- Email: [email protected]
02006 CO2 emissions from passenger transport. A comparison of international trends from 1973 to 1992
75 Environment %/olQe2 Calclnatlon of pulvorlxed Ilmoatono partlcloa under furnace InjectIon condltlonm Hu, N. and Scamni, A. W. Fur& Jan. 19%. 75, (2). 177-186. The calclnation behaviour of limestone particles (6-90 um) under furnace injection condition5 (1073-1673 K) was determmed Scanning electron microscopic analysis of partiaIly calcined particle5 revealed that calcination occurred over the total (internal and external) surface area with different calcination rates at different locations. A mode1 consistent with experimental rate data iudicated that the calcination rate was influenced by heat transfer. mass transfer and chemicpl kinetics. Internal temperatures and CO, partial pressure gradient5 produced a location-dependent calcination rate. 96lOlQQ2 Cancar risk due to occupatlonal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbona Nadon, L et al., Am J. Ind Med, 1995, 28, (3), 303-324. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon5 (PAHs) demonstrate carcinogenic activity in animal models. Although some epidemiolo studies have implicated PAHs as risk factor5 for human cancer.,the CVIf ence reported to date has not been consistent. The purpose of tis report is to describe the associations between occupational exposure to PAHs in the workplace and each of 14 types of cancer. A population-based, case-control study was carried out in Montreal to investigate associations between a large variety of environmental and occupational exposures on the one hand, and several types of cancer on the other. Q6lQl994 Capture of carbon dloxlds using membrane gas absorption and rouse In the horticultural Industry Feron, P. H. and Jansen. A. E. Energy Convers. Mgmr., Jun.-Sep. 1995, 36, (6), 411-414. The principle and engineetig aspects of the membrane gas absorption process are discussed. It is shown that membrane as absorbers have size advantages over conventional equipment. A suitabPe choice of absorption liquids and membranes is necessary to achieve a workable system. Significant reductions in the Fner&y consum@on of absorption processes can be achieved. For applications m the homcultural industry the membrane gas absorption process leads to a cost effective way of carbon dioxide production. Q6lOl QQS 1994 carbon dloxldo fact sheet Walsh, J. H. Energy Studies Review, 1995, 7, (l), 77-79. The author and independent Energy Advisor in Ottawa discussesthe 1994 issue of the ‘Carbon Dioxide Fact Sheet’ which follows the same format as in previous years but has been extended to include other countries and regrons of interest. The cal b lations rely upon the BP Statistical Review of World Energy for consumption data for the world and its principal region5 and nations.
mlo2ooo selenium Wvomina
Charactarlzatlon In some range
(pollution, health protection, s&My) and correlation and coal mlne
Sh&asa&ar, S. and Vance, G. F. Conunun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 1995, 26. (IS), 2577.2591. Disc&& a study of a range of coal mine (reclaimed and abandoned) soils using various sod extracts, including saturated paste, hot water, ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA, and phosphate in order to compare the Se extraction efficiency of these reagent5 and to characterize the soil-plant Se correiations in these environments.
%/02001 Chemical CO, flxatlon technology - RlTE project Masuda, S. Energy Convers. Mgmt., Jun.&p. 1995, 36, (6). 567-572. Discusses the efforts which have been made to develop chemical, biological and physical methods of fiiing CO,, which is one of the possible main causes of the 1obaI warming, and aIso method5 of utilizing CO* effectively. The RI t-E CO, Center (Ja an) has been expandii the national nroiect of chemical and biolom kaf CO. fixation since 19!&. whiih is a i&arch committed by I+XDO.‘In this re*prt the author d&usses the situations of the development of the three elemental techniques tackIed by the project team, subj&ts attendant on the development. tid the examiriition situations of the total system including the elemental technique5 and future problems. Also, the future of this project is reviewed. 96/02002 (Ukralne)
Chernobyl
closure
agreed - But left open-ended
Nuclear Engineering Int., Feb. 1996, 41, (499), p. 2. Reports that after protracted negotiations lasting several years, on 20 December 1995, Ukraine signed M agreement in Ottawa with the G7 wuntries and the European Commission on the closure of Chernobyl.
96/02003 The Clean Alr Act’8 rulfur dioxide emlsrlonr market: Estlmating the costs of regulatory and Ieglrlatlve Intervention Winebrake, J. J. et al., Resource & Energy Economics, Nov. 1995, 17, (3), 239-260. The paper explores the economic impacts of regulatory and legislative intervention in the Clean Air Act Amendment’s sulphur dioxide SO,) allowance trading market. This intervention is of two types: (1) 6.sect intervention through laws or regulatory orders that constrain compliance options of market participants, and 2) indirect intervention, reflected in utility decision making, and caused 6 y a lack of regulatory policies that clarify the treatment of allowance market transactions. The aper uses a dynamic, linear programming model to empirically estimate tge economic impact5 of this intervention. An example of direct intervention is explored by modeling actual legislative and/or regulatory proposals in New York and Wisconsin, indirect intervention is explored through the development of a cost-uncertainty tradeoff curve.
Carbon dloxlde recovery by msane of aqueous ixe?” Erga, 0. et al., Energy Convers. Mgmr., Jun.-Sep. 1995,36, (6), 387-392.
96/02004 Clean alr around the world Murley, L. (cd) Published by IUAPPA, available
Aqueous
St., Brighton
amine systems for CO recovery from flue gas in * natural gas fiied power plant. has been stu&ed, with main emphasis on amino acid salts and MDEA promoted with pipe&m.
96101997 Carbon dloxlde separatlon through water-rwollengel mixture YIakkbayhi, M. et al., Energy Convers. hfgmr., Jun.-Sep. 1995, 36, (6), The separation of carbon dioxide through the facilitated transport membrane has been investigated. The membrane remains to be effective for more than a month u&r reduced pressure by using a gel membrane as a support for the liquid membrane. Moreover, carbon dioxide permeation n&and selectivity-increase by adding crown ether analogues td potassium carbonate aqueous solution. 96lO1990 Carbon-13 materlals as models for NO, and N,O release durlng coal char comburtlon Jones, J. M. and Thomas, K. M. Carbon, 1995, 33, (8). 1129-1139. The release of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere as a result of coal combustion is a major environmental roblem: NO, contributes to acid rain, while N,O is a greenhouse gas ancf.IS sufficiently stable to diffuse to the upper atmosphere where it participates in ozone depleting reactions. Therefore there is a great deal of interest in determining factor5 which govern the release of Bases such as NO, and N,O over Nz&ring coal and char combustion. A previous study in the laboratory demonstrated the potential of using isotopically ure carbon-13 material5 as model coal chars. In this manner, N,O and e 0, could be mass-resolved and therefore the formation of these species could be followed by TG-MS. 90/01999 CFC phase-out debate warms up Joyner, B. et al., AIRAH J, Oct. 1995, 10, (lo), 16-23. Presents four short articles dealing with chlorofluorocarbons.
of roll and plant environmenta of
BNl
IRG,
UK, f49.00,
1995,
from
NSCA,
136 North
400~~.
96102005 CO, emlerlon reduction In Canada: Results from an energy system model r;Il J. D. and Rogner, H. H. Energy Studies Review, 1995, 7, (l), - . Canada is committed to stabilizing emissions of greenhouse gases at 1990 levels by the year 2000. The paper examines the costs and benefits of meeting the key component of this commitment: energy-related carbon dioxide (CO 0) emissions. The analysis uses a dynamic linear programming metho dology to produce a process-oriented, techno-ewnomic model of the Canada energv system for the oriod 1990-2030. Three scenarios are analyzed to investga& the effects df sectoral vs. overall limits on CO, emissions compared to a ‘business-as-usual’ base case. The results from this work point to least-cost routes to CO, emission reduction. as well as addressing the issue of ‘equity vs. efficiency’ in achieving the reductions. Potential collateral benefits lo emission reduction are also discussed. 96lO2006 CO, emlrrlons from passenger transport. A comparlson of lnternatlonal trend8 from 1973 to 1992 Scholl, L. et al., Energy Policy, Jan. 19%. 24, (1). 17-30. 2; F r pr?vides a comparative analysis of tpe changes in energy ye $ enusSions from passenger tram rt m tune OECD wuntnes. Unlike most previous analysis, the author5 r ased their analysis on a newly published international data set wverin vehicle activity. passenger travel and fuel use by mode. Calculates how c %anges in activity. modal wmposition and the energy intensity of each mode contributed to changes in total energy use from travel in nine countries between 1973 and 1992. Increased travel activity and modal shifts boosted energy use, while reduction in modal energy intensities reduced energy use from automobiles in the USA and in air travel throughout the sample of countries. As a result, travel related energy use increased sharply III every country except in Denmark and the USA.
Fuel and Energy Abetracts
March 1996
125
mlo2ooo selenium Wvomina
Charactarlzatlon In some range
(pollution, health protection, s&My) and correlation and coal mlne
Sh&asa&ar, S. and Vance, G. F. Conunun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal., 1995, 26. (IS), 2577.2591. Disc&& a study of a range of coal mine (reclaimed and abandoned) soils using various sod extracts, including saturated paste, hot water, ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA, and phosphate in order to compare the Se extraction efficiency of these reagent5 and to characterize the soil-plant Se correiations in these environments.
%/02001 Chemical CO, flxatlon technology - RlTE project Masuda, S. Energy Convers. Mgmt., Jun.&p. 1995, 36, (6). 567-572. Discusses the efforts which have been made to develop chemical, biological and physical methods of fiiing CO,, which is one of the possible main causes of the 1obaI warming, and aIso method5 of utilizing CO* effectively. The RI t-E CO, Center (Ja an) has been expandii the national nroiect of chemical and biolom kaf CO. fixation since 19!&. whiih is a i&arch committed by I+XDO.‘In this re*prt the author d&usses the situations of the development of the three elemental techniques tackIed by the project team, subj&ts attendant on the development. tid the examiriition situations of the total system including the elemental technique5 and future problems. Also, the future of this project is reviewed. 96/02002 (Ukralne)
Chernobyl
closure
agreed - But left open-ended
Nuclear Engineering Int., Feb. 1996, 41, (499), p. 2. Reports that after protracted negotiations lasting several years, on 20 December 1995, Ukraine signed M agreement in Ottawa with the G7 wuntries and the European Commission on the closure of Chernobyl.
96/02003 The Clean Alr Act’8 rulfur dioxide emlsrlonr market: Estlmating the costs of regulatory and Ieglrlatlve Intervention Winebrake, J. J. et al., Resource & Energy Economics, Nov. 1995, 17, (3), 239-260. The paper explores the economic impacts of regulatory and legislative intervention in the Clean Air Act Amendment’s sulphur dioxide SO,) allowance trading market. This intervention is of two types: (1) 6.sect intervention through laws or regulatory orders that constrain compliance options of market participants, and 2) indirect intervention, reflected in utility decision making, and caused 6 y a lack of regulatory policies that clarify the treatment of allowance market transactions. The aper uses a dynamic, linear programming model to empirically estimate tge economic impact5 of this intervention. An example of direct intervention is explored by modeling actual legislative and/or regulatory proposals in New York and Wisconsin, indirect intervention is explored through the development of a cost-uncertainty tradeoff curve.
Carbon dloxlde recovery by msane of aqueous ixe?” Erga, 0. et al., Energy Convers. Mgmr., Jun.-Sep. 1995,36, (6), 387-392.
96/02004 Clean alr around the world Murley, L. (cd) Published by IUAPPA, available
Aqueous
St., Brighton
amine systems for CO recovery from flue gas in * natural gas fiied power plant. has been stu&ed, with main emphasis on amino acid salts and MDEA promoted with pipe&m.
96101997 Carbon dloxlde separatlon through water-rwollengel mixture YIakkbayhi, M. et al., Energy Convers. hfgmr., Jun.-Sep. 1995, 36, (6), The separation of carbon dioxide through the facilitated transport membrane has been investigated. The membrane remains to be effective for more than a month u&r reduced pressure by using a gel membrane as a support for the liquid membrane. Moreover, carbon dioxide permeation n&and selectivity-increase by adding crown ether analogues td potassium carbonate aqueous solution. 96lO1990 Carbon-13 materlals as models for NO, and N,O release durlng coal char comburtlon Jones, J. M. and Thomas, K. M. Carbon, 1995, 33, (8). 1129-1139. The release of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere as a result of coal combustion is a major environmental roblem: NO, contributes to acid rain, while N,O is a greenhouse gas ancf.IS sufficiently stable to diffuse to the upper atmosphere where it participates in ozone depleting reactions. Therefore there is a great deal of interest in determining factor5 which govern the release of Bases such as NO, and N,O over Nz&ring coal and char combustion. A previous study in the laboratory demonstrated the potential of using isotopically ure carbon-13 material5 as model coal chars. In this manner, N,O and e 0, could be mass-resolved and therefore the formation of these species could be followed by TG-MS. 90/01999 CFC phase-out debate warms up Joyner, B. et al., AIRAH J, Oct. 1995, 10, (lo), 16-23. Presents four short articles dealing with chlorofluorocarbons.
of roll and plant environmenta of
BNl
IRG,
UK, f49.00,
1995,
from
NSCA,
136 North
400~~.
96102005 CO, emlerlon reduction In Canada: Results from an energy system model r;Il J. D. and Rogner, H. H. Energy Studies Review, 1995, 7, (l), - . Canada is committed to stabilizing emissions of greenhouse gases at 1990 levels by the year 2000. The paper examines the costs and benefits of meeting the key component of this commitment: energy-related carbon dioxide (CO 0) emissions. The analysis uses a dynamic linear programming metho dology to produce a process-oriented, techno-ewnomic model of the Canada energv system for the oriod 1990-2030. Three scenarios are analyzed to investga& the effects df sectoral vs. overall limits on CO, emissions compared to a ‘business-as-usual’ base case. The results from this work point to least-cost routes to CO, emission reduction. as well as addressing the issue of ‘equity vs. efficiency’ in achieving the reductions. Potential collateral benefits lo emission reduction are also discussed. 96lO2006 CO, emlrrlons from passenger transport. A comparlson of lnternatlonal trend8 from 1973 to 1992 Scholl, L. et al., Energy Policy, Jan. 19%. 24, (1). 17-30. 2; F r pr?vides a comparative analysis of tpe changes in energy ye $ enusSions from passenger tram rt m tune OECD wuntnes. Unlike most previous analysis, the author5 r ased their analysis on a newly published international data set wverin vehicle activity. passenger travel and fuel use by mode. Calculates how c %anges in activity. modal wmposition and the energy intensity of each mode contributed to changes in total energy use from travel in nine countries between 1973 and 1992. Increased travel activity and modal shifts boosted energy use, while reduction in modal energy intensities reduced energy use from automobiles in the USA and in air travel throughout the sample of countries. As a result, travel related energy use increased sharply III every country except in Denmark and the USA.
Fuel and Energy Abetracts
March 1996
125