- Email: [email protected]
Appendix D — A new ionospheric index MF2
Vol.15,No.2pp.~)197-(2)199,1995 *Yw@?~b~~ Printed in&cat BntkAll 0273-117719 "$$7.00+0.00
Adv.SpaceRcs.
Pergaam
APPENDIX D - A NEW IONOSPHERIC INDEX MF2 A. V. Mikhailov and V. V. Mikhailov
TABLE 1 Monthly Indices MF2 from 1957 to 1991 Year 1957
1958 1959 1960
1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991
I
II
11.79 11.20 10.75 9.65 6.85 5.07 4.86 4.59 4.48 4.77 6.80 8.51 7.28 7.79 7.11 6.20 5.56 4.64 4.94 4.43 4.56 5.78 8.93 9.21 8.64 9.05 7.43 5.80 4.90 4.70 4.43 5.61 9.22 9.70 10.60
12.12 11.68 11.37 10.38 7.10 5.67 5.14 5.17 5.16 5.25 8.09 9.22 8.84 9.57 8.04 7.48 6.30 4.94 4.52 4.59 5.38 7.67 11.38 10.53 10.82 10.40 7.80 6.81 5.17 4.88 4.93 5.78 11.37 10.09 11.33
III
IV
12.75 12.72 12.90 12.68 12.19 11.55 10.54 9.56 8.03 7.63 6.59 6.53 5.74 6.18 6.04 5.96 5.93 6.15 6.02 6.83 10.14 10.09 9.92 9.73 10.92.10.41 10.66 10.69 8.94 8.30 9.86 9.14 6.57 6.57 5.75 6.22 5.42 5.43 5.34 6.01 6.01 6.08 9.36 8.98 12.32 10.45 12.03 11.67 12.55 11.76 11.88 10.77 8.16 7.60 8.31 7.35 5.40 5.69 5.66 6.07 5.40 6.35 7.33 8.54 11.98 11.10 11.00 10.61 12.35 11.20
V
VI
VII
9.87 9.86 9.59 10.50 9.52 9.26 10.58 9.66 8.91 9.36 8.72 8.54 7.59 7.70 7.23 7.43 6.96 6.45 6.59 6.67 6.20 5.96 6.08 5.71 6.27 6.40 6.15 7.35 7.33 7.25 8.51 7.88 8.13 9.24 8.46 8.24 9.33 8.73 8.30 9.84 8.92 8.66 7.79 7.60 7.37 8.61 8.44 8.23 7.24 6.96 6.49 6.71 6.61 6.43 5.91 6.07 5.93 6.29 6.28 5.87 6.66 6.94 6.51 8.86 8.54 8.56 10.43 9.45 8.74 11.03 10.03 9.40 10.91 9.75 8.87 9.88 8.67 7.94 8.81 8.34 7.83 7.77 7.36 6.65 6.15 6.21 5.95 6.15 5.89 5.82 6.93 6.46 6.04 8.05 8.22 7.50 10.07 9.43 10.20 9.88 8.83 9.02 10.01 9.94 9.90
VIII 9.32 9.76 9.07 8.36 7.44 5.78 5.78 5.41 5.75 6.90 8.09 8.11 8.25 8.11 6.67 7.66 6.18 5.87 5.81 5.68 6.14 7.74 9.00 9.15 9.06 7.88 7.49 6.03 5.53 5.29 6.13 7.83 9.07 8.66 9.94
IX 10.85 11.49 9.89 9.68 7.01 5.94 5.56 5.45 5.49 6.64 8.67 8.49 8.76 9.09 7.21 8.33 6.55 5.72 6.07 5.55 6.15 8.87 10.23 10.00 11.16 8.69 7.18 5.77 5.45 5.24 5.82 8.98 10.69 10.32 10.47
x 12.74 12.85 10.79 9.87 7.36 6.19 6.20 5.61 6.31 7.80 9.84 9.93 9.72 10.01 7.49 8.63 6.71 6.83 6.35 6.16 7.21 10.66 12.52 11.80 12.15 10.80 8.25 5.85 5.90 6.15 6.70 10.95 12.05 10.97 10.25
XI
XII
12.41 10.87 11.82 9.80 10.28 8.28 9.65 7.32 6.45 5.01 6.07 4.49 5.82 4.23 5.12 4.19 5.83 4.21 7.25 5.68 8.62 7.49 8.59 7.59 8.93 6.66 9.85 7.14 7.29 5.80 7.14 5.24 5.87 4.52 5.98 4.60 5.47 4.19 5.06 4.30 6.48 5.19 9.38 7.78 11.54 9.52 11.29 9.62 11.66 9.15 10.02 8.37 7.30 5.57 5.45 4.60 5.37 4.33 5.48 4.44 7.00 5.25 9.81 8.59 11.97 9.62 9.59 9.44 9.40 9.49
A.V.Mikhailov and V.V.Mikhailov
(2)198
TABLE 2 Diurnal Average e/MHz (and 6 in %) to the Regressions of foF2 with Different Activity Indices, for three distinct seasons (number of cases noted as third column) Station
Season
RI2
IGl2
RESSN12
MF2
Winter (2736) Boulder Summer (2760) Equinox (2637)
0.435 ( 5.2) 0.276 ( 4.0) 0.470 ( 6.0)
0.417 (5.1) 0.250 (3.6) 0.436 (5.5)
0.416 (5.1) 0.263 (3.7) 0.459 (5.6)
0.279 (4.1) 0.219 (3.2) 0.298 (3.9)
Moscow
Winter (3144) Summer (3168) Equinox (3168)
0.444 (6.1) 0.318 ( 4.0) 0.497 ( 6.7)
0.429 (6.0) 0.294 (3.6) 0.447 (5.9)
0.436 (6.1) 0.295 (3.6) 0.469 (6.1)
0.324 (5.2) 0.220 (2.7) 0.331 (4.3)
Dikson
Winter (2207) Summer (2400) Equinox (2375)
0.553 (10.3) 0.548 (10.3) 0.557 (10.3) 0.519 (9.6) 0.254 (3.7) 0.252 (3.7) 0.255 (3.7) 0.228 (3.3) 0.538 (7.2) 0.508 (7.0) 0.526 (7.1) 0.453 (6.0)
Winter (1790) Summer (1734) Equinox (1757)
0.827 (11.0) 0.816 (11.2) 0.821 (11.2) 0.786 (10.7) 0.602 (9.4) 0.622 (9.5) 0.599 (9.4) 0.665 (10.6) 0.626 (6.4) 0.617 (6.4) 0.608 (6.3) 0.599 (6.4)
Kodai kanal
TABLE 3 Same as Table 2 for Annual Average, Distinct for three Diurnal Periods Station
Part of day
RESSN12
I%2
RI2
MF2
Daytime (3084) 0.482 (4.7) Boul Nighttime (3028) 0.307 (5.6) der Twilight (2021) 0.391 (4.8)
0.449 (4.3) 0.290 (5.3) 0.367 (4.4)
0.467 (4.4) 0.296 (5.4) 0.375 (4.5)
0.319 (3.3) 0.213 (4.4) 0.251 (3.4)
Mos cow
Daytime (2998) 0.480 (4.7) Nighttime (2897) 0.330 (7.0) Twilight (3585) 0.448 (5.3)
0.434 (4.1) 0.314 (6.7) 0.422 (4.8)
0.450 (4.2) 0.324 (6.9) 0.431 (4.9)
0.294 (2.6) 0.282 (6.3) 0.308 (3.6)
Dik son
Daytime (1705) 0.328 (3.8) 0.318 (3.6) 0.327 (3.6) 0.275 (3.0) Nighttime (1573) 0.503 (11.4) 0.503 (11.5) 0.500 (11.3) 0.481 (10.8) Twilight (3704) 0.502 (6.6) 0.481 (6.4) 0.499 (6.6) 0.439 (5.7)
Daytime (2271) 0.489 (3.9) 0.486 (4.0) 0.477 (3.9) 0.473 (3.9) Kodai Nighttime(2099) 0.906 (15.9) 0.904 (16.0) 0.894 (15.9) 0.905 (16.5) kanal Twilight (911) 0.550 (5.8) 0.552 (5.8) 0.554 (5.8) 0.548 (5.8) TABLE 4 Same as Table 2 for Annual Average, Distinct for three Solar Activity Groups Station
Mos cow
Solar activity.
RI2
IG12
RESSN12
ME2
R12 < 35 (2928) 0.265 (4.8) < 105 (2925) 0.456 (5.4) R,2 > 105 (2280) 0.462 (5.0)
0.236 (4.3) 0.447 (5.2) 0.417 (4.5)
0.236 (4.3) 0.450 (5.3) 0.452 (4.7)
0.212 (4.0) 0.256 (3.7) 0.334 (3.5)
R,2 < 35 (3072) 0.277 (5.5) 35 < R,2 < 105 (3240) 0.453 (5.9) R,2 > 105 (3168) 0.508 (5.4)
0.247 (4.9) 0.432 (5.5) 0.468 (5.0)
0.245 (4.9) 0.437 (5.7) 0.493 (5.2)
0.192 (4.1) 0.271 (4.2) 0.388 (4.0)
< 35 (1750) 0.341 (8.0) < 105 (2688) 0.474 (7.4) R,, > 105 (2544) 0.523 (5.9)
0.327 (7.7) 0.470 (7.3) 0.499 (5.9)
0.327 (7.7) 0.485 (7.4) 0.514 (5.9)
0.306 (7.2) 0.397 (6.2) 0.493 (5.5)
Kodai R,2 < 35 (1861) 0.544 (10.1) 0.568 (10.7) 0.564 (10.7) 0.577 (11.2) 35 < R,2 < 105 (2003) 0.771 (8.4) 0.750 (8.2) 0.756 (8.2) 0.730 (8.1) kanal R,2 > 105 (1417) 0.751 (8.3) 0.753 (8.2) 0.724 (7.9) 0.754 (8.3)
(2)199
Appendix D
TABLE 5 foF2 Mean Deviations (in MHz) During Rising Part of Cycle 22. (CCIR Forecast in Parenthesis) Station (lat long)
06UT
12UT
;268 (.866) .204 (.856) .412 (.586)
.142 (.437) .220 (.413) .271 (.467)
.317 (.460) .341 (.544) .320 (.776)
.181 (.564) .305 (.571) .440 (.454)
1:
.234 (.432) .232 (.472) .299 (.318)
.346 (.298) .420 (.455) .358 (.609)
.364 (.382) .487 (.452) .288 (.606)
.218 (.521) .255 (.501) .342 (.388)
12
.262 (.540) .238 (.527) -384 (.554)
.236 (-451) .429 (.644) .546 (.838)
,464 (.353) .626 (.496) .432 (.848)
-254 (.473) .215 (-533) .454 (.718)
.293 (-383) .375 (.529) ,556 (.908)
.364 (.209) ,394 (.498) .286 (.619)
.292 (.989) .417 (1.26) .362 (1.10)
.377 (.505) .323 (.674) .310 (.559)
St.Peterburg
3
(60N,30.7E)
1:
Moscow (55.5N,37.33)
3
Sverdlovsk (5667N,61.1E) Khabarovsk
18UT
OOUT
Months in advance
3
(48.5N,135.1E) 126
Adv.SpaceRcs.
Pergaam
APPENDIX D - A NEW IONOSPHERIC INDEX MF2 A. V. Mikhailov and V. V. Mikhailov
TABLE 1 Monthly Indices MF2 from 1957 to 1991 Year 1957
1958 1959 1960
1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991
I
II
11.79 11.20 10.75 9.65 6.85 5.07 4.86 4.59 4.48 4.77 6.80 8.51 7.28 7.79 7.11 6.20 5.56 4.64 4.94 4.43 4.56 5.78 8.93 9.21 8.64 9.05 7.43 5.80 4.90 4.70 4.43 5.61 9.22 9.70 10.60
12.12 11.68 11.37 10.38 7.10 5.67 5.14 5.17 5.16 5.25 8.09 9.22 8.84 9.57 8.04 7.48 6.30 4.94 4.52 4.59 5.38 7.67 11.38 10.53 10.82 10.40 7.80 6.81 5.17 4.88 4.93 5.78 11.37 10.09 11.33
III
IV
12.75 12.72 12.90 12.68 12.19 11.55 10.54 9.56 8.03 7.63 6.59 6.53 5.74 6.18 6.04 5.96 5.93 6.15 6.02 6.83 10.14 10.09 9.92 9.73 10.92.10.41 10.66 10.69 8.94 8.30 9.86 9.14 6.57 6.57 5.75 6.22 5.42 5.43 5.34 6.01 6.01 6.08 9.36 8.98 12.32 10.45 12.03 11.67 12.55 11.76 11.88 10.77 8.16 7.60 8.31 7.35 5.40 5.69 5.66 6.07 5.40 6.35 7.33 8.54 11.98 11.10 11.00 10.61 12.35 11.20
V
VI
VII
9.87 9.86 9.59 10.50 9.52 9.26 10.58 9.66 8.91 9.36 8.72 8.54 7.59 7.70 7.23 7.43 6.96 6.45 6.59 6.67 6.20 5.96 6.08 5.71 6.27 6.40 6.15 7.35 7.33 7.25 8.51 7.88 8.13 9.24 8.46 8.24 9.33 8.73 8.30 9.84 8.92 8.66 7.79 7.60 7.37 8.61 8.44 8.23 7.24 6.96 6.49 6.71 6.61 6.43 5.91 6.07 5.93 6.29 6.28 5.87 6.66 6.94 6.51 8.86 8.54 8.56 10.43 9.45 8.74 11.03 10.03 9.40 10.91 9.75 8.87 9.88 8.67 7.94 8.81 8.34 7.83 7.77 7.36 6.65 6.15 6.21 5.95 6.15 5.89 5.82 6.93 6.46 6.04 8.05 8.22 7.50 10.07 9.43 10.20 9.88 8.83 9.02 10.01 9.94 9.90
VIII 9.32 9.76 9.07 8.36 7.44 5.78 5.78 5.41 5.75 6.90 8.09 8.11 8.25 8.11 6.67 7.66 6.18 5.87 5.81 5.68 6.14 7.74 9.00 9.15 9.06 7.88 7.49 6.03 5.53 5.29 6.13 7.83 9.07 8.66 9.94
IX 10.85 11.49 9.89 9.68 7.01 5.94 5.56 5.45 5.49 6.64 8.67 8.49 8.76 9.09 7.21 8.33 6.55 5.72 6.07 5.55 6.15 8.87 10.23 10.00 11.16 8.69 7.18 5.77 5.45 5.24 5.82 8.98 10.69 10.32 10.47
x 12.74 12.85 10.79 9.87 7.36 6.19 6.20 5.61 6.31 7.80 9.84 9.93 9.72 10.01 7.49 8.63 6.71 6.83 6.35 6.16 7.21 10.66 12.52 11.80 12.15 10.80 8.25 5.85 5.90 6.15 6.70 10.95 12.05 10.97 10.25
XI
XII
12.41 10.87 11.82 9.80 10.28 8.28 9.65 7.32 6.45 5.01 6.07 4.49 5.82 4.23 5.12 4.19 5.83 4.21 7.25 5.68 8.62 7.49 8.59 7.59 8.93 6.66 9.85 7.14 7.29 5.80 7.14 5.24 5.87 4.52 5.98 4.60 5.47 4.19 5.06 4.30 6.48 5.19 9.38 7.78 11.54 9.52 11.29 9.62 11.66 9.15 10.02 8.37 7.30 5.57 5.45 4.60 5.37 4.33 5.48 4.44 7.00 5.25 9.81 8.59 11.97 9.62 9.59 9.44 9.40 9.49
A.V.Mikhailov and V.V.Mikhailov
(2)198
TABLE 2 Diurnal Average e/MHz (and 6 in %) to the Regressions of foF2 with Different Activity Indices, for three distinct seasons (number of cases noted as third column) Station
Season
RI2
IGl2
RESSN12
MF2
Winter (2736) Boulder Summer (2760) Equinox (2637)
0.435 ( 5.2) 0.276 ( 4.0) 0.470 ( 6.0)
0.417 (5.1) 0.250 (3.6) 0.436 (5.5)
0.416 (5.1) 0.263 (3.7) 0.459 (5.6)
0.279 (4.1) 0.219 (3.2) 0.298 (3.9)
Moscow
Winter (3144) Summer (3168) Equinox (3168)
0.444 (6.1) 0.318 ( 4.0) 0.497 ( 6.7)
0.429 (6.0) 0.294 (3.6) 0.447 (5.9)
0.436 (6.1) 0.295 (3.6) 0.469 (6.1)
0.324 (5.2) 0.220 (2.7) 0.331 (4.3)
Dikson
Winter (2207) Summer (2400) Equinox (2375)
0.553 (10.3) 0.548 (10.3) 0.557 (10.3) 0.519 (9.6) 0.254 (3.7) 0.252 (3.7) 0.255 (3.7) 0.228 (3.3) 0.538 (7.2) 0.508 (7.0) 0.526 (7.1) 0.453 (6.0)
Winter (1790) Summer (1734) Equinox (1757)
0.827 (11.0) 0.816 (11.2) 0.821 (11.2) 0.786 (10.7) 0.602 (9.4) 0.622 (9.5) 0.599 (9.4) 0.665 (10.6) 0.626 (6.4) 0.617 (6.4) 0.608 (6.3) 0.599 (6.4)
Kodai kanal
TABLE 3 Same as Table 2 for Annual Average, Distinct for three Diurnal Periods Station
Part of day
RESSN12
I%2
RI2
MF2
Daytime (3084) 0.482 (4.7) Boul Nighttime (3028) 0.307 (5.6) der Twilight (2021) 0.391 (4.8)
0.449 (4.3) 0.290 (5.3) 0.367 (4.4)
0.467 (4.4) 0.296 (5.4) 0.375 (4.5)
0.319 (3.3) 0.213 (4.4) 0.251 (3.4)
Mos cow
Daytime (2998) 0.480 (4.7) Nighttime (2897) 0.330 (7.0) Twilight (3585) 0.448 (5.3)
0.434 (4.1) 0.314 (6.7) 0.422 (4.8)
0.450 (4.2) 0.324 (6.9) 0.431 (4.9)
0.294 (2.6) 0.282 (6.3) 0.308 (3.6)
Dik son
Daytime (1705) 0.328 (3.8) 0.318 (3.6) 0.327 (3.6) 0.275 (3.0) Nighttime (1573) 0.503 (11.4) 0.503 (11.5) 0.500 (11.3) 0.481 (10.8) Twilight (3704) 0.502 (6.6) 0.481 (6.4) 0.499 (6.6) 0.439 (5.7)
Daytime (2271) 0.489 (3.9) 0.486 (4.0) 0.477 (3.9) 0.473 (3.9) Kodai Nighttime(2099) 0.906 (15.9) 0.904 (16.0) 0.894 (15.9) 0.905 (16.5) kanal Twilight (911) 0.550 (5.8) 0.552 (5.8) 0.554 (5.8) 0.548 (5.8) TABLE 4 Same as Table 2 for Annual Average, Distinct for three Solar Activity Groups Station
Mos cow
Solar activity.
RI2
IG12
RESSN12
ME2
R12 < 35 (2928) 0.265 (4.8) < 105 (2925) 0.456 (5.4) R,2 > 105 (2280) 0.462 (5.0)
0.236 (4.3) 0.447 (5.2) 0.417 (4.5)
0.236 (4.3) 0.450 (5.3) 0.452 (4.7)
0.212 (4.0) 0.256 (3.7) 0.334 (3.5)
R,2 < 35 (3072) 0.277 (5.5) 35 < R,2 < 105 (3240) 0.453 (5.9) R,2 > 105 (3168) 0.508 (5.4)
0.247 (4.9) 0.432 (5.5) 0.468 (5.0)
0.245 (4.9) 0.437 (5.7) 0.493 (5.2)
0.192 (4.1) 0.271 (4.2) 0.388 (4.0)
< 35 (1750) 0.341 (8.0) < 105 (2688) 0.474 (7.4) R,, > 105 (2544) 0.523 (5.9)
0.327 (7.7) 0.470 (7.3) 0.499 (5.9)
0.327 (7.7) 0.485 (7.4) 0.514 (5.9)
0.306 (7.2) 0.397 (6.2) 0.493 (5.5)
Kodai R,2 < 35 (1861) 0.544 (10.1) 0.568 (10.7) 0.564 (10.7) 0.577 (11.2) 35 < R,2 < 105 (2003) 0.771 (8.4) 0.750 (8.2) 0.756 (8.2) 0.730 (8.1) kanal R,2 > 105 (1417) 0.751 (8.3) 0.753 (8.2) 0.724 (7.9) 0.754 (8.3)
(2)199
Appendix D
TABLE 5 foF2 Mean Deviations (in MHz) During Rising Part of Cycle 22. (CCIR Forecast in Parenthesis) Station (lat long)
06UT
12UT
;268 (.866) .204 (.856) .412 (.586)
.142 (.437) .220 (.413) .271 (.467)
.317 (.460) .341 (.544) .320 (.776)
.181 (.564) .305 (.571) .440 (.454)
1:
.234 (.432) .232 (.472) .299 (.318)
.346 (.298) .420 (.455) .358 (.609)
.364 (.382) .487 (.452) .288 (.606)
.218 (.521) .255 (.501) .342 (.388)
12
.262 (.540) .238 (.527) -384 (.554)
.236 (-451) .429 (.644) .546 (.838)
,464 (.353) .626 (.496) .432 (.848)
-254 (.473) .215 (-533) .454 (.718)
.293 (-383) .375 (.529) ,556 (.908)
.364 (.209) ,394 (.498) .286 (.619)
.292 (.989) .417 (1.26) .362 (1.10)
.377 (.505) .323 (.674) .310 (.559)
St.Peterburg
3
(60N,30.7E)
1:
Moscow (55.5N,37.33)
3
Sverdlovsk (5667N,61.1E) Khabarovsk
18UT
OOUT
Months in advance
3
(48.5N,135.1E) 126