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Method for operation of coke oven to produce desired coal-tar
77 Process heating, power and incineration (energy applications in industry) and heat balance applied to the bottom segment and the entire furnace to evaluate the main thermochemical parameters for process control. A practical example of the model application is presented for Usiminas No.3 blast furnace, in order to achieve the coal injection rate that leads to the min. pig iron production costs. The results confirmed the method suitability for correct instabilities prevision and give indication for countermeasures to be taken to assure an optimized blast furnace practice. 02/01673 Method for elevation of blast furnace core temperature during pulverized coal injection Ichida, M. and Sakatani, M. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 247,908 (Cl. C21B5/00), 14 Sep 2001, JP Appl. 1999/372,113, 28 Dee 1999. 7. (In Japanese) The process is carried out by blowing of SiOz-based flux along with pulverized coal, from the tuyere. Optionally, the SiOz-based flux is blended with MgO-based flux. The viscosity and the melting point of the slag, dropping on the inner part of the race way, is decreased. The temperature is increased effectively without increase in the fuel ratio.
the solution/air passage, also provides the contact area for heat and mass transfer between the fluids flowing in each passage. A parametric study for the primary air stream at 33°C. 0.0171 kg/kg humidity radio and secondary air stream at 27°C and 0.010 kg/kg humidity ratio using calcium chloride solution was performed in this study. The results showed a strong dependence on the heat and mass transfer area, solution concentration and ratio of secondary to primary air mass flow rates. However, negligible differences were found between the performance of a counter flow and a parallel flow arrangement. The results demonstrate that the proposed absorber will not offset both the latent and sensible load of the primary air and, therefore, an auxiliary cooler or more dehumidification/indirect evaporative cooling stages will generally be required to meet the sensible and latent load in a typical comfort application.
02/01679 Numerical simulations of coal-fired furnaces usin a vectorized Lagran ian particle model coupled with the dg rscrete ordinates metf: od Strohle,
J. et al. CHiVI.
Symp., Znd, 2001,
Method for management of furnace wall of coke oven with profile of carbon deposit
02/01674
Tagawa, H. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,867 (Cl. ClOB29/02), 23 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,289, 11 Apr 2000. 9. (In Japanese) The method is carried out as follows. Quantitatively measuring the profile of coke oven before and after carbon deposit on the wall to obtain the difference, measuring the carbon growth rate on the wall by the difference, determining the relation of the growth rate and operation parameters, and management of the wall based on the detected relation; or converting the measured profile as index of the wall condition, and burning the carbon out of the wall and/or repairing wall when the index being above set range for management.
Method for operation of blast furnace with blow injection of large amount of carbon powder
02/01675
Murai, R. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,911 (Cl. C21B5/ 00), 26 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,669, I I Apr 2000. 9. (In Japanese) In blow injection of 2180 kg of C powder per 1 ton of molten pig iron in blast furnace, the upper limit of injection rate of ash, which is included in the C powder, (V,,,) into a raceway is decided according to the melting point and the viscosity of dropping slag, its feed rate onto the peripheral walls of the raceway, and the melting point and the viscosity of the ash components in the C powder. A brand of coal used as the C power is selected to that the Vash becomes equal to or lower than the upper limit. Alternatively, a brand of coal is selected so that it satisfies the following relations: 38.2 > (V,JS)(R,,s/lOO) lVqc = blow injection rate of C power (kg/h); S = area of furnace body (m ); Rals = ash contents in C powder (wt%) 1.The inside of the furnace has high gas permeability, and the slag ratio in the furnace is low. The C powder can be stably injected into the furnace without formation of raceway shells.
Method for operation of coke oven to produce desired coal-tar
02iO1676
Baba, S. and Shinohara, K. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 164,262 (Cl. ClOB57/00), 19 Jun 2001, Appl. 1999/351,545, 10 Dee 1999. 5. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by changing the amount of coal charged into the coke oven for producing desired coal-tar.
Method for operation of coke oven with sharing facilities having improved efficiency *
02lO1677
Yamaguchi, K. Ed a/. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,868 (Cl. ClOB41/00), 23 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,244, 11 Apr 2000. 6. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by moving the operation machine (e.g., coalcharge car, extinguishing train) belonged to one side, away from the central sharing facilities (e.g. coal tower, dry extinguishing column) into an exclusion area during work of the operation machine belonged to another side of the sharing facilities, to have certain idle period of time for several ovens in the exclusion area, to improve efficiency of stable operation. 02/01676 Modelling and performance analysis of a crossflow type plate heat exchanger for dehumidification/cooling Saman, W.Y. and Alizadeh, S. Solar Energy, 2001, 70, (4), 361-372. This paper describes the performance analysis of a cross-flow type plate heat exchanger for use as a liquid desiccant absorber (dehumidifier) and indirect evaporative cooler. The proposed absorber can be described as a direct contact, cross-flow, heat and mass exchanger, with the flow passages separated from each other by thin plastic places. One air stream (primary air) is sprayed by liquid desiccant solution, while the other stream (secondary air) is evaporatively cooled by a water spray. Each thin plate, besides separating the water/air passage from 212
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 2002
Adv. Cornput.
Heat
Transfer
II, Proc.
Int.
1.413-420.Edited by De Vahl Davis G., Leonardi E.
A Lagrangian particle tracking model is applied to the simulation of the discrete phase in coal-fired furnaces. The interaction of particles with the gas phase leads to additional source terms in the Eulerian transport equations of mass, momentum and enthalpy. The radiative heat exchange of the particles is directly coupled with the Discrete Ordinates Method using an extra source term in the discretized radiative transport equation. The models are implemented in the 3D combustion code AIOLOS, optimized for vector and parallel computers to achieve high numerical efficiency. Numerical simulations of a utility boiler show reasonable agreement with measurements. 02lO1660 PCI at the start of the 21st century Toxopeus, H.L. et al. Ironmaking Conf. Proc., 2001, 60th, 735-742. The direct injection of pulverized coal (PC1 process) in a blast furnace was performed successfully over 20 years ago. By this measure the utilization of coke could be decreased, but there were high recommendations on the S, P and ash content of the used coal. The limits of blast furnace operation at higher injected coal rates were not reached, but the experiences with PC1 could be used to develop an improved furnace control, a better control of the coal combustion, and a reevaluation of the injected coal. In this way an increased pressure could be built up, and the dust formation could be assessed.
Problems relating to high coal rate injection into blast furnaces and the prospects of ironmaking technology
02/01661
Zhang, S. and Bi, X. Ironmaking ConJ Proc., 2001, 60th, 495-507. This paper reviews the problems relating to high coal rate injection into blast furnaces and the prospects of ironmaking technology mainly from a Chinese viewpoint. Problems discussed include the quality of burden materials with respect to flooding limits, slag volume, productivity, flame temperature, and combustion process. Further topics discussed include effects of Oz enrichment, gas distribution control, selection of coal for injection, and the reliability of the injection system.
Structure and properties of isotropic carbon produced at 200-300°C in heat exchangers of commercial ethylene dichloride (EDC) pyrolysis 02iO1662
Korai, Y. ef al. Carbon, 2001, 39, (lo), 1605-1616. In the present study, an isotropic carbon produced on the wall side of the tube in the heat exchanger of the commercial process was characterized in terms of its morphology, optical texture, and graphitizability.
02lO1663 with PCI
Study on the char in the raceway of blast furnace
Zhou, S. er a/. Gangtie, 2000, 35, (l2), 9-12. (In Chinese) The chars were sampled from the raceway of a 4063 m3 blast furnace. The char amount of various characteristics at a pulverized coal injection (PCI) of 161-214 kg/ton was increased with increasing injection rate, but significant deposits in the raceway of the blast furnace were not determined. No char from the vitrinite of bituminous coal has been found in dust at the top of blast furnace. A small amount of char from the anthracite and the fusinite of bituminous coal was determined.
The influence of furnace design on the NO formation in high temperature processes 02lO1664
Kremer, H. ei al. Energy Conversion and Management, 2001, 42, (1517), 1937-1952. High temperature processes produce high NO, emissions due to their elevated working temperatures. Strong regulations for emissions of pollutants from industrial plants lead the operators to optimize their furnaces. In this paper a three-dimensional mathematical model for turbulent flow and combustion on the basis of turbulence-chemistry
the solution/air passage, also provides the contact area for heat and mass transfer between the fluids flowing in each passage. A parametric study for the primary air stream at 33°C. 0.0171 kg/kg humidity radio and secondary air stream at 27°C and 0.010 kg/kg humidity ratio using calcium chloride solution was performed in this study. The results showed a strong dependence on the heat and mass transfer area, solution concentration and ratio of secondary to primary air mass flow rates. However, negligible differences were found between the performance of a counter flow and a parallel flow arrangement. The results demonstrate that the proposed absorber will not offset both the latent and sensible load of the primary air and, therefore, an auxiliary cooler or more dehumidification/indirect evaporative cooling stages will generally be required to meet the sensible and latent load in a typical comfort application.
02/01679 Numerical simulations of coal-fired furnaces usin a vectorized Lagran ian particle model coupled with the dg rscrete ordinates metf: od Strohle,
J. et al. CHiVI.
Symp., Znd, 2001,
Method for management of furnace wall of coke oven with profile of carbon deposit
02/01674
Tagawa, H. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,867 (Cl. ClOB29/02), 23 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,289, 11 Apr 2000. 9. (In Japanese) The method is carried out as follows. Quantitatively measuring the profile of coke oven before and after carbon deposit on the wall to obtain the difference, measuring the carbon growth rate on the wall by the difference, determining the relation of the growth rate and operation parameters, and management of the wall based on the detected relation; or converting the measured profile as index of the wall condition, and burning the carbon out of the wall and/or repairing wall when the index being above set range for management.
Method for operation of blast furnace with blow injection of large amount of carbon powder
02/01675
Murai, R. et al. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,911 (Cl. C21B5/ 00), 26 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,669, I I Apr 2000. 9. (In Japanese) In blow injection of 2180 kg of C powder per 1 ton of molten pig iron in blast furnace, the upper limit of injection rate of ash, which is included in the C powder, (V,,,) into a raceway is decided according to the melting point and the viscosity of dropping slag, its feed rate onto the peripheral walls of the raceway, and the melting point and the viscosity of the ash components in the C powder. A brand of coal used as the C power is selected to that the Vash becomes equal to or lower than the upper limit. Alternatively, a brand of coal is selected so that it satisfies the following relations: 38.2 > (V,JS)(R,,s/lOO) lVqc = blow injection rate of C power (kg/h); S = area of furnace body (m ); Rals = ash contents in C powder (wt%) 1.The inside of the furnace has high gas permeability, and the slag ratio in the furnace is low. The C powder can be stably injected into the furnace without formation of raceway shells.
Method for operation of coke oven to produce desired coal-tar
02iO1676
Baba, S. and Shinohara, K. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 164,262 (Cl. ClOB57/00), 19 Jun 2001, Appl. 1999/351,545, 10 Dee 1999. 5. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by changing the amount of coal charged into the coke oven for producing desired coal-tar.
Method for operation of coke oven with sharing facilities having improved efficiency *
02lO1677
Yamaguchi, K. Ed a/. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 2001 294,868 (Cl. ClOB41/00), 23 Ott 2001, Appl. 2000/109,244, 11 Apr 2000. 6. (In Japanese) The method is carried out by moving the operation machine (e.g., coalcharge car, extinguishing train) belonged to one side, away from the central sharing facilities (e.g. coal tower, dry extinguishing column) into an exclusion area during work of the operation machine belonged to another side of the sharing facilities, to have certain idle period of time for several ovens in the exclusion area, to improve efficiency of stable operation. 02/01676 Modelling and performance analysis of a crossflow type plate heat exchanger for dehumidification/cooling Saman, W.Y. and Alizadeh, S. Solar Energy, 2001, 70, (4), 361-372. This paper describes the performance analysis of a cross-flow type plate heat exchanger for use as a liquid desiccant absorber (dehumidifier) and indirect evaporative cooler. The proposed absorber can be described as a direct contact, cross-flow, heat and mass exchanger, with the flow passages separated from each other by thin plastic places. One air stream (primary air) is sprayed by liquid desiccant solution, while the other stream (secondary air) is evaporatively cooled by a water spray. Each thin plate, besides separating the water/air passage from 212
Fuel and Energy Abstracts
May 2002
Adv. Cornput.
Heat
Transfer
II, Proc.
Int.
1.413-420.Edited by De Vahl Davis G., Leonardi E.
A Lagrangian particle tracking model is applied to the simulation of the discrete phase in coal-fired furnaces. The interaction of particles with the gas phase leads to additional source terms in the Eulerian transport equations of mass, momentum and enthalpy. The radiative heat exchange of the particles is directly coupled with the Discrete Ordinates Method using an extra source term in the discretized radiative transport equation. The models are implemented in the 3D combustion code AIOLOS, optimized for vector and parallel computers to achieve high numerical efficiency. Numerical simulations of a utility boiler show reasonable agreement with measurements. 02lO1660 PCI at the start of the 21st century Toxopeus, H.L. et al. Ironmaking Conf. Proc., 2001, 60th, 735-742. The direct injection of pulverized coal (PC1 process) in a blast furnace was performed successfully over 20 years ago. By this measure the utilization of coke could be decreased, but there were high recommendations on the S, P and ash content of the used coal. The limits of blast furnace operation at higher injected coal rates were not reached, but the experiences with PC1 could be used to develop an improved furnace control, a better control of the coal combustion, and a reevaluation of the injected coal. In this way an increased pressure could be built up, and the dust formation could be assessed.
Problems relating to high coal rate injection into blast furnaces and the prospects of ironmaking technology
02/01661
Zhang, S. and Bi, X. Ironmaking ConJ Proc., 2001, 60th, 495-507. This paper reviews the problems relating to high coal rate injection into blast furnaces and the prospects of ironmaking technology mainly from a Chinese viewpoint. Problems discussed include the quality of burden materials with respect to flooding limits, slag volume, productivity, flame temperature, and combustion process. Further topics discussed include effects of Oz enrichment, gas distribution control, selection of coal for injection, and the reliability of the injection system.
Structure and properties of isotropic carbon produced at 200-300°C in heat exchangers of commercial ethylene dichloride (EDC) pyrolysis 02iO1662
Korai, Y. ef al. Carbon, 2001, 39, (lo), 1605-1616. In the present study, an isotropic carbon produced on the wall side of the tube in the heat exchanger of the commercial process was characterized in terms of its morphology, optical texture, and graphitizability.
02lO1663 with PCI
Study on the char in the raceway of blast furnace
Zhou, S. er a/. Gangtie, 2000, 35, (l2), 9-12. (In Chinese) The chars were sampled from the raceway of a 4063 m3 blast furnace. The char amount of various characteristics at a pulverized coal injection (PCI) of 161-214 kg/ton was increased with increasing injection rate, but significant deposits in the raceway of the blast furnace were not determined. No char from the vitrinite of bituminous coal has been found in dust at the top of blast furnace. A small amount of char from the anthracite and the fusinite of bituminous coal was determined.
The influence of furnace design on the NO formation in high temperature processes 02lO1664
Kremer, H. ei al. Energy Conversion and Management, 2001, 42, (1517), 1937-1952. High temperature processes produce high NO, emissions due to their elevated working temperatures. Strong regulations for emissions of pollutants from industrial plants lead the operators to optimize their furnaces. In this paper a three-dimensional mathematical model for turbulent flow and combustion on the basis of turbulence-chemistry