributow oressure differences Hedgers, C. and Wind, H. Gas (Nerherlands), Nov. 1995, 115, (ll), 47-48. (In Flemish) Contributory pressure differences across central heating boilers result in a decrease in efficiency. In most cases, NO. emission will also fall. The design of applianceswill have lo be modified to prevent flame blow-off and, as a result, CO formation. The results of field tests of three efficiency measuring methods showed no big differences. 96/00827 Heat and mass transfer through large openings by natural convection Santamouris, M. er al., Energy & Buildings, 1995, 23, (l), 1-8. Convective heat and mass transfer through iarge openings play an important role in the thermal behaviour of buildings. These phenomena become even more determinant in the case of naturallv ventilated buildines. The paper reviews the models describing the involvid phenomena due to’gravitational and boundary layer pumping flows proposed up to 1992. A sensitivity analysis is also presented, aimed at a comparison of these models and a determination of the points requiring further research. 96/00828 Heat gain confidence levels for 15 typical walls using 31 years of hourly measurements in Athens Antonopoulos, K. A. et al., Energy Cowers. Mgmr., Apr. 1995, 36, (4), 263-279. The daily maximum values of the wall heat gain is specified for 15 typical wall constructions in Athens, based on hourly outdoor air temperature measurements over a period of 31 years. The calculated values of the heat gain for all the days are used to determine the frequency and confidence levels for the heat eain (not for the temuerature. as usual). thus enabline the engineer to sglect a design value cbrrespoiding lo a’specified risk revel. Two analytical expressions approximating the monthly average daily variations of the mean, maximum and minimum temperature of each month are also provided for the Athens area. 96/00829 Heat storage - Calculating heat storage Gini, M. and Di Leone, P. Insrallarore Ital., Aug. 1995, 46, (8), 1027-1034. (In Italian) The fourth of a series on heat storage. Describes a theoretical study of the assessment of temperature trends in a mass of earth, following a given mathematical procedure.