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An evaluation of the effect of volcanic eruption on the solar radiation at six Canadian stations
15 Environment (pollution, health protection, safety)
96/03188 Energy consumption and environmental impact of buildings In Norway - Life cycla assessment Fossdal, S. lEA Energy News, Oct. 1995, (22), 1-4. Gives a list of the different phases of a building's life cycle and explains the four components of a life cycle assessment. 96/03189 Environment-friendly energy from oil residues Wever, J. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 36-38. (In Flemish) Oil residues from refinery treatment are increasingly polluted by sulphur and heavy metals. Decentral burning of such residues will cause damage to the environment. A sound alternative is gasification on behalf of power generation. A gasification plant is economically feasible from 250 Mwe. The capacity for power generation from oil residues in the Netherlands is estimated at 1700 Mwe at an overall Dutch power consumption of about 9000 MWe. 96/03190 Environmental impact of the mining industry in Poland Rybicka, E. H. Heavy Met., Springer, Berlin, 1995, 271-285. Discusses the environmental impact from mining of coal, metal ores, and rock salt in Poland. 96/03191 Environmental monitoring using environmental information systems of the second generation Schmidt, F. Kerntechnik, Feb. 1996, 61, (1), 40-44. Several environmental information systems were designed and implemented in Germany after the Chernobyl accident. Experiences from the operation of these systems are positive. Their further use is highly desired. But updates of the hardware and the software are necessary. The requirements to be met by the follow-up systems are derived with consideration of accumulated experiences. 96/03192 Environmental protection systems for the petroleum industry Lowe, G. B. Petroleum Review, Jan. 1996,50, (588), 12, 14-15. The author discusses the storage and transportation of petroleum products and chemicals which is closely controlled, but spillages and leaks do occasionally happen, often caused by human error. 96/03193 Environmental study of radioactive caesium in Greek lake fish after the Chernobyl accident Kritidis, P. and F1orou, H. J. Environ. Radioactivity, 1995, 28, (3), 285-293. The radiological status of radiocaesium in the Greek environment until 1986 has been characterized by the impact of world-wide fallout. During 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear accident resulted in an average deposition of caesium in Greece. The radioactive contamination of the lake ecosystems is potential~ a radioloeically important consequence of the accident. The effects of \ Cs and 13 Cs introduced into a number of major Greek lake ecosystems has been evaluated in the present work by determination of their concentrations in various lake fish species during the years 1986, 1988 and 1989.
96/03194 Envirotech Investment Fund: An innovative financial approach to greenhouse gas reduction Van Den Berg, A. J. Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6), 699-702. At the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during June 1992, the United States and over 150 other nations signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, establishing the objective of: 'stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system'. The programme described in this paper is one of five initiatives organized by the electric utility industry under the 'Climate Challenge' and directed by the Edison Electric Institute. The purpose of the five initiatives is to unite the industry so the voluntary programme is less likely to evolve into a mandatory one.
96/03195 EPA expands assault on coal Altmeyer, T. Mining Voice, Nov.-Dec. 1995, 1, (5), p. 17. Reports that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is pushing a range of regulatory proposals intended to reduce drastically stationary source emissions of nitrogen oxides, which are precursor constituents in the formation of urban smog, or ozone. 96/03196 Epidemiological evaluation of release of monocyte TNF-alpha as an exposure and effect marker In pneumonoconiosis: A five year follow up study of coal workers Schins, R. P. and Borm, P. 1. Occup. Environ. Med., 1995, 52, (7), 441-450. The objective of this study was to determine reproducibility with previous cross sectional findings, and the predictive value of initial release of tumour necrosis factor-a towards later progression of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
220 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996
96/03197 Estimated contribution of power plants to ambient nitrogen oxides measured In Atlanta, Georgia In August 1992 Duncan, B. N. et al., Atmos. Environ., 1995, 29, (21), 3043-3054. Since gasoline and coal vary in sulphur content, plumes from mobile and point sources can be identified by their characteristic sulphur dioxide to nitrogen oxides ratios. In this study this fingerprint ratio is used to estimate what percentage of the total ambient nitrogen oxides intercepted by a chemical measurement station in Atlanta is attributable to specific point sources. 96/03198 Evaluation of fertilization of nutrient to the ocean as a measure for CO2 problem Horiuchi, K. et al., Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun.-Sep. 1995, 36, (6), 915-918. The fertilization of the ocean with nutrients such as nitrate and/or phosphae is studied as one of the measures for solving the CO2 problem in this paper. The desired amounts of nutrients were calculated based on the Redfield ratio of the phytoplankton in the ocean.
96/03199 Evaluation of NO. control technologies for coal fired boilers (in China Steel Co.) Ho, T. Y. et al., Jishu Yu Xunlian, 1995, 20, (3), 185-202. (In Chinese) China Steel Corporation has three tangential coal fired boilers with NOx emissions exceeding the 2001 regulations. In order to meet the NOx standards in advance, a feasibility study was carried out to evaluate the NOx control options for boilers. The results of the feasibility study recommended two NOx control options: combination of over-fire air and selective noncatalytic reduction, and reburning with COG/BFG. In addition, conceptual designs of processes were provided. 96/03200 Evaluation of the danger of coal-gas outbursts based on gas pressure and permeability Janas, H. F. and Kunz, E. Glueckauj-Forschungsh., 1995,55, (2), 51-55. (In German) A review of gas measurement and danger assessment in coal mines. Also covers mathematical modelling of measurement results and coal walJ age. 96/03201 An evaluation of the eHect of volcanic eruption on the solar radiation at six Canadian stations Garrison, J. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995,55, (6), 513-525. Hourly global and diffuse radiation data from six Canadian stations have been analyzed for evidence of the effect of volcanic eruption on the amount of direct beam radiation and diffuse radiation. A strong reduction of clear hour direct beam radiation is seen during 1983 due to aerosols in the stratosphere following the eruption of EI Chichon in southern Mexico on 28 March and 3 and 4 April 1982. 96/03202 Evaluation of the Importance of reservoir sediments as sinks for reactor-derived radionuclides in riverine systems Albrecht, A. et al., J. Environ. Radioactivity, 1995, 28, (3), 239-269. Low activities of 60Co and 137Cs, discharged by Swiss nuclear reactors, have been used to study migration and adsorption phenomena of anthropogenic radionuclides. 96/03203 Evaluation strategies for chemical and biological fixation/utilization processes of carbon dioxide Kojima, T. Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun-Sep, 1995, 36, (6), 881-884. Various chemical and biological processes have so far been proposed for carbon dioxide recovery, conversion into organic matter and reutilization, which is called the carbon recycling systme. In this paper, the author's evaluation strategies are discussed. 96/03204 An experimental and modeling study of fires in ventilated ducts. Part II: PMMA and stratification Comitis, S. C. et al., Combustion & Flame, Jan. 1996, 104, (1),138-156. A theoretical and experimental treatment of fire processes in horizontal, ventilated passages, containing an axial distribution of fuel, is presented. 96/03205 Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons In a new coking plant Yrjaenheikki, E. et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 1995,56, (8), 782-787. The purpose of this study was to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures in the working areas of a new coking plant. The measurements were conducted during 1988-1990 in a Finnish coking plant.
96/03188 Energy consumption and environmental impact of buildings In Norway - Life cycla assessment Fossdal, S. lEA Energy News, Oct. 1995, (22), 1-4. Gives a list of the different phases of a building's life cycle and explains the four components of a life cycle assessment. 96/03189 Environment-friendly energy from oil residues Wever, J. Gas (Netherlands), Dec. 1995, 115, (12), 36-38. (In Flemish) Oil residues from refinery treatment are increasingly polluted by sulphur and heavy metals. Decentral burning of such residues will cause damage to the environment. A sound alternative is gasification on behalf of power generation. A gasification plant is economically feasible from 250 Mwe. The capacity for power generation from oil residues in the Netherlands is estimated at 1700 Mwe at an overall Dutch power consumption of about 9000 MWe. 96/03190 Environmental impact of the mining industry in Poland Rybicka, E. H. Heavy Met., Springer, Berlin, 1995, 271-285. Discusses the environmental impact from mining of coal, metal ores, and rock salt in Poland. 96/03191 Environmental monitoring using environmental information systems of the second generation Schmidt, F. Kerntechnik, Feb. 1996, 61, (1), 40-44. Several environmental information systems were designed and implemented in Germany after the Chernobyl accident. Experiences from the operation of these systems are positive. Their further use is highly desired. But updates of the hardware and the software are necessary. The requirements to be met by the follow-up systems are derived with consideration of accumulated experiences. 96/03192 Environmental protection systems for the petroleum industry Lowe, G. B. Petroleum Review, Jan. 1996,50, (588), 12, 14-15. The author discusses the storage and transportation of petroleum products and chemicals which is closely controlled, but spillages and leaks do occasionally happen, often caused by human error. 96/03193 Environmental study of radioactive caesium in Greek lake fish after the Chernobyl accident Kritidis, P. and F1orou, H. J. Environ. Radioactivity, 1995, 28, (3), 285-293. The radiological status of radiocaesium in the Greek environment until 1986 has been characterized by the impact of world-wide fallout. During 1986, the Chernobyl nuclear accident resulted in an average deposition of caesium in Greece. The radioactive contamination of the lake ecosystems is potential~ a radioloeically important consequence of the accident. The effects of \ Cs and 13 Cs introduced into a number of major Greek lake ecosystems has been evaluated in the present work by determination of their concentrations in various lake fish species during the years 1986, 1988 and 1989.
96/03194 Envirotech Investment Fund: An innovative financial approach to greenhouse gas reduction Van Den Berg, A. J. Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun.-Aug. 1996, 37, (6), 699-702. At the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil during June 1992, the United States and over 150 other nations signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, establishing the objective of: 'stabilizing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system'. The programme described in this paper is one of five initiatives organized by the electric utility industry under the 'Climate Challenge' and directed by the Edison Electric Institute. The purpose of the five initiatives is to unite the industry so the voluntary programme is less likely to evolve into a mandatory one.
96/03195 EPA expands assault on coal Altmeyer, T. Mining Voice, Nov.-Dec. 1995, 1, (5), p. 17. Reports that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is pushing a range of regulatory proposals intended to reduce drastically stationary source emissions of nitrogen oxides, which are precursor constituents in the formation of urban smog, or ozone. 96/03196 Epidemiological evaluation of release of monocyte TNF-alpha as an exposure and effect marker In pneumonoconiosis: A five year follow up study of coal workers Schins, R. P. and Borm, P. 1. Occup. Environ. Med., 1995, 52, (7), 441-450. The objective of this study was to determine reproducibility with previous cross sectional findings, and the predictive value of initial release of tumour necrosis factor-a towards later progression of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.
220 Fuel and Energy Abstracts May 1996
96/03197 Estimated contribution of power plants to ambient nitrogen oxides measured In Atlanta, Georgia In August 1992 Duncan, B. N. et al., Atmos. Environ., 1995, 29, (21), 3043-3054. Since gasoline and coal vary in sulphur content, plumes from mobile and point sources can be identified by their characteristic sulphur dioxide to nitrogen oxides ratios. In this study this fingerprint ratio is used to estimate what percentage of the total ambient nitrogen oxides intercepted by a chemical measurement station in Atlanta is attributable to specific point sources. 96/03198 Evaluation of fertilization of nutrient to the ocean as a measure for CO2 problem Horiuchi, K. et al., Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun.-Sep. 1995, 36, (6), 915-918. The fertilization of the ocean with nutrients such as nitrate and/or phosphae is studied as one of the measures for solving the CO2 problem in this paper. The desired amounts of nutrients were calculated based on the Redfield ratio of the phytoplankton in the ocean.
96/03199 Evaluation of NO. control technologies for coal fired boilers (in China Steel Co.) Ho, T. Y. et al., Jishu Yu Xunlian, 1995, 20, (3), 185-202. (In Chinese) China Steel Corporation has three tangential coal fired boilers with NOx emissions exceeding the 2001 regulations. In order to meet the NOx standards in advance, a feasibility study was carried out to evaluate the NOx control options for boilers. The results of the feasibility study recommended two NOx control options: combination of over-fire air and selective noncatalytic reduction, and reburning with COG/BFG. In addition, conceptual designs of processes were provided. 96/03200 Evaluation of the danger of coal-gas outbursts based on gas pressure and permeability Janas, H. F. and Kunz, E. Glueckauj-Forschungsh., 1995,55, (2), 51-55. (In German) A review of gas measurement and danger assessment in coal mines. Also covers mathematical modelling of measurement results and coal walJ age. 96/03201 An evaluation of the eHect of volcanic eruption on the solar radiation at six Canadian stations Garrison, J. Solar Energy, Dec. 1995,55, (6), 513-525. Hourly global and diffuse radiation data from six Canadian stations have been analyzed for evidence of the effect of volcanic eruption on the amount of direct beam radiation and diffuse radiation. A strong reduction of clear hour direct beam radiation is seen during 1983 due to aerosols in the stratosphere following the eruption of EI Chichon in southern Mexico on 28 March and 3 and 4 April 1982. 96/03202 Evaluation of the Importance of reservoir sediments as sinks for reactor-derived radionuclides in riverine systems Albrecht, A. et al., J. Environ. Radioactivity, 1995, 28, (3), 239-269. Low activities of 60Co and 137Cs, discharged by Swiss nuclear reactors, have been used to study migration and adsorption phenomena of anthropogenic radionuclides. 96/03203 Evaluation strategies for chemical and biological fixation/utilization processes of carbon dioxide Kojima, T. Energy Converso Mgmt., Jun-Sep, 1995, 36, (6), 881-884. Various chemical and biological processes have so far been proposed for carbon dioxide recovery, conversion into organic matter and reutilization, which is called the carbon recycling systme. In this paper, the author's evaluation strategies are discussed. 96/03204 An experimental and modeling study of fires in ventilated ducts. Part II: PMMA and stratification Comitis, S. C. et al., Combustion & Flame, Jan. 1996, 104, (1),138-156. A theoretical and experimental treatment of fire processes in horizontal, ventilated passages, containing an axial distribution of fuel, is presented. 96/03205 Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons In a new coking plant Yrjaenheikki, E. et al., Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 1995,56, (8), 782-787. The purpose of this study was to measure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures in the working areas of a new coking plant. The measurements were conducted during 1988-1990 in a Finnish coking plant.