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03481 Characterization of coals for liquefaction using image analysis
01
Solid fuels (sources, winning, properties)
Determination of forma of organic sulfur in coal by 96103487 step-wise oxidation with perchloric acid-ferric perchlorate mixture Zhou, X. and Chriswell, C. Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (l), 41-47. Differentation of organic sulphur forms in coal by step-wise oxidation with a mixture of perchloric acid (HCIO,) and ferric perchlorate was studied.
01 SOLID FUELS Sources, Winning,
Properties
96103476 Application of multiple sorption model to prediction of aorptive and dilatometric properties of coal related to water and methane under different pressure conditions Milewska-Duda, J. and Duda, J. Arch. Min. Sci., 1995, 40, (3). 329-338. Describes the theoretical model of sorption in elastic-porous materials which enables the calculation of coal sorption capacity of various sorbates under pressure, given energy and structural parameters of the sorption system. The model enables the calculation of adsorption isotherms for submicropores, in elastic regions of coal matter, and coal expansion. 96103479 Basic coal science. II. Structure analysis of coal Aida, T. Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 1995, 74, (12). 1056-1062. (In Japanese) Discusses the recent progress in spectroscopic analysis of physical and chemical structures of coal. 96103460 The characteristic distribution of trace elements in several typical Chinese coals Yan, R. et al., Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1995, 14, (4), 43-47. (In Chinese) Reports that more than 20 elements in seven typical Chinese coals were determined, the results were processed by using Solari model, and the distribution of the elements in organic materials, minerals, and S-containing constituents, and the index of their affinity for organic compounds were obtained. The results were used for the study of pollution by heavy metals contained in the sub-micrometer particles produced in combustion of coal. 96103481 Characterization of coals for liquefaction using image analysis Pickering, A. et al., Coal Sci. Techrlol., 1995, 24, (2), 1267-1270. The paper describes the image analysis which allows a non-subjective assessment of coal constituents in terms of what may react and what ma) not react. In addition the image analysis could prove useful as a means for assessing why some coals are unsuitable for some utilizarion purposes. 96103482 Chemical composition of SCG extracts obtained from coal and maceral concentrates Vayisoglu, E. S. et al., Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (2), 99-115. Five Turkish coals and macerals were subjected to supercritical roluene extraction at 400’ and 100 atmosphere. The extractions were separated inlo three fractions, namely preasphaltene, asphaltene and oil. Oil fractions were further separated into paraffinic, aromatic and polar sub-fractions. Discusses the spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis of these paraffinic, aromatic and polar sub-fractions. 96103483 Chemical composition of xylitic and humic brown coals as seen by pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass apectrometry Del Rio, J. C. er al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (l), 99-102. Flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to assess the chemical structure of xylitic and humic brown coals. 96103484 The chemical constitution of Pocahontaa No. 3 coal Stock, L. M. and Obeng, M. Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (l), 67-69. The paper describes a new method for Ihe definition of the larger aromatic structural elements in high-rank coals which has been developed. The procedure involves the oxidative decomposiGon of the coal with oxygen in basic solution and Ihe subsequent decarboxylation of the aromatic carboxylic acids lo yield a mixture of aromatic compounds rhar can readily be analyzed by conventional methods. 96103465 Coal geology, reserves and production in northern and central Appalachia Slatick, E. R. and Hong, B. D. Miu Eng. (Llrrlerorl, Co/o.). 19YS, 47, (12), 1091-1093. A review of coal geology, reserves, and production in northern and central Appalachia, focusing on coal fields in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, and eastern Kentucky. Topics discussed include a geology overview, production, history, major coalbeds and characteristics, reserves, and coal properties. 96103486 Coal Science. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Coal Science: Volume II Pajares, J. A. and Tascon, J. M. i&s.], Coni Scf. Teci~t~~l.. 1814 pages) Elsevier. Amsterdam, The Netlrerlatxl~. 1995. 24. (2).
250
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1996
Determination of transferable hydrogen in coal. 96103488 Part I. Reaction behaviour of coal with iodomethane Yoshida, T. et al., Coal Sci. Tech&., 1995, 24, (2), 1255-1258. Coal was reacted with Me1 in order to determine the amount of transferable hydrogen in coal that would be reactive during coal liquefaction. Reactions of model aromatic hydroaromatic, and cycloaliphatic compounds with Me1 strongly depended on the chemical strucmres, but side reactions such as dealkylation were nor observed. The reaction of coal with Mel was more complex. 96103489 Effect of nitric acid attack on the organic sulfur content of coals Rodriguez, R. A. and Clemente, C. Coal Sci. Techrlol., 1995, 24, (2), 1717-1720. The paper describes how HNO, was used to determine Ihe forms of sulphur in and to examine desulfuriration of Mequinenza (Spanish) coals. 96/03490 The effects of water and methanol sorption on aurfaces of coals of different rank Stachurski, J. and Zyla, M. .4rch. Mitt. Sci., 1995, 40, (3) 317.327. The authors studied the sorption of MeOH and water vapours on 10 coals with coalification 75-95s. Medium rank coals of rank 35 and 37 exhibited a low absoptivity for steam. For these coals the function of sorption capacity has a minimum in at 85-90”. Implications of variations in petrography on the ali96103491 phatic hydrocarbon composition within the Barrett Coal Member, Upper Permian Wittingham coal measures, northern Sydney Basin, New South Wales (NSW), Australia Casareo, F. E. er al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (l), 279-282. The Barrett Coal Member in the Howick Opencut Mine, Hunter Valley, NSW is a high-volatile bituminous coal that forms the basal seam of the Upper Permian Foybrook Formation of the Wittingham Coal Measures in the Howick area. Detailed petrographic analyses of the coal reveal cycles of peat formation defined by variations in the ratio: structured vitrinite t inertinite/unstructured vitrinite t inertinite. These cycles also correspond to coal piles that are separated invariably by dirtbands. Kinetic studies on low temperature oxidation of low 96103492 rank coal lithotypes by molecular oxygen Markova, K. I. er al., Coa! Sci. Techjrol., 1995, 24, (l), 457-460. Low-rank coal lithotypes (xylain, humovitrain, fusain, and liptain) were air oxidized al 80-140” ahd 103 Pa. The maximum and stationary rates of oxidation, induction periods, and activation energies for lhese oxidation experiments were determined. Low energy scintillation apectrometry for direct 96103493 determination of “a U and ““Pb in coal and ash samples Yener, G. Y. and Uysal, I. Appl. Hadiar. ISOL, 1996, 47, (l), 93-96. Fly ash, botrom ash and coal samples from a power plant operating with uraniferous coal were analyzed for their *‘“Pb and 23RUcontent by a technique developed in low ener 4~~ scintilla!ion gamma-spectrometry, The results were compared with the Ra contents determined with high energy specrromerry. 96103494 Macromolecular structure of brown coal and reactivity for thermochemical degradation Kuznetsov, P. N. er al., Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1995, 339, (l), 55-57. (In Russian) Reports on a study made of the supermolecular structure of brown coal on its reactivity for hydrogenation in Tetralin or MeOH aI 380” and 5 MPa. Mine automation 96103495 Chadwick, J. Mining Magazine, Jun. 1995, 172, (6), 333-341. The article discusses automation which is one of the mosl important rent areas of research and,developmem for both mining companies many suppliers.
curand
96103496 Mineralogical composition of the Highvale Mine coals and its impact on plant performance Gent& T. er al., Energy Sources, 1995, 17, (6), 681.702. Mineralogical analysis of Ihe Highvale Mine coals using X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows quartz, kaolinite, illire, and feldspars IO dominate. Minor amounts of carbonate and unknown hydrate minerals are also present, and most minerals reported by the XRD have been verifield by SEM-energydispersive X-ray specrromelry (SEM-EDX) on selected samples using back-scalIered electron imaging on coal pellets. The coal ash indexes show the flighvale Mine coals to have low-to-medium propensity lo form slagging or fouling deposits in the boiler\.
Solid fuels (sources, winning, properties)
Determination of forma of organic sulfur in coal by 96103487 step-wise oxidation with perchloric acid-ferric perchlorate mixture Zhou, X. and Chriswell, C. Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (l), 41-47. Differentation of organic sulphur forms in coal by step-wise oxidation with a mixture of perchloric acid (HCIO,) and ferric perchlorate was studied.
01 SOLID FUELS Sources, Winning,
Properties
96103476 Application of multiple sorption model to prediction of aorptive and dilatometric properties of coal related to water and methane under different pressure conditions Milewska-Duda, J. and Duda, J. Arch. Min. Sci., 1995, 40, (3). 329-338. Describes the theoretical model of sorption in elastic-porous materials which enables the calculation of coal sorption capacity of various sorbates under pressure, given energy and structural parameters of the sorption system. The model enables the calculation of adsorption isotherms for submicropores, in elastic regions of coal matter, and coal expansion. 96103479 Basic coal science. II. Structure analysis of coal Aida, T. Nippon Enerugi Gakkaishi, 1995, 74, (12). 1056-1062. (In Japanese) Discusses the recent progress in spectroscopic analysis of physical and chemical structures of coal. 96103460 The characteristic distribution of trace elements in several typical Chinese coals Yan, R. et al., Fenxi Shiyanshi, 1995, 14, (4), 43-47. (In Chinese) Reports that more than 20 elements in seven typical Chinese coals were determined, the results were processed by using Solari model, and the distribution of the elements in organic materials, minerals, and S-containing constituents, and the index of their affinity for organic compounds were obtained. The results were used for the study of pollution by heavy metals contained in the sub-micrometer particles produced in combustion of coal. 96103481 Characterization of coals for liquefaction using image analysis Pickering, A. et al., Coal Sci. Techrlol., 1995, 24, (2), 1267-1270. The paper describes the image analysis which allows a non-subjective assessment of coal constituents in terms of what may react and what ma) not react. In addition the image analysis could prove useful as a means for assessing why some coals are unsuitable for some utilizarion purposes. 96103482 Chemical composition of SCG extracts obtained from coal and maceral concentrates Vayisoglu, E. S. et al., Fuel Process. Technol., 1996, 46, (2), 99-115. Five Turkish coals and macerals were subjected to supercritical roluene extraction at 400’ and 100 atmosphere. The extractions were separated inlo three fractions, namely preasphaltene, asphaltene and oil. Oil fractions were further separated into paraffinic, aromatic and polar sub-fractions. Discusses the spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis of these paraffinic, aromatic and polar sub-fractions. 96103483 Chemical composition of xylitic and humic brown coals as seen by pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass apectrometry Del Rio, J. C. er al., Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (l), 99-102. Flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to assess the chemical structure of xylitic and humic brown coals. 96103484 The chemical constitution of Pocahontaa No. 3 coal Stock, L. M. and Obeng, M. Coal Sci. Technol., 1995, 24, (l), 67-69. The paper describes a new method for Ihe definition of the larger aromatic structural elements in high-rank coals which has been developed. The procedure involves the oxidative decomposiGon of the coal with oxygen in basic solution and Ihe subsequent decarboxylation of the aromatic carboxylic acids lo yield a mixture of aromatic compounds rhar can readily be analyzed by conventional methods. 96103465 Coal geology, reserves and production in northern and central Appalachia Slatick, E. R. and Hong, B. D. Miu Eng. (Llrrlerorl, Co/o.). 19YS, 47, (12), 1091-1093. A review of coal geology, reserves, and production in northern and central Appalachia, focusing on coal fields in Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, and eastern Kentucky. Topics discussed include a geology overview, production, history, major coalbeds and characteristics, reserves, and coal properties. 96103486 Coal Science. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Coal Science: Volume II Pajares, J. A. and Tascon, J. M. i&s.], Coni Scf. Teci~t~~l.. 1814 pages) Elsevier. Amsterdam, The Netlrerlatxl~. 1995. 24. (2).
250
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1996
Determination of transferable hydrogen in coal. 96103488 Part I. Reaction behaviour of coal with iodomethane Yoshida, T. et al., Coal Sci. Tech&., 1995, 24, (2), 1255-1258. Coal was reacted with Me1 in order to determine the amount of transferable hydrogen in coal that would be reactive during coal liquefaction. Reactions of model aromatic hydroaromatic, and cycloaliphatic compounds with Me1 strongly depended on the chemical strucmres, but side reactions such as dealkylation were nor observed. The reaction of coal with Mel was more complex. 96103489 Effect of nitric acid attack on the organic sulfur content of coals Rodriguez, R. A. and Clemente, C. Coal Sci. Techrlol., 1995, 24, (2), 1717-1720. The paper describes how HNO, was used to determine Ihe forms of sulphur in and to examine desulfuriration of Mequinenza (Spanish) coals. 96/03490 The effects of water and methanol sorption on aurfaces of coals of different rank Stachurski, J. and Zyla, M. .4rch. Mitt. Sci., 1995, 40, (3) 317.327. The authors studied the sorption of MeOH and water vapours on 10 coals with coalification 75-95s. Medium rank coals of rank 35 and 37 exhibited a low absoptivity for steam. For these coals the function of sorption capacity has a minimum in at 85-90”. Implications of variations in petrography on the ali96103491 phatic hydrocarbon composition within the Barrett Coal Member, Upper Permian Wittingham coal measures, northern Sydney Basin, New South Wales (NSW), Australia Casareo, F. E. er al., Coal Sci. Techno/., 1995, 24, (l), 279-282. The Barrett Coal Member in the Howick Opencut Mine, Hunter Valley, NSW is a high-volatile bituminous coal that forms the basal seam of the Upper Permian Foybrook Formation of the Wittingham Coal Measures in the Howick area. Detailed petrographic analyses of the coal reveal cycles of peat formation defined by variations in the ratio: structured vitrinite t inertinite/unstructured vitrinite t inertinite. These cycles also correspond to coal piles that are separated invariably by dirtbands. Kinetic studies on low temperature oxidation of low 96103492 rank coal lithotypes by molecular oxygen Markova, K. I. er al., Coa! Sci. Techjrol., 1995, 24, (l), 457-460. Low-rank coal lithotypes (xylain, humovitrain, fusain, and liptain) were air oxidized al 80-140” ahd 103 Pa. The maximum and stationary rates of oxidation, induction periods, and activation energies for lhese oxidation experiments were determined. Low energy scintillation apectrometry for direct 96103493 determination of “a U and ““Pb in coal and ash samples Yener, G. Y. and Uysal, I. Appl. Hadiar. ISOL, 1996, 47, (l), 93-96. Fly ash, botrom ash and coal samples from a power plant operating with uraniferous coal were analyzed for their *‘“Pb and 23RUcontent by a technique developed in low ener 4~~ scintilla!ion gamma-spectrometry, The results were compared with the Ra contents determined with high energy specrromerry. 96103494 Macromolecular structure of brown coal and reactivity for thermochemical degradation Kuznetsov, P. N. er al., Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1995, 339, (l), 55-57. (In Russian) Reports on a study made of the supermolecular structure of brown coal on its reactivity for hydrogenation in Tetralin or MeOH aI 380” and 5 MPa. Mine automation 96103495 Chadwick, J. Mining Magazine, Jun. 1995, 172, (6), 333-341. The article discusses automation which is one of the mosl important rent areas of research and,developmem for both mining companies many suppliers.
curand
96103496 Mineralogical composition of the Highvale Mine coals and its impact on plant performance Gent& T. er al., Energy Sources, 1995, 17, (6), 681.702. Mineralogical analysis of Ihe Highvale Mine coals using X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows quartz, kaolinite, illire, and feldspars IO dominate. Minor amounts of carbonate and unknown hydrate minerals are also present, and most minerals reported by the XRD have been verifield by SEM-energydispersive X-ray specrromelry (SEM-EDX) on selected samples using back-scalIered electron imaging on coal pellets. The coal ash indexes show the flighvale Mine coals to have low-to-medium propensity lo form slagging or fouling deposits in the boiler\.