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Answers linked to Ghantoji SS, Sail K, Garey KW. Economic healthcare costs of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. J Hosp Infect 2010;74:309–318.
Journal of Hospital Infection 76 (2010) 261
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Journal of Hospital Infection journal homepage: www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jhin
Continuing Professional Development and the Journal of Hospital Infection
Answers linked to Ghantoji SS, Sail K, Garey KW. Economic healthcare costs of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. J Hosp Infect 2010;74:309e318.Ć Available online 30 April 2010
1. The studies included in the systematic review by Ghantoji et al. have estimated an annual attributable cost of Clostridium difficile-associated infection (CDI) in the USA as: (a) (b) (c) (d)
Less than $1 million. $433 to $797 million. More than $1 billion. None of the above.
Answer: (b). According to the review, $433 to $797 million was the estimated attributable cost of CDI in the USA. 2. The studies included in the review did not estimate the true economic burden of CDI because: (a) Indirect costs were not calculated. (b) Cost evaluation was not the primary objective. (c) Studies did not address the cost differences associated with the B1I/NAP1 strain. (d) All the above.
Answer: (d). Very few studies estimated the accurate burden of CDI, since cost evaluation was the secondary objective in most of the studies. 3. Most research on costs of CDI uses advanced multivariate modelling techniques. (a) True. (b) False. Answer: (a). False, with the exception of the study performed by Dubberke et al., no study used advanced sensitivity analysis or multivariate econometric modelling. Dubberke et al. determined attributable cost of CDI using two methods e multivariable linear regression and propensity score matched pair analysis. The main objective of the study was to estimate the economic burden associated with CDI.
Summarising the instructions from the Royal College of Pathologists: (1) One CPD point is allowed for each question and answer set (up to five questions and answers). (2) Answers must be recorded referenced back to the questions and recorded in the CPD portfolio. (3) It is essential that participants include the completed response form showing both questions and answers in their portfolio as these may be subject to audit by RCPath. For further information about the Royal College of Pathologists' CPD scheme and credit allocation, please contact: Professional Standards Unit, CPD Section, Royal College of Pathologists, 2 Carlton House Terrace, London, SW1Y 5AF, UK. E-mail: [email protected] or visit http://www.rcpath.org 0195-6701/$ e see front matter Ó 2010 The Hospital Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2010.02.017
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
Journal of Hospital Infection journal homepage: www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jhin
Continuing Professional Development and the Journal of Hospital Infection
Answers linked to Ghantoji SS, Sail K, Garey KW. Economic healthcare costs of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. J Hosp Infect 2010;74:309e318.Ć Available online 30 April 2010
1. The studies included in the systematic review by Ghantoji et al. have estimated an annual attributable cost of Clostridium difficile-associated infection (CDI) in the USA as: (a) (b) (c) (d)
Less than $1 million. $433 to $797 million. More than $1 billion. None of the above.
Answer: (b). According to the review, $433 to $797 million was the estimated attributable cost of CDI in the USA. 2. The studies included in the review did not estimate the true economic burden of CDI because: (a) Indirect costs were not calculated. (b) Cost evaluation was not the primary objective. (c) Studies did not address the cost differences associated with the B1I/NAP1 strain. (d) All the above.
Answer: (d). Very few studies estimated the accurate burden of CDI, since cost evaluation was the secondary objective in most of the studies. 3. Most research on costs of CDI uses advanced multivariate modelling techniques. (a) True. (b) False. Answer: (a). False, with the exception of the study performed by Dubberke et al., no study used advanced sensitivity analysis or multivariate econometric modelling. Dubberke et al. determined attributable cost of CDI using two methods e multivariable linear regression and propensity score matched pair analysis. The main objective of the study was to estimate the economic burden associated with CDI.
Summarising the instructions from the Royal College of Pathologists: (1) One CPD point is allowed for each question and answer set (up to five questions and answers). (2) Answers must be recorded referenced back to the questions and recorded in the CPD portfolio. (3) It is essential that participants include the completed response form showing both questions and answers in their portfolio as these may be subject to audit by RCPath. For further information about the Royal College of Pathologists' CPD scheme and credit allocation, please contact: Professional Standards Unit, CPD Section, Royal College of Pathologists, 2 Carlton House Terrace, London, SW1Y 5AF, UK. E-mail: [email protected] or visit http://www.rcpath.org 0195-6701/$ e see front matter Ó 2010 The Hospital Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2010.02.017