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A cross-sectional study on the relationship between nutritional knowledge and physical fitness in soccer players
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Abstracts / Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 13 (2016) e55ee74
faced by traditional statistical methods when studying diet-disease associations, as they are robust to multicollinearity, do not make distributional assumptions and consider all possible interactions between explanatory variables. Aim: Το explore dietary-lifestyle factors and multilevel interactions of them as predictors of cognitive performance using CART. Materials and methods: Until September 2014, 1429 participants (41% male, median age 72 years) of the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) had completed a full baseline assessment via structured questionnaires of diet and lifestyle, medical history, memory and other cognitive problems. We performed CART analysis using percent MiniMental State Examination (MMSE %) score as the dependent variable in addition to 26 candidate explanatory variables. We tested 12 different combinations of minimum node size and minimum impurity improvement. Results: For 8 out of 12 configurations, age, education and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were implicated in node splits of the corresponding trees. Age interacted with education in 2 configurations and with GDS in a third one. No dietary or physical activity variable emerged as a predictor in any regression tree. Conclusions: Using CART, we observed no association between cognitive function and dietary or other lifestyle factors in the elderly. However, advances in the field of decision trees (e.g. random forests) and machine learning (e.g. neural networks) require further investigation with respect to their application in the field of nutrition research. Funding/Support: IIRG-09-133014 from the Alzheimer’s Association; 189 10276/8/9/2011 from the ESPA-EU program Excellence Grant (ARISTEIA) which is co-funded by the European Social Fund and Greek National resources; and DY2b/οik.51657/14.4.2009 from the Ministry for Health and Social Solidarity (Greece). NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THEIR PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAMS Sofia Stefanoudaki, Parthena Siamidi, Chrisi Markoulaki, Stella Koinaki, Vasileios Tranakas. Technological Educational Institute of Crete, School of Agriculture and Food Technology Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sitia, Greece Introduction: Nutritional education, by the implementation of Health Education Programs (H.E.P) at schools, is an attempt to deal with childhood obesity, as well as to inform on the benefits of healthy eating. Teachers play a key role in this process, and their knowledge on nutrition is possibly related to their willingness in participating and/ or the effectiveness of these programs. Aim: To investigate the potential association of a participation in H.E.P. in the past with the nutritional knowledge and adherence to Mediterranean diet of Primary school teachers. Materials and methods: 182 Primary School teachers of Heraklion Prefecture, Crete. The ''Nutrition knowledge questionnaire for adults'’ and ''The Mediterranean Diet Score’’ questionnaires were completed. A comparison was made between teachers who had participated in H.E P. and those who hadn't. Results: The mean score of both questionnaires was found to be moderate in regards to the entire sample. Teachers who had participated in a H.E.P, showed a higher score on the subcategories of the questionnaire on nutritional knowledge, concerning nutritional recommendations and diet/disease association. There was noted a positive association between nutritional knowledge of teachers and their adherence to Mediterranean diet. Conclusion: Participation in H.E.P. is related with the amplification of knowledge, as well as with a healthier dietary pattern of teachers. Nonetheless, the moderate scores on knowledge and adherence to Mediterranean diet may indicate the need of more targeted training courses, which will ensure a higher level of knowledge and a better adherence to healthy dietary patterns from teachers themselves. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN SOCCER PLAYERS Pantelis T. Nikolaidis 1, 2, Eleni Theodoropoulou 3. 1 Department of Physical and Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy, Athens, Greece; 2 Exercise
Physiology Laboratory, Nikaia, Greece; and Sport, University of Athens, Greece
3
Department of Physical Education
Introduction: Whereas nutrition has a crucial role on sport performance, it is not clear to what extend nutrition knowledge is associated with physical fitness. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the current level of nutrition knowledge of soccer players and whether this level is associated with physical fitness. Materials and methods: Soccer players (n¼185, aged 21.3±4.9 yr, weight 72.3±8.4 kg and height 177.5±6.4 cm) performed a battery of physical fitness tests (sit-and-reach test, SAR; physical working capacity in heart rate 170, PWC170; and Wingate anaerobic test, WAnT), and completed an 11-item nutrition knowledge questionnaire (NKQ). Pearson correlation coefficient r examined the relationship of NKQ with physical fitness parameters, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare physical fitness of groups differing for NKQ. Results: Low to moderate Pearson correlations (0.1590 min/day). Sunscreen usage was high during all seasons. Multiple linear regression showed an association between sun exposure and skin-type when SPF was accounted for (p¼0.037). Conclusion: Results show a high risk for vitamin D deficiency in Greece due to low dietary intake and inadequate sun exposure with high SPF usage. This substantial finding may be a public health problem and needs to be investigated further. USE OF A CATERING STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM TO FIGHT INHOSPITAL MALNUTRITION BY IMPROVING HOSPITAL FOOD QUALITY Amalia Tsagari, Bobakos Ioannis, Theodora Lappa. ''KAT General Hospital'', Greece Introduction: Low food intake is a risk factor for in-hospital malnutrition and is associated with poor food quality. Aim: Our aim was to examine hospital food quality criteria that are fundamental and important and to determine the effectiveness of a low-
Abstracts / Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 13 (2016) e55ee74
faced by traditional statistical methods when studying diet-disease associations, as they are robust to multicollinearity, do not make distributional assumptions and consider all possible interactions between explanatory variables. Aim: Το explore dietary-lifestyle factors and multilevel interactions of them as predictors of cognitive performance using CART. Materials and methods: Until September 2014, 1429 participants (41% male, median age 72 years) of the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet (HELIAD) had completed a full baseline assessment via structured questionnaires of diet and lifestyle, medical history, memory and other cognitive problems. We performed CART analysis using percent MiniMental State Examination (MMSE %) score as the dependent variable in addition to 26 candidate explanatory variables. We tested 12 different combinations of minimum node size and minimum impurity improvement. Results: For 8 out of 12 configurations, age, education and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were implicated in node splits of the corresponding trees. Age interacted with education in 2 configurations and with GDS in a third one. No dietary or physical activity variable emerged as a predictor in any regression tree. Conclusions: Using CART, we observed no association between cognitive function and dietary or other lifestyle factors in the elderly. However, advances in the field of decision trees (e.g. random forests) and machine learning (e.g. neural networks) require further investigation with respect to their application in the field of nutrition research. Funding/Support: IIRG-09-133014 from the Alzheimer’s Association; 189 10276/8/9/2011 from the ESPA-EU program Excellence Grant (ARISTEIA) which is co-funded by the European Social Fund and Greek National resources; and DY2b/οik.51657/14.4.2009 from the Ministry for Health and Social Solidarity (Greece). NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ASSOCIATION WITH THEIR PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAMS Sofia Stefanoudaki, Parthena Siamidi, Chrisi Markoulaki, Stella Koinaki, Vasileios Tranakas. Technological Educational Institute of Crete, School of Agriculture and Food Technology Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sitia, Greece Introduction: Nutritional education, by the implementation of Health Education Programs (H.E.P) at schools, is an attempt to deal with childhood obesity, as well as to inform on the benefits of healthy eating. Teachers play a key role in this process, and their knowledge on nutrition is possibly related to their willingness in participating and/ or the effectiveness of these programs. Aim: To investigate the potential association of a participation in H.E.P. in the past with the nutritional knowledge and adherence to Mediterranean diet of Primary school teachers. Materials and methods: 182 Primary School teachers of Heraklion Prefecture, Crete. The ''Nutrition knowledge questionnaire for adults'’ and ''The Mediterranean Diet Score’’ questionnaires were completed. A comparison was made between teachers who had participated in H.E P. and those who hadn't. Results: The mean score of both questionnaires was found to be moderate in regards to the entire sample. Teachers who had participated in a H.E.P, showed a higher score on the subcategories of the questionnaire on nutritional knowledge, concerning nutritional recommendations and diet/disease association. There was noted a positive association between nutritional knowledge of teachers and their adherence to Mediterranean diet. Conclusion: Participation in H.E.P. is related with the amplification of knowledge, as well as with a healthier dietary pattern of teachers. Nonetheless, the moderate scores on knowledge and adherence to Mediterranean diet may indicate the need of more targeted training courses, which will ensure a higher level of knowledge and a better adherence to healthy dietary patterns from teachers themselves. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN SOCCER PLAYERS Pantelis T. Nikolaidis 1, 2, Eleni Theodoropoulou 3. 1 Department of Physical and Cultural Education, Hellenic Army Academy, Athens, Greece; 2 Exercise
Physiology Laboratory, Nikaia, Greece; and Sport, University of Athens, Greece
3
Department of Physical Education
Introduction: Whereas nutrition has a crucial role on sport performance, it is not clear to what extend nutrition knowledge is associated with physical fitness. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the current level of nutrition knowledge of soccer players and whether this level is associated with physical fitness. Materials and methods: Soccer players (n¼185, aged 21.3±4.9 yr, weight 72.3±8.4 kg and height 177.5±6.4 cm) performed a battery of physical fitness tests (sit-and-reach test, SAR; physical working capacity in heart rate 170, PWC170; and Wingate anaerobic test, WAnT), and completed an 11-item nutrition knowledge questionnaire (NKQ). Pearson correlation coefficient r examined the relationship of NKQ with physical fitness parameters, and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare physical fitness of groups differing for NKQ. Results: Low to moderate Pearson correlations (0.15