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00089 Use of coke tar for spherical agglomeration of coal
07
Solid fuels (preparation)
Preparation of salty coals with oil-agglomeration 98/00076 technoloav Biletskyi, T: S. ef al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume l), 535-538. A combined demineralization-agglomeration two-stage process for salty coal is introduced for increasing quality and yield of coal concentrates. The salt was dissoluted and removed by coal treatment with 0.1-0.3 mass% oil. After demineralization 3-20 mass% of oil was added to the coal hydromixture The resulting coal concentrate has ash content of 6-lo%, moisture content of lo-12%, and salt content ~0.4% per dry mass. Pretreatment method of coal for manufacture of 98iooo77 coke Shimakawa, Y. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,241,655 (97,241,655] (Cl. ClOBS7/10), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96184,816, 12 Mar 1996, 8 pp. (In Japanese) A coking coal pre-treatment method for dust formation prevention during the loading of coal to the coke oven is described. It entails drying the coal to 2-6 wt% water content, air classifying the coal to a fine particle group and a coarse particle group containing ~95 wt% >lOO pm coarse particles and >80 wt% 2300 pm coarse particles. The fine particle group is granulated to pseudoparticles, and the mixture of treated coarse particles and pseudoparticles are subsequently loaded into the coke oven. Radiation pretreatment of low-rank coals for further 98100078 bioconversion Gazso, L. C. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9704, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 3), 1587-1590. Radiation treatment of lignite and sub-bituminous coal in the dose range of 25-100 kGy was found to increase their solubility. The radiation breakdown of coal can be enhanced by N20, which can convert hydrated electrons into hydroxy radicals which are very strong oxidizing species. Analysis measurements are underway concerning the exact characterization of chemicals produced during irradiation. It is suggested that radiation processing of low-rank coals could contribute to the further development of bioconversion. Reactivities of acid and/or tetralin pretreated 98lOOO79 Wandoan coal for a curie point flash pyrolysis Kishino, M. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996,33,201204. (In Japanese) Acid solution and/or tetralin was used in the pre-treatment of the Australian sub-bituminous Wandoan coal. The reactivity of flash pyrolysis of these coals was investigated. The decrease of the char amounts were confirmed for the coals. In the simple image analysis of the char, the increase of large pores was certified for acid pre-treated char. The progressive plasticity of the pre-treated coal is attributable to its increasing large pores. 98100080
Reagent effects on coal fines flotation Bhaumik, S. K. et al. Fuel Sci. Technol., 1995, 14, (3-4), 69-75 The effect of the concentration of collector and frothers on the recovery of coal fines by flotation has been experimentally investigated. Studies on coal fines fractions below 0.5 mm, obtained from four coal washeries treating different coking coals with diesel oil, the collector, and pine oil, Me iso-Bu carbinol (MIBC) and cresylic acid as frothers. The relation between the flotation efficiency defined as the ratio of recovery of combustibles actually obtained to the maximum recovery predicted from the sink float data for a product having the same ash and the reagent concentrations has been established. The mathematical constants involved in an empirical relation have been arrived at for one of the samples studied. Solubillzation of lignite during oxydesulfurization 98100081 in alkaline solutions Yaman, S. and Kucukbayrak, S. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 1). 289-292. Alkali solutions are usually used as the medium for some desulfurization processes such as oxydesulfurization, in which dissolved 0 is attached to coal particles. Therefore, in addition to sulfur removal, some solubilization of the coal matrix takes place. Three different Turkish lignite samples were subjected to various oxydesulfurization processes in which dilute solutions of NaCH, Na2C02, NH40H, or Na2B407 containing dissolved 0 under pressure were applied. The experiments were performed in a magnetically stirred and electrically heated Parr autoclave. The type and concentration of the alkali used, the applied temperature, and the rank of the lignite sample used determined the extent of the solubilization. Structural changes in deashed coals induced by 98lOOO82 heat treatment Sugano, M. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 269272. (In Japanese) The structural changes of three coals of different rank were investigated the volumetric swelling ratios using from the pyridine extractabilities, MeOH or benzene solvents, and the amounts of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups derived from heat-treatment at ~473 K in Nz, The paper also discusses the structural changes in deashed coals induced by heat treatment.
8
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1998
Structural changes induced by thermal treatment of 98/00083 deashed coals Sugano, M. et al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 1). 273-276 Three coals of different rank and those de-ashed coals were thermally treated below 473 Kin a nitrogen atmosphere. The structural changes in the treated coals were investigated from the yield of pyridine soluble (PS), the volumetric swelling ratios using methanol (MQ), and the contents of Ocontaining functional groups. During the thermal treatments, the values of H/C, O/C, PS and MQ in the lower rank coals decreased gradually because of the development of cross-linking among the functional groups. For higher rank coal having a small content of O-containing groups, the variations of H/C, O/C, and MQ values were negligible. 98iooo84 Sulphur distribution in Illinois No. 6 coal subjected to different oxidation pre-treatments Van Aelst, J. er al. Fuel, 1997, 76, (14/15), 1377-1381. Atmospheric Pressure-Temperature Programmed Reduction (AP-TPR) was used to study the effect of different oxidation pre-treatments on the sulphur distribution in Illinois No. 6 coal (IBC-101). Oxidation pretreatments were carried out on demineralized coal with peroxyacetic acid (PAA) as a function of reaction time. For the longest reaction time the effect of PAA on the coal was compared to the effect of several other oxidants. AP-TPR results also show a clear effect of LiAIH4 on the coal. Not only is pyrite removed, but there is also a decrease in other sulphur forms. Subsequent PAA oxidation causes an overall decrease of the APTPR signal, signifying the attack on organic as well as inorganic sulphur forms. Under the same conditions, other oxidants produce only minor differences after different treatments. 98100085 Technology for beneficiation of large-grain coal slurry Khaidakin, V. I. Ugol’ Ukr., 1995, (ll), 41-42. (In Russian) Between 30-70 tons/h coal with particle size O-6 mm are washed by an installation in two stages using hydrocyclones. Concentrate of 80-950/n is produced containing lo-15% ash and tailings containing 60-70% ash. 98100086 Thermal coal desulfurization Zbraniborski, 0. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (9), 347351. (In Polish) The partial gasification of coal fines in the presence of dolomite or limestone is followed with the subsequent separation of the spent sorbent and combustion of obtained gas and solid residue in a boiler. The removal of the used calcium-containing sorbent prior to reaching the boiler’s hightemperature zone prevents the CaS04 from thermal decomposition. 98/00087 Upgraded coal fuels for municipal use Sciazko, M. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (IO), 375-382. (In Polish) Hard coal combustion in heating units is inefficient and causes air pollution by such toxic pollutants like SOz and benzo(a)pyrene. Prospects for solving the problem by using smokeless briquettes, domestic coke, selected hard coal, etc. are discussed. 98lOOO88 Upgrading of brown coal by slurry-dewatering Okuma, 0. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 97100. (In Japanese) The upgraded brown coal (UBC) process is developed to refine coal, such as Victorian brown coal which is low in ash and sulfur, up to a clean solid fuel with low reactivity for spontaneous heating. The UBC process consists of a coal-oil slurry dewatering, coal-oil separation and oil recovery sections. The behaviour of the coal during dewatering and the effects of oil and asphalt on the properties of the upgraded coal such as oxidation reactivity and spontaneous heating are detailed. 98~00089 Use of coke tar for soherical aaalomeration of coal Stolarski, M. and Grazyna G. Karbo-&ergochem~~l-Ekol_ 1997, 42, (7), 231-234. (In Polish) The authors investigate the use of surplus coking tar as a bonding liquid in coal agglomeration. The coal agglomerates thus obtained can be used as a raw material for preparing coal adsorbents and smokeless fuels as well as a component of batch mixtures for coke manufacture. 98/00090 Using fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms to model the LICADO separation process (coal) Jenkins, K. A. 1997, 223 pp. Avail. UM II, Order No. DA9736429. From Diss. Abstr. Inf., B, 1997, 58(6), 3178. Viscosity change of coal during carbonization K. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 229-232. (In Japanese) Six coal types were subjected to a needle penetration technique combined with a dilatometry in order to evaluate their apparent viscosity during heating. The viscosity of the coals depended on heating rate; nitrogen gas shifted to a higher temperature range for higher heating rates. The minimum viscosity decreased as the heating rate increased. The results 98iOOO91 Matsuoka,
Solid fuels (preparation)
Preparation of salty coals with oil-agglomeration 98/00076 technoloav Biletskyi, T: S. ef al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume l), 535-538. A combined demineralization-agglomeration two-stage process for salty coal is introduced for increasing quality and yield of coal concentrates. The salt was dissoluted and removed by coal treatment with 0.1-0.3 mass% oil. After demineralization 3-20 mass% of oil was added to the coal hydromixture The resulting coal concentrate has ash content of 6-lo%, moisture content of lo-12%, and salt content ~0.4% per dry mass. Pretreatment method of coal for manufacture of 98iooo77 coke Shimakawa, Y. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09,241,655 (97,241,655] (Cl. ClOBS7/10), 16 Sep 1997, Appl. 96184,816, 12 Mar 1996, 8 pp. (In Japanese) A coking coal pre-treatment method for dust formation prevention during the loading of coal to the coke oven is described. It entails drying the coal to 2-6 wt% water content, air classifying the coal to a fine particle group and a coarse particle group containing ~95 wt% >lOO pm coarse particles and >80 wt% 2300 pm coarse particles. The fine particle group is granulated to pseudoparticles, and the mixture of treated coarse particles and pseudoparticles are subsequently loaded into the coke oven. Radiation pretreatment of low-rank coals for further 98100078 bioconversion Gazso, L. C. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9704, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 3), 1587-1590. Radiation treatment of lignite and sub-bituminous coal in the dose range of 25-100 kGy was found to increase their solubility. The radiation breakdown of coal can be enhanced by N20, which can convert hydrated electrons into hydroxy radicals which are very strong oxidizing species. Analysis measurements are underway concerning the exact characterization of chemicals produced during irradiation. It is suggested that radiation processing of low-rank coals could contribute to the further development of bioconversion. Reactivities of acid and/or tetralin pretreated 98lOOO79 Wandoan coal for a curie point flash pyrolysis Kishino, M. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996,33,201204. (In Japanese) Acid solution and/or tetralin was used in the pre-treatment of the Australian sub-bituminous Wandoan coal. The reactivity of flash pyrolysis of these coals was investigated. The decrease of the char amounts were confirmed for the coals. In the simple image analysis of the char, the increase of large pores was certified for acid pre-treated char. The progressive plasticity of the pre-treated coal is attributable to its increasing large pores. 98100080
Reagent effects on coal fines flotation Bhaumik, S. K. et al. Fuel Sci. Technol., 1995, 14, (3-4), 69-75 The effect of the concentration of collector and frothers on the recovery of coal fines by flotation has been experimentally investigated. Studies on coal fines fractions below 0.5 mm, obtained from four coal washeries treating different coking coals with diesel oil, the collector, and pine oil, Me iso-Bu carbinol (MIBC) and cresylic acid as frothers. The relation between the flotation efficiency defined as the ratio of recovery of combustibles actually obtained to the maximum recovery predicted from the sink float data for a product having the same ash and the reagent concentrations has been established. The mathematical constants involved in an empirical relation have been arrived at for one of the samples studied. Solubillzation of lignite during oxydesulfurization 98100081 in alkaline solutions Yaman, S. and Kucukbayrak, S. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 1). 289-292. Alkali solutions are usually used as the medium for some desulfurization processes such as oxydesulfurization, in which dissolved 0 is attached to coal particles. Therefore, in addition to sulfur removal, some solubilization of the coal matrix takes place. Three different Turkish lignite samples were subjected to various oxydesulfurization processes in which dilute solutions of NaCH, Na2C02, NH40H, or Na2B407 containing dissolved 0 under pressure were applied. The experiments were performed in a magnetically stirred and electrically heated Parr autoclave. The type and concentration of the alkali used, the applied temperature, and the rank of the lignite sample used determined the extent of the solubilization. Structural changes in deashed coals induced by 98lOOO82 heat treatment Sugano, M. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 269272. (In Japanese) The structural changes of three coals of different rank were investigated the volumetric swelling ratios using from the pyridine extractabilities, MeOH or benzene solvents, and the amounts of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl functional groups derived from heat-treatment at ~473 K in Nz, The paper also discusses the structural changes in deashed coals induced by heat treatment.
8
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
January 1998
Structural changes induced by thermal treatment of 98/00083 deashed coals Sugano, M. et al. DGMK Tagungsber., 1997, 9702, (Proceedings ICCS ‘97, Volume 1). 273-276 Three coals of different rank and those de-ashed coals were thermally treated below 473 Kin a nitrogen atmosphere. The structural changes in the treated coals were investigated from the yield of pyridine soluble (PS), the volumetric swelling ratios using methanol (MQ), and the contents of Ocontaining functional groups. During the thermal treatments, the values of H/C, O/C, PS and MQ in the lower rank coals decreased gradually because of the development of cross-linking among the functional groups. For higher rank coal having a small content of O-containing groups, the variations of H/C, O/C, and MQ values were negligible. 98iooo84 Sulphur distribution in Illinois No. 6 coal subjected to different oxidation pre-treatments Van Aelst, J. er al. Fuel, 1997, 76, (14/15), 1377-1381. Atmospheric Pressure-Temperature Programmed Reduction (AP-TPR) was used to study the effect of different oxidation pre-treatments on the sulphur distribution in Illinois No. 6 coal (IBC-101). Oxidation pretreatments were carried out on demineralized coal with peroxyacetic acid (PAA) as a function of reaction time. For the longest reaction time the effect of PAA on the coal was compared to the effect of several other oxidants. AP-TPR results also show a clear effect of LiAIH4 on the coal. Not only is pyrite removed, but there is also a decrease in other sulphur forms. Subsequent PAA oxidation causes an overall decrease of the APTPR signal, signifying the attack on organic as well as inorganic sulphur forms. Under the same conditions, other oxidants produce only minor differences after different treatments. 98100085 Technology for beneficiation of large-grain coal slurry Khaidakin, V. I. Ugol’ Ukr., 1995, (ll), 41-42. (In Russian) Between 30-70 tons/h coal with particle size O-6 mm are washed by an installation in two stages using hydrocyclones. Concentrate of 80-950/n is produced containing lo-15% ash and tailings containing 60-70% ash. 98100086 Thermal coal desulfurization Zbraniborski, 0. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (9), 347351. (In Polish) The partial gasification of coal fines in the presence of dolomite or limestone is followed with the subsequent separation of the spent sorbent and combustion of obtained gas and solid residue in a boiler. The removal of the used calcium-containing sorbent prior to reaching the boiler’s hightemperature zone prevents the CaS04 from thermal decomposition. 98/00087 Upgraded coal fuels for municipal use Sciazko, M. et al. Karbo-Energochemical-Ekol., 1996, 41, (IO), 375-382. (In Polish) Hard coal combustion in heating units is inefficient and causes air pollution by such toxic pollutants like SOz and benzo(a)pyrene. Prospects for solving the problem by using smokeless briquettes, domestic coke, selected hard coal, etc. are discussed. 98lOOO88 Upgrading of brown coal by slurry-dewatering Okuma, 0. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 97100. (In Japanese) The upgraded brown coal (UBC) process is developed to refine coal, such as Victorian brown coal which is low in ash and sulfur, up to a clean solid fuel with low reactivity for spontaneous heating. The UBC process consists of a coal-oil slurry dewatering, coal-oil separation and oil recovery sections. The behaviour of the coal during dewatering and the effects of oil and asphalt on the properties of the upgraded coal such as oxidation reactivity and spontaneous heating are detailed. 98~00089 Use of coke tar for soherical aaalomeration of coal Stolarski, M. and Grazyna G. Karbo-&ergochem~~l-Ekol_ 1997, 42, (7), 231-234. (In Polish) The authors investigate the use of surplus coking tar as a bonding liquid in coal agglomeration. The coal agglomerates thus obtained can be used as a raw material for preparing coal adsorbents and smokeless fuels as well as a component of batch mixtures for coke manufacture. 98/00090 Using fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms to model the LICADO separation process (coal) Jenkins, K. A. 1997, 223 pp. Avail. UM II, Order No. DA9736429. From Diss. Abstr. Inf., B, 1997, 58(6), 3178. Viscosity change of coal during carbonization K. et al. Sekitan Kagaku Kaigi Happy0 Ronbunshu, 1996, 33, 229-232. (In Japanese) Six coal types were subjected to a needle penetration technique combined with a dilatometry in order to evaluate their apparent viscosity during heating. The viscosity of the coals depended on heating rate; nitrogen gas shifted to a higher temperature range for higher heating rates. The minimum viscosity decreased as the heating rate increased. The results 98iOOO91 Matsuoka,