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01677 Future coal-fired power station systems, efficiency and state of development from the point of view of research
07
DOE’s cial successes
97101673
Clean
Coal Technology
Program:
commer-
Watts. J. U. cr c/l. Proc. In/er.toc.. Enc<
97101674 Economic benefits process control in coal preparation
of automatic and blending
continuous
Hcrn, B. I+~c$. C&II.. IYYh, 52, (6). 24-31. (In Polish) This paper dihcusre\ the difficulties in keeping constant qualitative parameters of the coal preparation plant’s commercial products. This is demanded by the competitive market due to the variance of raw coal properties. This prohlem can he solved by the online automatic process control. The system of online automatic control of ash and moisture contents of the market products (clean coals and raw coal blends) is described. Technical and economic comparisons of the automatic and manual procr\s control are given.
Economics
97101675
of
coal
combustion
residue
transportation Sevim, H. and Gwamaka, S. f’mc. Anrrrr. Irrt. Pittvhtrr@ Coal Cor!f:. lYY5. 12. 298-304. This paper explains the work of a group of researchers at the Southern Illinois University. who arc engaged in a research project whereby and economic fcasihility of coal combustion technical, environmental. residue disposal into old underground coal mines is being investigated. Safe and economic transportation of residues from power plants to mine sites is an important segment of this project and a numher of transportation alternative\ have been examined. Each alternative is evaluated for varying distances and tonnages to reveal its best operating range.
97101676
Economics
of coal fines utilization
Hathi. V. ef al. Coo/ /%es: Unclainred Fuel. /Annu. Tech. Cortf,/, 20th. S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology 1995, l4Y-IhO. Edited hy Serkin. Association. Washington, DC. For the purpose of examining the economics of recovery and utilization of waste coal fines a hypothetical circuit was designed. The circuit recovers products from I00 t/h of coal waste feed recovering 70 t/h of fine coal that can he used in coal-fired boilers. The present analysis indicates that the coal waste recovery is feasible and economical. Significant environmental henefity can also he expected.
Future coal-fired power station systems, efficiency 97101677 and state of development from the point of view of research R. cr ul. VC;B Krafrwerkstrch., 1996, 76, (6). 441-448. (In Pru\chek. German) The state and development of conventional and novel coal-fired power stations are reviewed, including combined-cycle power generation with integrated coal gasification (IGCC) and measures for increasing efficiency and analyses of their impact on the overall process. The possibilities for improvements include the introduction of hot gas cleaning process in place of wet gas washing, increasing the gas turbine inlet temperature, and optimizing the steam power process. The possibilities for reduction of costs on IGCC power stations are also indicated. 97101676
generation
The future technologies
for
steam
cycle
clean
coal
power
Billingsley, J. IMrc,hE Senzir~.. 1046. (3, Energy for the 2lst Century), lIX. The commercial application of clean coal techniques for power generation is essential for the future of coal. This study shows that burning coal cleanly need not require a change to a totally- new technology. bne recently commissioned pulverized fuel (PF) steam plant, which is fitted with flue gas desulfurization and NO, reduction equipment. exhibits an efficiency exceeding 45%. It meets stringent environmental legislation and has attained an availability in excess of 90%. World-wide surveys of the power industry have revealed that PF technology will he chosen for the bulk of new coal-fired stations.
97101679 reserves
In the reclamation
and treatment
of fine coal reject
Henry. C. D. er ul. Coo/ Frno: U,rcl~inred Ftrel. /Anr~rr. T&t. Conf./, 2&h, S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology 199.5. 161-172. Edited by Serkin, Association. Washington, DC. The techniques and products with economic advantages to operate on a long term basis in coal fines recovery are discussed.
97lQl680
Indian Aluminum-New
project
Chowdhuri, S. J Mitws, Met. Fttels 1995, 43, (12). 404-407, 427 The author reviews the INDAL way of mining, overburden management, siltation management, dust management, hauxite transport scheme, Utkal alumina project. alumina refinery and the coal and smelter project.
Solid
fuels
(economics,
business,
97101681 Industrial use of technologies able to the cleaning of slurry pond fines
marketing,
potentially
policy)
applic-
Coal Finrst Ur?cluinled Fwl, /A~III~. Tech. Conf:/. Schimmoller. B. K. et al. 20th 1995, 77-X’). Edited by Serkin, S. D., Coal & Slurry Technology Association: Washington. DC. The status of development and commercial application of fine-coal processing technologies is discussed in this rev&.
97101682
Least cost surface
coal mining
Devon. J. and Ewart Jr., D. L. Trans. Sk. M/u.. Metal/., Etpkr. 1095. (Pub. lY96). 2YX. 85-8XiSection I. When making plans for long-term coal mining, they are often baaed on the attainment of an average cost of coal. This is achieved hy blending low- and high-cost coal production. Long-term contracts should therefore be least cost based and generate the best net present value from the economic reserve within the context of a rational mine plan. The selected economic reserve should he mined on a low-to high-cost ha\is to benefit from the time value of money.
97101683
Lignite
in North Dakota
Porter, C. R. Proc. Artn~~. Irlt. Pittshurgl~ Corrl (‘WI/. IYY5, II. 14.5-150. The Lignite Research, Development. and Marketing Program. which is a partnership between the lignite industry and the State of North Dakota to promote and enhance the lignite production and processing industries of the state. is discussed in this review.
97101684 BioBinder
Low-cost process
coal
fines
reconstitution
using
the
Woodworth, R. et al. Cm/ Fitws: Un&umed Fur/, /Answer. TK~. C‘ouf./, Xth, lY9S, 1X1-191. Edited by Serkin, S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology Association. Washington, DC. When blended with the coarse coal product. coal fines can cause handling. storage and transportation problems. This reduces their value as a fuel source. Problematic coal fines can be formed into pellets, that have much improved handling, storage and transport properties. Recent efforts have shown that cleaned coal fines can he successfully pelletized using corn starch, lignosulfonate. Shur Bond, and lignocellulo\ic hinders. However. the use of binders significantly increases the cost of the fuel and limits the market for coal fines. To reduce the cost of coal fines reconstitution, Altex has developed the BioBinder process. The tests showed that the BioBinder process can produce robust coal/sludge pellets with good handling. weatherability and combustion characteristics. A conservative economic analysis showed that the BioBinder pellets iare 28’4 lower in cost than the parent coal, with the processing costs heing totally off-\et hy the sludge tipping fee.
Modeling, optimization and sensitivity 97101685 the final pit limits for a lignite deposit
analysis
of
lYY5. (Pub. Mastoris. J. and Topuz, E. Trcrn.\. Sot. rnirl., A4cvnll.. &p/or.. 1996). 298. I027-1032/Section I. The difficulty in defining the optimum final ltmits of an open-pit mine lies mainly in the great number of variables involved and from the sheer computational effort required in real-life applications. An actual lignite deposit is used in this study to introduce and apply a new methodology that can he used as a basis for surface-mine design optimization. A geologicalreserves model of the deposit is first developed with the u\e of an integrated geostatistical-modelling package. The model is then transformed into an economic one. The final open-pit limit< are then optimized using a competent commercial optimizer, and comparative-sensitivity analyses are performed to study the effect of some basic mining and economic parameters on the optimal pit design. The conclusions drawn can develop useful guidelines for decision making hy the mine operator.
97101686 Near-surface with coal mining
joint
systems
and
their
interaction
Unrug, K. F. and DeRossett, C. Tru~turlv.So,,. .Zltrl.. Mern/[.. EL/~/or.. I YY5, (Pub. 1996) 298, 181&182O/Section 2. In the vicinity of outcrops, sedimentary rock fractures are a common occurrence. Mine highwalls and highway cuts provide excellent views of these near-surface joint systems. This paper explains the origin. characterization, distribution and extent of these joint systems with reference to the lithol. composition of the rocks. The practical implications of these joint systems on the operation of a mine are described. Some design procedures are recommended to minimize the problems encountered within mining areas having intense joint cystem?.
97101687 Operation, investigation and technical and economic indexes of centralized systems for coal pulverization in thermal power plants Vtyurin, Y. N. E/e!&. Sm., 1996. (7), 34.-41. (In Russian) A review with I I references of centralized systems for coal pulverization in power plants.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
drying
May 1997
and
141
DOE’s cial successes
97101673
Clean
Coal Technology
Program:
commer-
Watts. J. U. cr c/l. Proc. In/er.toc.. Enc<
97101674 Economic benefits process control in coal preparation
of automatic and blending
continuous
Hcrn, B. I+~c$. C&II.. IYYh, 52, (6). 24-31. (In Polish) This paper dihcusre\ the difficulties in keeping constant qualitative parameters of the coal preparation plant’s commercial products. This is demanded by the competitive market due to the variance of raw coal properties. This prohlem can he solved by the online automatic process control. The system of online automatic control of ash and moisture contents of the market products (clean coals and raw coal blends) is described. Technical and economic comparisons of the automatic and manual procr\s control are given.
Economics
97101675
of
coal
combustion
residue
transportation Sevim, H. and Gwamaka, S. f’mc. Anrrrr. Irrt. Pittvhtrr@ Coal Cor!f:. lYY5. 12. 298-304. This paper explains the work of a group of researchers at the Southern Illinois University. who arc engaged in a research project whereby and economic fcasihility of coal combustion technical, environmental. residue disposal into old underground coal mines is being investigated. Safe and economic transportation of residues from power plants to mine sites is an important segment of this project and a numher of transportation alternative\ have been examined. Each alternative is evaluated for varying distances and tonnages to reveal its best operating range.
97101676
Economics
of coal fines utilization
Hathi. V. ef al. Coo/ /%es: Unclainred Fuel. /Annu. Tech. Cortf,/, 20th. S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology 1995, l4Y-IhO. Edited hy Serkin. Association. Washington, DC. For the purpose of examining the economics of recovery and utilization of waste coal fines a hypothetical circuit was designed. The circuit recovers products from I00 t/h of coal waste feed recovering 70 t/h of fine coal that can he used in coal-fired boilers. The present analysis indicates that the coal waste recovery is feasible and economical. Significant environmental henefity can also he expected.
Future coal-fired power station systems, efficiency 97101677 and state of development from the point of view of research R. cr ul. VC;B Krafrwerkstrch., 1996, 76, (6). 441-448. (In Pru\chek. German) The state and development of conventional and novel coal-fired power stations are reviewed, including combined-cycle power generation with integrated coal gasification (IGCC) and measures for increasing efficiency and analyses of their impact on the overall process. The possibilities for improvements include the introduction of hot gas cleaning process in place of wet gas washing, increasing the gas turbine inlet temperature, and optimizing the steam power process. The possibilities for reduction of costs on IGCC power stations are also indicated. 97101676
generation
The future technologies
for
steam
cycle
clean
coal
power
Billingsley, J. IMrc,hE Senzir~.. 1046. (3, Energy for the 2lst Century), lIX. The commercial application of clean coal techniques for power generation is essential for the future of coal. This study shows that burning coal cleanly need not require a change to a totally- new technology. bne recently commissioned pulverized fuel (PF) steam plant, which is fitted with flue gas desulfurization and NO, reduction equipment. exhibits an efficiency exceeding 45%. It meets stringent environmental legislation and has attained an availability in excess of 90%. World-wide surveys of the power industry have revealed that PF technology will he chosen for the bulk of new coal-fired stations.
97101679 reserves
In the reclamation
and treatment
of fine coal reject
Henry. C. D. er ul. Coo/ Frno: U,rcl~inred Ftrel. /Anr~rr. T&t. Conf./, 2&h, S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology 199.5. 161-172. Edited by Serkin, Association. Washington, DC. The techniques and products with economic advantages to operate on a long term basis in coal fines recovery are discussed.
97lQl680
Indian Aluminum-New
project
Chowdhuri, S. J Mitws, Met. Fttels 1995, 43, (12). 404-407, 427 The author reviews the INDAL way of mining, overburden management, siltation management, dust management, hauxite transport scheme, Utkal alumina project. alumina refinery and the coal and smelter project.
Solid
fuels
(economics,
business,
97101681 Industrial use of technologies able to the cleaning of slurry pond fines
marketing,
potentially
policy)
applic-
Coal Finrst Ur?cluinled Fwl, /A~III~. Tech. Conf:/. Schimmoller. B. K. et al. 20th 1995, 77-X’). Edited by Serkin, S. D., Coal & Slurry Technology Association: Washington. DC. The status of development and commercial application of fine-coal processing technologies is discussed in this rev&.
97101682
Least cost surface
coal mining
Devon. J. and Ewart Jr., D. L. Trans. Sk. M/u.. Metal/., Etpkr. 1095. (Pub. lY96). 2YX. 85-8XiSection I. When making plans for long-term coal mining, they are often baaed on the attainment of an average cost of coal. This is achieved hy blending low- and high-cost coal production. Long-term contracts should therefore be least cost based and generate the best net present value from the economic reserve within the context of a rational mine plan. The selected economic reserve should he mined on a low-to high-cost ha\is to benefit from the time value of money.
97101683
Lignite
in North Dakota
Porter, C. R. Proc. Artn~~. Irlt. Pittshurgl~ Corrl (‘WI/. IYY5, II. 14.5-150. The Lignite Research, Development. and Marketing Program. which is a partnership between the lignite industry and the State of North Dakota to promote and enhance the lignite production and processing industries of the state. is discussed in this review.
97101684 BioBinder
Low-cost process
coal
fines
reconstitution
using
the
Woodworth, R. et al. Cm/ Fitws: Un&umed Fur/, /Answer. TK~. C‘ouf./, Xth, lY9S, 1X1-191. Edited by Serkin, S. D. Coal & Slurry Technology Association. Washington, DC. When blended with the coarse coal product. coal fines can cause handling. storage and transportation problems. This reduces their value as a fuel source. Problematic coal fines can be formed into pellets, that have much improved handling, storage and transport properties. Recent efforts have shown that cleaned coal fines can he successfully pelletized using corn starch, lignosulfonate. Shur Bond, and lignocellulo\ic hinders. However. the use of binders significantly increases the cost of the fuel and limits the market for coal fines. To reduce the cost of coal fines reconstitution, Altex has developed the BioBinder process. The tests showed that the BioBinder process can produce robust coal/sludge pellets with good handling. weatherability and combustion characteristics. A conservative economic analysis showed that the BioBinder pellets iare 28’4 lower in cost than the parent coal, with the processing costs heing totally off-\et hy the sludge tipping fee.
Modeling, optimization and sensitivity 97101685 the final pit limits for a lignite deposit
analysis
of
lYY5. (Pub. Mastoris. J. and Topuz, E. Trcrn.\. Sot. rnirl., A4cvnll.. &p/or.. 1996). 298. I027-1032/Section I. The difficulty in defining the optimum final ltmits of an open-pit mine lies mainly in the great number of variables involved and from the sheer computational effort required in real-life applications. An actual lignite deposit is used in this study to introduce and apply a new methodology that can he used as a basis for surface-mine design optimization. A geologicalreserves model of the deposit is first developed with the u\e of an integrated geostatistical-modelling package. The model is then transformed into an economic one. The final open-pit limit< are then optimized using a competent commercial optimizer, and comparative-sensitivity analyses are performed to study the effect of some basic mining and economic parameters on the optimal pit design. The conclusions drawn can develop useful guidelines for decision making hy the mine operator.
97101686 Near-surface with coal mining
joint
systems
and
their
interaction
Unrug, K. F. and DeRossett, C. Tru~turlv.So,,. .Zltrl.. Mern/[.. EL/~/or.. I YY5, (Pub. 1996) 298, 181&182O/Section 2. In the vicinity of outcrops, sedimentary rock fractures are a common occurrence. Mine highwalls and highway cuts provide excellent views of these near-surface joint systems. This paper explains the origin. characterization, distribution and extent of these joint systems with reference to the lithol. composition of the rocks. The practical implications of these joint systems on the operation of a mine are described. Some design procedures are recommended to minimize the problems encountered within mining areas having intense joint cystem?.
97101687 Operation, investigation and technical and economic indexes of centralized systems for coal pulverization in thermal power plants Vtyurin, Y. N. E/e!&. Sm., 1996. (7), 34.-41. (In Russian) A review with I I references of centralized systems for coal pulverization in power plants.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
drying
May 1997
and
141