- Email: [email protected]
American journal of infection control
American Journal of Infection Control Editor Elaine L. Larson, RN, PhD, FAAN, CIC New York, NY
Associate Editors Michael T. Brady, MD Columbus, Ohio Russell N. Olmsted, MPH, CIC Ann Arbor, Mich Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPH, CIC Olympia,Wash
MANAGING EDITOR Manuel Cortazal, BA New York, NY
SECTION EDITORS GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPH, CIC Olympia,Wash Ziad Memish, MD Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
CURRENT METHODOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
REACTION AND RESPONSE
Sanjay Saint, MD, MPH Teresa Horan, MPH, CIC
Russell N. Olmsted, MPH, CIC Ann Arbor, Mich
EDITORIAL BOARD 2003 Sadad Sabri Al-Ozairi, MD, PhD, FRCS, ChM, FACS, FICS, FICA Al-Shamieh, Kuwait Carla Alvarado, MS, CIC Madison,Wis Bonnie Barnard, MPH, CIC Houston,Tex Joanne Bartkus, PhD Minneapolis, Minn Nathan L. Belkin, PhD Clearwater, Fla Ruth Carrico, RN, PhD Louisville, KY George W. Counts, MD Bethesda, Md Charles Craig, MD Ann Arbor, Mich Adriano Duse, MD, International Liaison Gauteng, South Africa D. J. Flournoy, PhD, MT(ASCP), Sm, CLD, FAAM Oklahoma City, Okla Robert Garcia, BS, MT, CIC Brooklyn, NY Marion Gillen, RN, PhD San Francisco, Calif Angela Goetz, RN, MNEd, CIC Pittsburgh, Pa Dinah Gould, MPhil, PhD, International Liaison London, UK Patti Grant, RN, MS, CIC Dallas,Tex Clark Gregg, Houston,Tex Christopher Griffith, PhD Cardiff,Wales Barbara Gruendemann, RN, MS, FAAN Dallas,Tex
Donna Jean Haiduven, RN, PhD, CIC Tampa, Fla Anna M. Hambraeus, MD, PhD Uppsala, Sweden Alan Hartstein, MD Miami, Fla H. Bradford Hawley, MD, FACP, FCCP Dayton, Ohio Jaime E. Hernandez, MD Research Triangle Park, NC Teresa C. Horan, MPH, CIC Atlanta, Ga Ruth Huber, RN, MS, CIC Washington, DC John A. Jernigan, MD, MS Atlanta, Ga Virginia Kennedy, RN, MS Houston,Tex Gavin Leslie, RN, PhD Perth, Australia Lilia Manangan, RN, MPH Atlanta, Ga Geeta Mehta, MD, MAMS, FIAMS New Dehli, India Christopher Miller, PhD Indianapolis, Ind Ona Montgomery, RN, MSHA, CIC Amarillo,Tex Cathryn Murphy, MPH, PhD Atlanta, Ga Carol O’Boyle, RN, MS, PhD Minneapolis, Minn Folasade T. Ogunsola, PhD Lagos, Nigeria Trish Perl, MD Baltimore, Md Teresa Pi-Sunyer, RN Barcelona, Spain Didier Pittet, MD Geneva, Switzerland Gregory Poland, MD Rochester, Minn
Jean Pottinger, RN, MA Iowa City, Iowa Gary A. Preston, PhD Vashon,Wash Larry Reimer, MD Salt Lake City, Utah Emily Rhinehart, RN, MPH, CIC Atlanta, Ga Brenda Roup, RN, PhD, CIC Baltimore, Md Henning Ruden, MD Berlin, Germany Sanjay Saint, MD, MPH Ann Arbor, Mich Harshadkumar C. Sanhvi Nairobi, Kenya Syed Sattar, PhD Ottawa, Canada Elizabeth Scott, PhD Newton, Mass Kent Sepkowitz, MD New York, NY Carlos Starling, MD Barro Preto, Brazil Lynn Steele, MS, CIC Atlanta, Ga Gerald Stokes, PhD Washington, DC Larry J. Strausbaugh, MD Portland, Ore Patricia Stone, RN, PhD New York, NY Thelma D. van der Merwe, RN, PhD South Africa Gertie van Knippenberg-Gordebeke, Editor, International Federation of Infection Contol Venlo,The Netherlands Keith Woeltje, MD, PhD Augusta, Ga Edward S.Wong, MD Richmond,Va
ASSOCIATION FOR PROFESSIONALS IN INFECTION CONTROL AND EPIDEMIOLOGY, INC BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2003 Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPA, CIC Jeanne A. Pfeiffer, RN, MPH, CIC Janet E. Frain, RN, CIC, CPHQ Hala J. Fawal, MPH, MBA, CIC Georgia P. Dash, RN, MS, CIC Kathleen Meehan Arias, MS, MT, SM, CIC Bonnie M. Barnard, MPH, CIC Patti Grant, RN, BSN, MS, CIC
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
6A
PRESIDENT PRESIDENT-ELECT TREASURER SECRETARY IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Marie A. Kassai, RN, BSN, MPH, CIC James F. Marx, RN, MS, CIC Denise Murphy, RN, BSN, MPH, CIC
Christine J. Nutty, RN, MSN, CIC Patricia A. Rosenbaum, RNC, CIC Lynn Steele, MS, CIC
James G. Masland, Jr 1275 K St NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005-4006 202-789-1890; 202-789-1899 (fax); http://www.apic.org/ October 2003
Associate Editors Michael T. Brady, MD Columbus, Ohio Russell N. Olmsted, MPH, CIC Ann Arbor, Mich Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPH, CIC Olympia,Wash
MANAGING EDITOR Manuel Cortazal, BA New York, NY
SECTION EDITORS GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPH, CIC Olympia,Wash Ziad Memish, MD Riyadh, Saudia Arabia
CURRENT METHODOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
REACTION AND RESPONSE
Sanjay Saint, MD, MPH Teresa Horan, MPH, CIC
Russell N. Olmsted, MPH, CIC Ann Arbor, Mich
EDITORIAL BOARD 2003 Sadad Sabri Al-Ozairi, MD, PhD, FRCS, ChM, FACS, FICS, FICA Al-Shamieh, Kuwait Carla Alvarado, MS, CIC Madison,Wis Bonnie Barnard, MPH, CIC Houston,Tex Joanne Bartkus, PhD Minneapolis, Minn Nathan L. Belkin, PhD Clearwater, Fla Ruth Carrico, RN, PhD Louisville, KY George W. Counts, MD Bethesda, Md Charles Craig, MD Ann Arbor, Mich Adriano Duse, MD, International Liaison Gauteng, South Africa D. J. Flournoy, PhD, MT(ASCP), Sm, CLD, FAAM Oklahoma City, Okla Robert Garcia, BS, MT, CIC Brooklyn, NY Marion Gillen, RN, PhD San Francisco, Calif Angela Goetz, RN, MNEd, CIC Pittsburgh, Pa Dinah Gould, MPhil, PhD, International Liaison London, UK Patti Grant, RN, MS, CIC Dallas,Tex Clark Gregg, Houston,Tex Christopher Griffith, PhD Cardiff,Wales Barbara Gruendemann, RN, MS, FAAN Dallas,Tex
Donna Jean Haiduven, RN, PhD, CIC Tampa, Fla Anna M. Hambraeus, MD, PhD Uppsala, Sweden Alan Hartstein, MD Miami, Fla H. Bradford Hawley, MD, FACP, FCCP Dayton, Ohio Jaime E. Hernandez, MD Research Triangle Park, NC Teresa C. Horan, MPH, CIC Atlanta, Ga Ruth Huber, RN, MS, CIC Washington, DC John A. Jernigan, MD, MS Atlanta, Ga Virginia Kennedy, RN, MS Houston,Tex Gavin Leslie, RN, PhD Perth, Australia Lilia Manangan, RN, MPH Atlanta, Ga Geeta Mehta, MD, MAMS, FIAMS New Dehli, India Christopher Miller, PhD Indianapolis, Ind Ona Montgomery, RN, MSHA, CIC Amarillo,Tex Cathryn Murphy, MPH, PhD Atlanta, Ga Carol O’Boyle, RN, MS, PhD Minneapolis, Minn Folasade T. Ogunsola, PhD Lagos, Nigeria Trish Perl, MD Baltimore, Md Teresa Pi-Sunyer, RN Barcelona, Spain Didier Pittet, MD Geneva, Switzerland Gregory Poland, MD Rochester, Minn
Jean Pottinger, RN, MA Iowa City, Iowa Gary A. Preston, PhD Vashon,Wash Larry Reimer, MD Salt Lake City, Utah Emily Rhinehart, RN, MPH, CIC Atlanta, Ga Brenda Roup, RN, PhD, CIC Baltimore, Md Henning Ruden, MD Berlin, Germany Sanjay Saint, MD, MPH Ann Arbor, Mich Harshadkumar C. Sanhvi Nairobi, Kenya Syed Sattar, PhD Ottawa, Canada Elizabeth Scott, PhD Newton, Mass Kent Sepkowitz, MD New York, NY Carlos Starling, MD Barro Preto, Brazil Lynn Steele, MS, CIC Atlanta, Ga Gerald Stokes, PhD Washington, DC Larry J. Strausbaugh, MD Portland, Ore Patricia Stone, RN, PhD New York, NY Thelma D. van der Merwe, RN, PhD South Africa Gertie van Knippenberg-Gordebeke, Editor, International Federation of Infection Contol Venlo,The Netherlands Keith Woeltje, MD, PhD Augusta, Ga Edward S.Wong, MD Richmond,Va
ASSOCIATION FOR PROFESSIONALS IN INFECTION CONTROL AND EPIDEMIOLOGY, INC BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2003 Barbara M. Soule, RN, MPA, CIC Jeanne A. Pfeiffer, RN, MPH, CIC Janet E. Frain, RN, CIC, CPHQ Hala J. Fawal, MPH, MBA, CIC Georgia P. Dash, RN, MS, CIC Kathleen Meehan Arias, MS, MT, SM, CIC Bonnie M. Barnard, MPH, CIC Patti Grant, RN, BSN, MS, CIC
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
6A
PRESIDENT PRESIDENT-ELECT TREASURER SECRETARY IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Marie A. Kassai, RN, BSN, MPH, CIC James F. Marx, RN, MS, CIC Denise Murphy, RN, BSN, MPH, CIC
Christine J. Nutty, RN, MSN, CIC Patricia A. Rosenbaum, RNC, CIC Lynn Steele, MS, CIC
James G. Masland, Jr 1275 K St NW, Suite 1000 Washington, DC 20005-4006 202-789-1890; 202-789-1899 (fax); http://www.apic.org/ October 2003