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00909 Cleaner production: Beyond projects
15 Characterlatlcs of reactlons In processes using 96loO9Q4 coal energy and the productlon and abatement of envlronment pollutants Naruse, I. Kagaku Kogaku, 1995, 59, (a), 386-387. (In Japanese) Discusses the relation between coal particle internal structures and coal reaction properties, formation of N,O m coal combustion, and the study of high-efficiency in-situ CaCO,-containing desuiphurization agents.
Chernobyl health effects: Radlatlon or stress? 96100905 Greenhaigh, G. Nuclear Engng. Int., Nov. 1995,40, (496), 38-39. While very high numbers of deaths and other illnesses have been attributed to the Chernobyl accident, sometimes deliberately to raise fears about nuclear energy, there is growing medical evidence that fear itself plays a part in causing the health problems. The author discusses health problems iiom the Che&obyi accident. Clean fossll fuel power generation 96100906 Hunter. J. Enerpv World, Oct. 1995. (232). 15-16. The w&id is de&&ding cleaner and’iore’efficient power generation to satisfy rising demand for electricity at lower cost. The article puts the case for ndw clean coal, or oil, combined cycle power generation systems currently bein developed worldwide, but not fast enough to benefit UK consumers an d Brltlsh manufacturing industry. .’ 96100907
Cleaner lndustrlal productlon In deveioplng countrles: Market opportunltles for developed countries
Luken, R. A. and Freij, A. C. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 71-78. The paper explores the potential size of the export market for cleaner industrial technology from developed to developing countries. 96lOO906
Environment (pollution, health protection, safety)
Cllmate change: The New Zealand response 96100913 New Zealand Minisrry for rhe Environment, PO Box 10362, WellingrOn, New Zealand, 69 pp. This is the first national communication of New Zealand under the Framework Convention on Climate Change and presents an inventory of poiiutant emissions from energy, industrial and agricultural sectors as well as from wastes, and the pohcies to reduce emissions.
Cllmats protectlon In Denmark 96100914 Denmark Ministry of the Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Apencv. Strandpade 20. DK-1401. Cooenhanen Denmark 116 DD. A”rep& of theYDanish government ii accoydance with ,&ticie’i2 of the UN Framework ConventIon on Climate Change provide information on the following: reference data on Denmark such iis geography, population, coasts, climate and the consumption of primary energy sources for energy and transport purposes, greenhouse gas emissions (1990-2005), the impact of expected &mate change on Denmark, especially the impact of sea level rise in the coastal area, and policies and measure to reduce emissions in the energy, transport and waste sectors. 96100915 Coal fly ash as a compostlng materlal for sewage sludge: Effect on mlcroblal actlvltles Wong, J. W. er al., Environ. Technol., 1995, 16, (6), 527-537. Coal fly ash has a strong alkaline buffering capacity which may render heavy metals in sewage sludge unavailable and the aim of this project is to study the potential of coal fly ash as a co-composting material for sewage sludge by evaluating its effeot on the microbial decomposition of sewage sludge.
A general
96100916 Combustlon research In Czech ‘Clean Coal Technology’ program
Peneda, M. and Frazao, R. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 25-28. In order to understand the framework for the first Portuguese Demonstration Programme on Cleaner Production, the situation of the Portuguese industry and industrial politics is presented. In this context the activities of the Portuguese Ministry of Industry and Energy are referred to as well as its strategic lines for industry technological support, including the stimuiation of cleaner production to companies. The main pollution problems in Portugal are also presented, related to industrial solid waste, water poiiution, air pollution and natural and man-induced risks, as well as the needs for investments in the 1990s for their control. The Portuguese Cleaner Production, organized by INETI-ITA is presented, stating its main objectives and activities.
Noskievic, P. and Koiat, P. Zest. Nauk. Polirech. Slask, Energ., 1994, 121, 187-194. (In Polish) Discusses the turbulent transfer phenomena in boilers to ensure the reduction of solid and gaseous emission. The research is based on the results of ~20 years of a plied combustion research, and it is possible to evaluate the suitability of tg e designed output of the power plant unit with a minimum of harmful emissions when burning low-grade Czech coal.
Cleaner productlon In Portugal -
approach
Cleaner productlon: Beyond projects 96100909 Baas. L. W. J. Cleaner Prod.. 1995. 3. 111. 55-59. Discisses how empirical reseaich hai re;eaied that, despite the positive results of many cleaner production case studies, in practice relatively little spontaneous spreading of the application of cleaner production approaches occurs. The paper reflects on the developments in cleaner production and products research within the past few years. Cleaner products in the Nordic countries based on the life c cle assessment a preach. The Swedish Product Ecology Projy ect and The Nor8 ic Project for Sustainable Product Development
96100910
Rydberg, T. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 101-105. Experiences from the implementation of the approach of ‘cleaner production’ or ‘environmentally sound product development’ in general, and from the use of this process of computer tools for life cycle assessments in particular, are covered in this paper. The work has been done within The Swedish Product Ecology Project, and its joint Nordic continuation Sustainable Product Development. The projects aim at integrating environmental optimization in product design and product development by developing user-friendly computer tools for calculating the total environmental impact of products from cradle to grave.
Cleaner technologies in Europe 96lOO911 Christiansen, K. et al., J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 67-70. At the start of 1993 the Commission of the European Union (EU), DG XI, initiated a study on cleaner technology in the EU Member States. The study has been carried out by the following organizations: RENDAN A/S, Danish Resource Management Centre, Denmark (project manager); Kruger, AS, Denmark; TME, Institute for Applied Environmental Economics, The Netherlands. The aim of the study was to give an update on the status and development of the implementanon of cleaner technology in the EU Member States, identify future trends and formulate recommendations for future action by the European Commission. Climate change: Australia’s national report under 96100912 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Australian Dept. of the Environment, Sport & Territories, GPO Box 787, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, 101 pp. The report presents the national context: geography, climate, population, natural-resources, agriculture, industry, transport, and energy, climate forecasting methodologies, and Australia’s vulnerability to climate change and sectoral policy responses.
Commercial ventilation 96100917 Hampson, M. Heat. Vent. Rev., Sep. 1995, 35, (II), 34-43. A special feature on new commercial ventilation equipment market.
on the UK
A complex study of alr pollution wlth cadmium, lead, polycyciic aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur dloxlde, and black smoke In the Zasavje Industrialized urban region In Slovenla
96100916
Milacic, R. et al., Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1995, 85, (3), 131-148. Discusses an investigation into air pollution from 1991 to 1994 in Trbovije, Zagorje, and Hrastnik, three towns in the Zasavje industraiiized urban region of Siovenia.
Cooperation between regional authorities and industrial comoanies on manaaement of the environment
96100919
Neergaard-Henrichsen, J. et al., J.-Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 29-31. In the CHARTA project operational oossibiiities are applied in order that companies and eivir&metitai authority in practice employ the latest principles on environmental management and cleaner technology. Thus a preventive effort is secured as the leading principle, rather than the ascertaining remedy principle. One of the major elements in the CHARTA project is the development of a new strategy, the main objective of which is to stimulate the industries in the county to implement environmental management systems and cleaner technology initiatives. The new strategy is based on the companies’ individual responsibility and corresponds to the companies’ environmental efforts and abilities to document their environmental performance. Those companies in Denmark that continually reduce their waste are given more flexibility and liberty of action.
Cost versus emission minimization In thermal elec96100920 tricity generation: A case of SO, emissions reduction from the Indian power system Chattopadhyay, D. Int. J. Energy Res., Nov. 1995, 19, (S), 721-727. There is a trade-off between costs and emission minimizing obiectives for electricity generation because of the measures needed to re&c;emissions. For SO, emission reduction there are adjustments within the system which involve-deviation from the least-cost generation schedule, changing power mix for future capacity and installation of abatement equipments, e.g. flue gas desuiphurization unit. The linear programming modeiiing framework (INGRID) presented brings out the nature of this trade-off for SO, emissions reduction from the Indian power system for existing capacity and future capacity addition. The adjustment within the existing system can take place through integrated optimal operations of various electricity utiiities by substituting generation of more polluting plants by less emitting efficient plants.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts January 1996 55
Chernobyl health effects: Radlatlon or stress? 96100905 Greenhaigh, G. Nuclear Engng. Int., Nov. 1995,40, (496), 38-39. While very high numbers of deaths and other illnesses have been attributed to the Chernobyl accident, sometimes deliberately to raise fears about nuclear energy, there is growing medical evidence that fear itself plays a part in causing the health problems. The author discusses health problems iiom the Che&obyi accident. Clean fossll fuel power generation 96100906 Hunter. J. Enerpv World, Oct. 1995. (232). 15-16. The w&id is de&&ding cleaner and’iore’efficient power generation to satisfy rising demand for electricity at lower cost. The article puts the case for ndw clean coal, or oil, combined cycle power generation systems currently bein developed worldwide, but not fast enough to benefit UK consumers an d Brltlsh manufacturing industry. .’ 96100907
Cleaner lndustrlal productlon In deveioplng countrles: Market opportunltles for developed countries
Luken, R. A. and Freij, A. C. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 71-78. The paper explores the potential size of the export market for cleaner industrial technology from developed to developing countries. 96lOO906
Environment (pollution, health protection, safety)
Cllmate change: The New Zealand response 96100913 New Zealand Minisrry for rhe Environment, PO Box 10362, WellingrOn, New Zealand, 69 pp. This is the first national communication of New Zealand under the Framework Convention on Climate Change and presents an inventory of poiiutant emissions from energy, industrial and agricultural sectors as well as from wastes, and the pohcies to reduce emissions.
Cllmats protectlon In Denmark 96100914 Denmark Ministry of the Environment, Danish Environmental Protection Apencv. Strandpade 20. DK-1401. Cooenhanen Denmark 116 DD. A”rep& of theYDanish government ii accoydance with ,&ticie’i2 of the UN Framework ConventIon on Climate Change provide information on the following: reference data on Denmark such iis geography, population, coasts, climate and the consumption of primary energy sources for energy and transport purposes, greenhouse gas emissions (1990-2005), the impact of expected &mate change on Denmark, especially the impact of sea level rise in the coastal area, and policies and measure to reduce emissions in the energy, transport and waste sectors. 96100915 Coal fly ash as a compostlng materlal for sewage sludge: Effect on mlcroblal actlvltles Wong, J. W. er al., Environ. Technol., 1995, 16, (6), 527-537. Coal fly ash has a strong alkaline buffering capacity which may render heavy metals in sewage sludge unavailable and the aim of this project is to study the potential of coal fly ash as a co-composting material for sewage sludge by evaluating its effeot on the microbial decomposition of sewage sludge.
A general
96100916 Combustlon research In Czech ‘Clean Coal Technology’ program
Peneda, M. and Frazao, R. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 25-28. In order to understand the framework for the first Portuguese Demonstration Programme on Cleaner Production, the situation of the Portuguese industry and industrial politics is presented. In this context the activities of the Portuguese Ministry of Industry and Energy are referred to as well as its strategic lines for industry technological support, including the stimuiation of cleaner production to companies. The main pollution problems in Portugal are also presented, related to industrial solid waste, water poiiution, air pollution and natural and man-induced risks, as well as the needs for investments in the 1990s for their control. The Portuguese Cleaner Production, organized by INETI-ITA is presented, stating its main objectives and activities.
Noskievic, P. and Koiat, P. Zest. Nauk. Polirech. Slask, Energ., 1994, 121, 187-194. (In Polish) Discusses the turbulent transfer phenomena in boilers to ensure the reduction of solid and gaseous emission. The research is based on the results of ~20 years of a plied combustion research, and it is possible to evaluate the suitability of tg e designed output of the power plant unit with a minimum of harmful emissions when burning low-grade Czech coal.
Cleaner productlon In Portugal -
approach
Cleaner productlon: Beyond projects 96100909 Baas. L. W. J. Cleaner Prod.. 1995. 3. 111. 55-59. Discisses how empirical reseaich hai re;eaied that, despite the positive results of many cleaner production case studies, in practice relatively little spontaneous spreading of the application of cleaner production approaches occurs. The paper reflects on the developments in cleaner production and products research within the past few years. Cleaner products in the Nordic countries based on the life c cle assessment a preach. The Swedish Product Ecology Projy ect and The Nor8 ic Project for Sustainable Product Development
96100910
Rydberg, T. J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 101-105. Experiences from the implementation of the approach of ‘cleaner production’ or ‘environmentally sound product development’ in general, and from the use of this process of computer tools for life cycle assessments in particular, are covered in this paper. The work has been done within The Swedish Product Ecology Project, and its joint Nordic continuation Sustainable Product Development. The projects aim at integrating environmental optimization in product design and product development by developing user-friendly computer tools for calculating the total environmental impact of products from cradle to grave.
Cleaner technologies in Europe 96lOO911 Christiansen, K. et al., J. Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 67-70. At the start of 1993 the Commission of the European Union (EU), DG XI, initiated a study on cleaner technology in the EU Member States. The study has been carried out by the following organizations: RENDAN A/S, Danish Resource Management Centre, Denmark (project manager); Kruger, AS, Denmark; TME, Institute for Applied Environmental Economics, The Netherlands. The aim of the study was to give an update on the status and development of the implementanon of cleaner technology in the EU Member States, identify future trends and formulate recommendations for future action by the European Commission. Climate change: Australia’s national report under 96100912 the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Australian Dept. of the Environment, Sport & Territories, GPO Box 787, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia, 101 pp. The report presents the national context: geography, climate, population, natural-resources, agriculture, industry, transport, and energy, climate forecasting methodologies, and Australia’s vulnerability to climate change and sectoral policy responses.
Commercial ventilation 96100917 Hampson, M. Heat. Vent. Rev., Sep. 1995, 35, (II), 34-43. A special feature on new commercial ventilation equipment market.
on the UK
A complex study of alr pollution wlth cadmium, lead, polycyciic aromatic hydrocarbons, sulfur dloxlde, and black smoke In the Zasavje Industrialized urban region In Slovenla
96100916
Milacic, R. et al., Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1995, 85, (3), 131-148. Discusses an investigation into air pollution from 1991 to 1994 in Trbovije, Zagorje, and Hrastnik, three towns in the Zasavje industraiiized urban region of Siovenia.
Cooperation between regional authorities and industrial comoanies on manaaement of the environment
96100919
Neergaard-Henrichsen, J. et al., J.-Cleaner Prod., 1995, 3, (l), 29-31. In the CHARTA project operational oossibiiities are applied in order that companies and eivir&metitai authority in practice employ the latest principles on environmental management and cleaner technology. Thus a preventive effort is secured as the leading principle, rather than the ascertaining remedy principle. One of the major elements in the CHARTA project is the development of a new strategy, the main objective of which is to stimulate the industries in the county to implement environmental management systems and cleaner technology initiatives. The new strategy is based on the companies’ individual responsibility and corresponds to the companies’ environmental efforts and abilities to document their environmental performance. Those companies in Denmark that continually reduce their waste are given more flexibility and liberty of action.
Cost versus emission minimization In thermal elec96100920 tricity generation: A case of SO, emissions reduction from the Indian power system Chattopadhyay, D. Int. J. Energy Res., Nov. 1995, 19, (S), 721-727. There is a trade-off between costs and emission minimizing obiectives for electricity generation because of the measures needed to re&c;emissions. For SO, emission reduction there are adjustments within the system which involve-deviation from the least-cost generation schedule, changing power mix for future capacity and installation of abatement equipments, e.g. flue gas desuiphurization unit. The linear programming modeiiing framework (INGRID) presented brings out the nature of this trade-off for SO, emissions reduction from the Indian power system for existing capacity and future capacity addition. The adjustment within the existing system can take place through integrated optimal operations of various electricity utiiities by substituting generation of more polluting plants by less emitting efficient plants.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts January 1996 55