00033 Historical timeline for Colorado hydrocarbons

01

Solid

fuels

97lOOQ31 lacustrine Karapinar

(sources,

winning,

properties)

The geology and coal petrography of Miocene lignites and Permian bituminous coals from the area, Snriz, Turkey

T&c. J. Earth Sci. 1996, 5, (I), l-10. Karayigit, A. 1. and Andag, Y., The coals which occur in the Karapinar area are mainly within faultbounded lacustrine Middle Miocene deposits, and locally within shales in the lower part of marine Upper Permian limestones. This paper presents the geological setting, proximate analyses. mineralogical and petrographical composition, maceral-based coal faces interpretation and rank of the Middle Miocene lignites, and preliminary results of the Upper Permian bituminous coals.

Geology, petrology and 97100032 some Tertiary coals of the northeastern

utilization potential region of India

of

Mishra. H. K.; and Ghosh, R. K., 1nt.J. Coal Grol.. 1996, 30, (l-2), 6% 100. This paper examines the coal-bearing Tertiary sediments of the northeastern region of India which range in age from Palaeocene to Oligocene.

97lOOO33

Historical

timeline

for Colorado

hydrocarbons

Oldaker, P.. Colorado Sch. Mines Q. Rev. Eng., Sci., Educ. RE., 1995, 95, (3), 37-44. Coal was the first Colorado hydrocarbon discovered in 1821 in the Raton Basin. In 1858 the Marshall coal mine opened on South Boulder Creek in the Denver Basin. In these early coal mines across the state, methane from the coal was noted. The first documented gas seeps or shallow shows associated with coal were in 1886 at Coal Basin (Pitkin country) and near Louisville, Boulder country and further ones have been noted for most of the hydrocarbon basins in the state.

97100034

Hydro-extraction

of coal through

wells

Qol’ 1996, (3), 16-18. (In Russian) Arenr. V. Zh. and Khcheyan, G. Kh.. This report, with four references, discusses underground hydra-extraction with the use of wells in coal mining.

97lQOO4Q Measurement mineral suspensions

of radioactivity

in some bauxite

Gabric, A. and Prohic. E., Zh. Rad.-Hrlat. Go/. Kmgn, I. 1995, I, 173-175 (In Croatian). Edited hy Vlahovic, 1. etal., lnstitut za Geoloska Istrazivanja: Zagreb, Croatia. This paper examines the project ‘Map of Mineral Deposits of Republic of Croatia’ in the area of the lstria peninsula. It was observed that there was an increase of radionuclides content in some bauxite deposits associated with the process of pyritization. The recent studies of pyritized hauxites in the Minjera mine have raised the question of the origin of sulfur and radionuclides together with media and timing of the mentioned processes. Preliminary results in the areas of the Minjera mine and Karojba reveal a decrepancy. Taking into consideration the structural and tectonic framework of the deposits in northern Istria, as well as previously detailed directions of groundwater flows, it is possible to link the high content of sulfur (pyrite), and increased radioactivity in pyritized hauxites in northern Istria and in the Rasa coal deposits with the radioactive thermomineral water of the lstria spa.

97100036

India to open coal sector

Miniq Jnl, 28 Feb. 1997, 328, (8418). 163. Looks at the Indian Government’s plans to make regulation of the coal industry.

97lOQO37 Influences characteristics of coal

of maceral

and

major

rank

changes

to the

on combustion

Zhang, X. et al.. Rrrnliuo Hnawue Xuehao, 1996. 24, (2), 16X-173. (In Chinese) The overall objective of this project was to determine combustion properties of hand-selected maceral-rich coal and chars, and try to predict combustion behaviour of various coals on the basis of their maceral compositions and ranks.

The interfacial properties, flotation behavior and 97/00036 suspension rheology of coal and pyrite systems: the influence of various reagents Sotillo,

et al.,

97lQOO39 heat-release

1995, 266 pp.. Disu. Ah.w

Kinetic parameters rate measurements

Int., B, 1996, 57, (3). 2120.

of oxidation

of bituminous

from

Jones, J. C. el crl., Fuel, Dee 1996. 75, (IS), 1755-1757. This paper discusses how the Arrhenius parameters of oxidation of two Scottish bituminous coals were determined from heat-release rate measurements at laboratory oven temperatures. When the heat release rate expression so obtained was applied at stockpiling temperatures (approximately 300 K). one coal was shown to have a significantly greater propensity to spontaneous combustion than the other.

4

Fuel and Energy Abstracts

January 1997

properties

of coal and

Kawatra, S. K. and Bakshi, A. K., Mirrrn Procets.: Racmt Ath. Futuw 7’rmds, froc. Conf.. 1995, 341-34X. Edited by Mehrotra, S. P. and Shekhar, R., Allied Publishers: New Delhi, India. This report looks at the fact that many mineral processing operations arc carried out in wet media. their performances depend upon the flow type (rheological) of the suspension. It is difficult to characterize the complex rheology of the suspension being processed. In this study a vibrating sphere viscometer and rotational viscometer were used to measure viscosity online and distinguish between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. The vibrating sphere viscometer was used to measure the viscosity at a high shear rate, while the rotational viscometer was used to measure the viscosity at a low shear rate. The two instruments together could determine the shear to rate dependence of the viscosity. The technique was first verified with fluids of known rheological properties. Then, silica sand with a X0% passing size of 65 I’m and ground coal with 80% passing size of 34 I’m were used to prepare slurries in distilled water. The apparent viscosity of each sample was measured with both the viscometers, and the results were then compared. The silica slurries had Newtonian flow behaviour at 570 wt% solids concentration. However, the coal slurries displayed Newtonian flow below 20 wt% and pseudoplastic flow behaviour ahove 20 wt%. solids. 97/00041 Mechanism of ignition of single coal particle: effect of heating rate on particle-size dependence of ignition temperature Katalambula, H. H. et ul., J. Chem. Eq. Jpn.. 1906, 2Y. (3). 523-530. This paper examines experimental work that has heen undertaken using a radiation method to ignite single coal particles and to study their ignition hehaviour. The results show that under these conditions. ignition temperature increases with particle size contrary to the widely reported trend of decreasing ignition temperature with increasing particle size. It was also found that ignition temperature increases with heating rate. When particles of different sizes are heated by the same power, smaller particles experience higher heating rates than larger ones. Ignition time increased with particle size. 97100042

Increased content 97100035 and coal deposits in lstria

of rheological

coal products

New approach to the characterization of pyrolysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Cappieilo, A. et al., J. Chromatogr.. A., 1996, 736 (l-2), 1X5-194. This paper presents a method for the characterization of coal thermal behaviour, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of the pyrolyzate. Twelve different coal samples, representative of the entire coal rank, were selected for this study. The pyrolysis products, obtained at XOO‘C were first collected and then analysed in two gas chromatographymass spectrometric systems. The sampling approach consisted of three different traps in order to separate the products into three fractions on the basis of their volatility. Some evaluations and comparisons, extrapolated from the results obtained, are presented.

mineralogy, Petrology, nites from Crete, Greece

97/00043

and

geochemistry

of lig-

Gentzis, T. et al.. lnt. J. Coal Geol., 1996, 30, (1-2). 131-150. Coal from the deposit of Plakia, in the island of Crete, was examined in order to determine the rank, maceral composition, and trace element geochemistry. The coal is of lignite to subbituminous B rank; some samples are rich in resinite. Mineral matter in the coals consists predominantly of silicate and sulfur-hearing minerals. Sulfur content in the coals ranges from 3.5% to 5.7%; approximately 4.X-33.6%’ of sulfur is volatilized at 120 C and a large percentage of total sulfur is volatilized at 1000°C This has an important implication for the use of the Plakia coals for power generation, because of the emission of sulfur dioxide compounds to the atmosphere. Fluidized hed combustion and flue gas desulphurization processes are recommended to achieve reduction in trace element and sulfur emissions, Potential problems of slagging and fouling are anticipated, based on the indexes (for example, the base-acid ratio) of the lignitic ash.

97lQQO44 Petrological, palynological and geochemical characteristics of Eureka Sound Group coals (Stenkul Fiord, southern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada) Kalkreuth, W. D. et al., Int. J. Conl Geol. 1996, 30. (I-?), 151-182. Late Paleocene-Early Eocene coal-bearing strata are widespread across the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. In the Iceberg Bay Formation. Eureka Sound Group, at Stenkul Fiord, Ellesmere Island, laterally continuous seams of substantial thickness are present. Sixty-four coal seams with a cumulative thickness of 53 m of coal occur in a 450 m sequence. This investigation of the composite section is based on the examination of 19 samples from seams thicker that 1 m and seven samples from marker seams used for correlation purposes. The coals consist predominantly of wood-derived huminite macerals (79-9X ~01%:). Structured huminitc macerals are dominant in the top part of the section and detrital components are abundant in the lower part. The liptinite fraction is dominated by sporinite and cutinite (l-9 vol%). lnertinite content is very low except at the hase of the section (O-14 WI%). The dominance of diterpanes and the abundance of Taxodiaceae and Pinaceae pollen suggest that most of the organic matter is of gymnospermous origin. Pinaceae pollen is abundant in the lower part of the section and Taxodiaceae is ahundant in the upper part. The abundance of angiosperm pollen in most of the section suggests, however, that angiospermous plants were significant members of the flora. The