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03345 High temperature oxidation and high temperature corrosion of metallic materials. II. High temperature corrosion
76
Fuel science and technology (fundamental
data obtained indicate that mixtures of PAHs can exhibit a variety of mutagenic interactions controlled by both the metabolism of the PAHs and by their concentration in the mixture.
97103345 High temperature oxidation and high temperature corrosion of metallic materials. II. High temperature corrosion Harada, Y. Yosha, 1996, 33, (3), 194-199. (In Japanese) The thermodynamic characteristics of molten salt corrosion, the hightemperature corrosion related chemical components, and fossil fuel combustion conditions and gas constituents are investigated.
97/03346 Hydrotreatment of coal-derived naphtha. Properties of zeolite-supported Flu sulfide catalysts Liaw. S. PI ul. Appl. Catal.. A, 1997. 151, (2). 423-435. Preparation of a Ru/NaY-zeolite catalyst was followed by the hydrotreatment of Illinois No. 6 coal-derived naphtha. This catalyst exhibited significant hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activities. Furthermore, the nitrogen compounds converted as easily as sulfur compounds, in contrast to most of the hydrotreatment catalysts. A comparison on the basis of nitrogen converted per g of active metal or on the cost of the catalyst indicated that for HDN, the RuiNa zeolite was superior to a Ru/AIZOq, a commercial Co-Mo/AlzOl, or a Ni-Mo/AlzOi catalyst.
Improved algorithms for estimating the effects of 97103347 pollution impacts from area and open pit sources Petersen, W. B. and Perry, S. G. NATO Challenges Mod. Sot., 1996, 21, (Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XI), 379-388. An open-pit algorithm was developed to address requirements of Title II, Part B, Section 234 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which provides for a re-examination of current USEPA methods to model fugitive particulate (PM,,,) emissions from open-pit surface coal mines. Pit depth and dimensions, the height of emissions above the pit floor, and wind direction are used in the algorithms to estimate the fraction of particulate leaving the pit (escape fraction), and calculate the sub-area dimensions. The integrated area-source algorithm was used to model emissions from this sub-area. Initial vertical dispersion due to turbulence in the pit was also considered.
science, analysis, instrumentation)
97103352 Method for recovery of metal values from combustion residues of fossil fuels Tsukagoshi, K. and Sugawara, M. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08.311.574 [96,311,574] (Cl. C22B23/00), 26 Nov 1996, Appl. 951138,696. 12 May 1995. 7 pp. (In Japanese) The residue is baked with (NH4)2S04 and optionally MgSO, at S20-800°C. leached with water to obtain a V oxide-containing residue and a solution containing NiSO, (and MgSO+,), and Ni is recovered as hydroxide by precipitation. 97103353 Methodology and evaluation of priorities for energy and environmental research projects Kagazyo, T. er al. Energy Int. J., February/March 1997, 22. (213). 121-129. Resource and social aspects must be included with technological issues to evaluate and prioritize energy-related projects. An analytic hierarchic process incorporating these two features is used. Technological issues arc divided into three categories, resource and social aspects are divided into five categories. Each category is further subdivided forming a tree-like hierarchy. The paper uses 19 energy-related characteristics and seven environmental characteristics to describe proposed research report. By utilizing the estimated relative importance of each selected characteristic, seven different planning perspectives are derived.
97103354 Methylamine oxidation in a flow reactor: mechanism and modeling Kantak, M. V. et al. Combustion crud Flame, 1997. 108. (3), 235-265. An investigation into the high-temperature oxidation chemistry of methylamine (CH3NHZ) by elucidating the major reaction paths under flow reactor conditions. A comprehensive detailed chemical-kinetic mechanism is proposed, which is comprised of 350 elementary reactions and 65 reactive species. A set of pyrolysis and oxidation reactions of CH?NH2, combined with the literature H-C-O-N reaction chemistry. constitute the proposed mechanism. Model predictions and experimental data obtained good agreement regarding fuel-to-oxygen equivalence ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1.7, for 600-1400 K temperature range, and for subatmospheric (0.01 atm) as well as for atmospheric flow conditions. A reaction path analysis was conducted using the integral averaged reaction rates, and the major reaction pathways were identified. A first-order sensitivity analysis for species CR3NH2, NO, and RCN was performed and a comparison of the results are with the reaction-path analysis was conducted.
Long-term filtration behavior of nonwoven geotex97103348 tiles with fly ash Akram, M. H. Geosynth. ‘95 Conf Proc., 1995, 3, 1195-1206. Long-term filtration behaviour of non-woven seotextiles with fly ash was studied. Tests were conducted according to ASTM D 5101-90. Comparing filtration behaviour of samples prepared using dry vs slurry methods showed that slight density changes and moulding water content greatly affected system filtration performance. Under a hydraulic gradient of 25, geotextile filtration behaviour was controlled by fly ash-geotextile system. Gradient ratio testing and high hydraulic gradient testing comparisons exhibited similarities in flow regimes for all geotextiles at different stages of testing.
97103355 Multiobjective linear model for pre-feasibility design of cogeneration systems Balestieri, J. A. P. and Correia P. D. B. Energ Itrt. .I.. May 1997. 22. (S), 537-548. Several methods proposed for economic and technical evaluations of cogeneration projects are reviewed in this paper. The design philosophy applied to thermal power plants is discussed, leading to the decision problem of a conflicting, multiobjective formulation that includes the most important parameters. The model is formulated to help decision makers and designers to choose compromise values for included parameters. A number of illustrative algorithms are presented.
Manufacture of powders with homogeneous grain 97103349 size for electroviscous fluids Sakurai, M. and Saito, T. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP O&325,590 [96,325,590] (Cl. C10M177100), 10 Dee 1996, JP Appl. 95166,435, 24 Mar 1995, 6 pp. (In Japanese) Carbonaceous powders are carbonized in an inert atmospheric in this process. The resulting powders are pulverized and classified to give powders with homogeneous grain size. The homogeneous powders are then recarbonized in the atmospheric The powders obtained by this lowcost process have homogeneous electrical conduction.
97103356 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone as a mobile phase in the size-exclusion chromatography of coal derivatives Johnson, B. R. et al. J. Chromarogr., A, 1997, 758, (I). 6.5-74. The paper details the use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) as the mobile phase in size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) of coal processing products. This was examined with regard to separation and detection of eluting material. A coal-tar pitch, a hydrogen-donor solvent extract from a liquefaction pilot plant using Point of Ayr (UK) coal, and liquefaction products from blends of Point of Ayr coal and Crumlin (UK) lignite were among those examined. The advantages include enhanced solubility of the coal-derived material in NMP, and compatibility with UV absorption and UV fluorescence detectors.
Mechanistic modelling of 9-methylanthracene 97/03350 thermolysis Virk, P. S. and Vlastnik, V. J. Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Sm., Div. Fuel Chem., 1997, 42, (l), 79-83. This mechanism mimics same chemical moieties found in fossil fuels.
Method and apparatus for thermal treatment of 97103351 nongaseous material in rotating conical chamber placed in housing Wagenaar, B. M. et al. PCT Int. Appl. WO 97 06,886 (Cl. BOlJ19/18), 27 Fek1997, NL Appl. 1011,006, 18 A;g 1995, 12 pp. The paper describes the method for thermal treatment of non-gaseous material in a rotating conical chamber placed inhousing in detail. The material brought into the rotating chamber and ejected due to the conical shape, is returned to the chamber for further thermal treatment, without leaving the housing. The thermal efficiency is increased. Two installations for putting the method into practice are given. The thermal treatment may entail cooling or heating. The invention is especially suitable for ultrafast drying of liquids or slurries, production of microcrystals, the calcination of solid matter and the quick pyrolysis of coal or biomass.
97103357 The Novacon process: a new class of in-furnace sorbent technology Baer, S. H. and Luftglass, B. K. Proc. Amu. Inr. Pitrsblrr& Coul Cotif:, 1996, 13, (2). 1412-1417. Thermally active marbles, while chemically similar to conventional limestone, provide significantly better SO, reduction performance in the major classes of coal-fired boilers and have other beneficial effects on emission, boiler operating characteristics and ash properties.
97103358 Opportunity for cogeneration Manning, K. ASHRAE J., October 1996, 38, (IO), 57-59. A cogeneration system providing a substantial portion of the electricity and steam requirements for the 264-bed Lethbridge hospital, Alberta, Canada, uses a natural gas fired system for cogeneration. It comprises heat recovery steam generators, induction generation from the breakdown of high refrigeration to pressure steam to low pressure steam, and absorption provide summer load for low pressure steam. Over a l?-month period, savings totalling $700,000, with a payback period of two years, were obtained.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1997
271
Fuel science and technology (fundamental
data obtained indicate that mixtures of PAHs can exhibit a variety of mutagenic interactions controlled by both the metabolism of the PAHs and by their concentration in the mixture.
97103345 High temperature oxidation and high temperature corrosion of metallic materials. II. High temperature corrosion Harada, Y. Yosha, 1996, 33, (3), 194-199. (In Japanese) The thermodynamic characteristics of molten salt corrosion, the hightemperature corrosion related chemical components, and fossil fuel combustion conditions and gas constituents are investigated.
97/03346 Hydrotreatment of coal-derived naphtha. Properties of zeolite-supported Flu sulfide catalysts Liaw. S. PI ul. Appl. Catal.. A, 1997. 151, (2). 423-435. Preparation of a Ru/NaY-zeolite catalyst was followed by the hydrotreatment of Illinois No. 6 coal-derived naphtha. This catalyst exhibited significant hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activities. Furthermore, the nitrogen compounds converted as easily as sulfur compounds, in contrast to most of the hydrotreatment catalysts. A comparison on the basis of nitrogen converted per g of active metal or on the cost of the catalyst indicated that for HDN, the RuiNa zeolite was superior to a Ru/AIZOq, a commercial Co-Mo/AlzOl, or a Ni-Mo/AlzOi catalyst.
Improved algorithms for estimating the effects of 97103347 pollution impacts from area and open pit sources Petersen, W. B. and Perry, S. G. NATO Challenges Mod. Sot., 1996, 21, (Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XI), 379-388. An open-pit algorithm was developed to address requirements of Title II, Part B, Section 234 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which provides for a re-examination of current USEPA methods to model fugitive particulate (PM,,,) emissions from open-pit surface coal mines. Pit depth and dimensions, the height of emissions above the pit floor, and wind direction are used in the algorithms to estimate the fraction of particulate leaving the pit (escape fraction), and calculate the sub-area dimensions. The integrated area-source algorithm was used to model emissions from this sub-area. Initial vertical dispersion due to turbulence in the pit was also considered.
science, analysis, instrumentation)
97103352 Method for recovery of metal values from combustion residues of fossil fuels Tsukagoshi, K. and Sugawara, M. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08.311.574 [96,311,574] (Cl. C22B23/00), 26 Nov 1996, Appl. 951138,696. 12 May 1995. 7 pp. (In Japanese) The residue is baked with (NH4)2S04 and optionally MgSO, at S20-800°C. leached with water to obtain a V oxide-containing residue and a solution containing NiSO, (and MgSO+,), and Ni is recovered as hydroxide by precipitation. 97103353 Methodology and evaluation of priorities for energy and environmental research projects Kagazyo, T. er al. Energy Int. J., February/March 1997, 22. (213). 121-129. Resource and social aspects must be included with technological issues to evaluate and prioritize energy-related projects. An analytic hierarchic process incorporating these two features is used. Technological issues arc divided into three categories, resource and social aspects are divided into five categories. Each category is further subdivided forming a tree-like hierarchy. The paper uses 19 energy-related characteristics and seven environmental characteristics to describe proposed research report. By utilizing the estimated relative importance of each selected characteristic, seven different planning perspectives are derived.
97103354 Methylamine oxidation in a flow reactor: mechanism and modeling Kantak, M. V. et al. Combustion crud Flame, 1997. 108. (3), 235-265. An investigation into the high-temperature oxidation chemistry of methylamine (CH3NHZ) by elucidating the major reaction paths under flow reactor conditions. A comprehensive detailed chemical-kinetic mechanism is proposed, which is comprised of 350 elementary reactions and 65 reactive species. A set of pyrolysis and oxidation reactions of CH?NH2, combined with the literature H-C-O-N reaction chemistry. constitute the proposed mechanism. Model predictions and experimental data obtained good agreement regarding fuel-to-oxygen equivalence ratios ranging from 0.1 to 1.7, for 600-1400 K temperature range, and for subatmospheric (0.01 atm) as well as for atmospheric flow conditions. A reaction path analysis was conducted using the integral averaged reaction rates, and the major reaction pathways were identified. A first-order sensitivity analysis for species CR3NH2, NO, and RCN was performed and a comparison of the results are with the reaction-path analysis was conducted.
Long-term filtration behavior of nonwoven geotex97103348 tiles with fly ash Akram, M. H. Geosynth. ‘95 Conf Proc., 1995, 3, 1195-1206. Long-term filtration behaviour of non-woven seotextiles with fly ash was studied. Tests were conducted according to ASTM D 5101-90. Comparing filtration behaviour of samples prepared using dry vs slurry methods showed that slight density changes and moulding water content greatly affected system filtration performance. Under a hydraulic gradient of 25, geotextile filtration behaviour was controlled by fly ash-geotextile system. Gradient ratio testing and high hydraulic gradient testing comparisons exhibited similarities in flow regimes for all geotextiles at different stages of testing.
97103355 Multiobjective linear model for pre-feasibility design of cogeneration systems Balestieri, J. A. P. and Correia P. D. B. Energ Itrt. .I.. May 1997. 22. (S), 537-548. Several methods proposed for economic and technical evaluations of cogeneration projects are reviewed in this paper. The design philosophy applied to thermal power plants is discussed, leading to the decision problem of a conflicting, multiobjective formulation that includes the most important parameters. The model is formulated to help decision makers and designers to choose compromise values for included parameters. A number of illustrative algorithms are presented.
Manufacture of powders with homogeneous grain 97103349 size for electroviscous fluids Sakurai, M. and Saito, T. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP O&325,590 [96,325,590] (Cl. C10M177100), 10 Dee 1996, JP Appl. 95166,435, 24 Mar 1995, 6 pp. (In Japanese) Carbonaceous powders are carbonized in an inert atmospheric in this process. The resulting powders are pulverized and classified to give powders with homogeneous grain size. The homogeneous powders are then recarbonized in the atmospheric The powders obtained by this lowcost process have homogeneous electrical conduction.
97103356 N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone as a mobile phase in the size-exclusion chromatography of coal derivatives Johnson, B. R. et al. J. Chromarogr., A, 1997, 758, (I). 6.5-74. The paper details the use of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) as the mobile phase in size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) of coal processing products. This was examined with regard to separation and detection of eluting material. A coal-tar pitch, a hydrogen-donor solvent extract from a liquefaction pilot plant using Point of Ayr (UK) coal, and liquefaction products from blends of Point of Ayr coal and Crumlin (UK) lignite were among those examined. The advantages include enhanced solubility of the coal-derived material in NMP, and compatibility with UV absorption and UV fluorescence detectors.
Mechanistic modelling of 9-methylanthracene 97/03350 thermolysis Virk, P. S. and Vlastnik, V. J. Prepr. Pap. Am. Chem. Sm., Div. Fuel Chem., 1997, 42, (l), 79-83. This mechanism mimics same chemical moieties found in fossil fuels.
Method and apparatus for thermal treatment of 97103351 nongaseous material in rotating conical chamber placed in housing Wagenaar, B. M. et al. PCT Int. Appl. WO 97 06,886 (Cl. BOlJ19/18), 27 Fek1997, NL Appl. 1011,006, 18 A;g 1995, 12 pp. The paper describes the method for thermal treatment of non-gaseous material in a rotating conical chamber placed inhousing in detail. The material brought into the rotating chamber and ejected due to the conical shape, is returned to the chamber for further thermal treatment, without leaving the housing. The thermal efficiency is increased. Two installations for putting the method into practice are given. The thermal treatment may entail cooling or heating. The invention is especially suitable for ultrafast drying of liquids or slurries, production of microcrystals, the calcination of solid matter and the quick pyrolysis of coal or biomass.
97103357 The Novacon process: a new class of in-furnace sorbent technology Baer, S. H. and Luftglass, B. K. Proc. Amu. Inr. Pitrsblrr& Coul Cotif:, 1996, 13, (2). 1412-1417. Thermally active marbles, while chemically similar to conventional limestone, provide significantly better SO, reduction performance in the major classes of coal-fired boilers and have other beneficial effects on emission, boiler operating characteristics and ash properties.
97103358 Opportunity for cogeneration Manning, K. ASHRAE J., October 1996, 38, (IO), 57-59. A cogeneration system providing a substantial portion of the electricity and steam requirements for the 264-bed Lethbridge hospital, Alberta, Canada, uses a natural gas fired system for cogeneration. It comprises heat recovery steam generators, induction generation from the breakdown of high refrigeration to pressure steam to low pressure steam, and absorption provide summer load for low pressure steam. Over a l?-month period, savings totalling $700,000, with a payback period of two years, were obtained.
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
July 1997
271