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Application of ground penetrating radar in underground coal mine (in Chinese)
EXCAVATIONS:MINES & QUARRIES The present article opens a series of publications devoted to the problem of mining steep coal beds and which are the result of the author's many years of investigations. The materials include a study of the mechanism of moving of the undermined mass, investigation of the change in rock pressure depending on mining and geological factors, including with increase of depth of mining operations, evaluation of the technologies and means of mechanization being used with respect to geomechanical conditions, scientific and technical substantiation of new technologies and means of large-scale mechanization, pilot-scale tests, and recommendations on the further improvement of technologies and equipment for mining steep beds. (from Journal translation)
965352 Quantifying the cost of dilution in underground mines R. C. Pakalnis, R. Poulin & J. Hadjigeorgiou, Mining Engineering, 47(12), 1995, pp 1136-1141. Approximately 51% of all ore production in Canadian underground metal mines is derived directly from open-stope operations. This method requires that large excavations remain open until the ore is extracted with a minimum acceptable level of dilution. A survey of underground mines in 1988 reported that a major factor in their closure was uncontrolled dilution. It has been reported that 40% of openstope operations were experiencing dilution in excess of 20%. This paper reports on the various definitions of dilution, on the methods of stope design that are presently used with the objective of reducing dilution and on a recently available survey technique that enables dilution to be quantified. (from Authors) 965353 Application of ground penetrating radar in underground coal mine (in Chinese) Zhang Jincai & Ru Ruidian, Journal - China Coal Society, 20(5), 1995, pp 479-484. The penetration ability of a radar wave is an important index for evaluating the application of radar in an underground mine. Pentration ability depends on attenuation coefficient of electro-magnetic wave in media. The smaller the attenuation coefficient, the greater the penetration ability of radar wave is. The attenuation coefficient increases with the increase of medium conductivity. The media in underground mine are coal seam, sandstone, shale, limestone of low conductivity. Their attenuation coefficients are small and radar waves have high penetration ability in these rocks. Theoretically, it is feasible to use GPR underground. Examples are given to describe a filtering method to eliminate underground interference and selection of filtering parameters. (from English summary) %5354 Longwalls aid productivity in Appalachian coal mining S. L. Bessinger, Mining Engineering, 47(12), 1995, pp 11031106. The need for improved safety and productivity brought about the introduction of longwall mining to the Appalachian coal fields. Current initiatives to improve productivity and safety are focused on automatiof~ and the effects of scale in equipment design. Longwall roof-supports, shearers and face-conveyors have changed significantly. Panel layouts have evolved to include larger total tonnages and provide for more rapid development of gate-entries. These advancemerits have improved longwall productivity and new production records are continually being set. (from Author) 965355 The anthracite smokers of eastern Pennsylvania: Ps2(s)-T stability diagram by TL analysis G. B. Stracher, Mathematical Geology, 27(4), 1995, pp 499511. Coal seams and culm banks associated with mine fires in the anthracite region of eastern Pennsylvania have been burning
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for decades. Many of the fires may have ignited by spontaneous combustion or by the burning of trash. Minerals associated with the combustion of anthracite form by the condensation of gas exhaled through surficial gas vents or 'anthracite smokers.' A Pressure-Temperature (P-T) stability diagram is constructed for the condensation of orthorhombic sulfur from anthracite gas using 'Thermodynamic Loop Analysis' (TL analysis). This method of analyzing chemical systems incorporates Kirehhoff's Law into a four step procedure structured around a closed thermodynamic cycle or 'thermodynamic loop'. (from Author)
965356 A history of mining in the Bathurst area, northern New Brunswick, Canada W. M. Luff, CIM Bulletin, 88(994), 1995, pp 63-68. The Bathurst area has recorded mining production as early as 1837, mainly from the well-known massive sulphide deposits, but vein, gossan, and a variety of other deposits have also been mined. A number of 'firsts' have been noted in the Bathurst area. The A Zone deposit, located in the Heath Steele area, was the first in the world discovered using airborne electromagnetic methods. Heap leaching of gold from the gossan zone at Caribou was the first operation of its kind in Canada. The Keymet mine was the first base metal (lead-zinc) mine in New Brunswick. For the past few years. The Brunswick No. 12 mine has been one of the largest zinc mines in the world. (from Author) 965357 Polish lignite mine provides major source of power ANON, Coal International, 243(6), 1995, pp 222-223. This short feature describes the Belchatow opencast mining operation in Poland. The pit supplies coal for a 4320 MW power plant which produces 20% of the country's energy. (Author) 965358 Developing a property offshore: the Omal Gold Mines story G. H. Veillette, CIM Bulletin, 88(993), 1995, pp 53-58. Omal Gold Mines Ltd. is the operator of a large-scale open pit gold mining operation located in Guyana, South America. The remote location of the mine requires an extensive logistics support to ensure .adequate material supplies. This paper describes the mine construction, its commissioning and the current operations, putting the emphasis on the logistical problems enountered in mine development in a developing country as compared to North American operations. (from Author) 965359 Assessment of the prospects of development of in situ coal gasification in the Kuznetsk Basin A. A. Myasnikov & S. N. Lazarenko, Journal of Mining Science, 31(2), 1995, pp 144-146; translated from: FizikoTekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Polezynkh Iskopaemykh, 2, 1995, pp 73-76. An analysis of the prospects of development of the ICG in situ coal gasification method in the Kuzbas provides for a study of the given problem in economic, geological, and ecological aspects. An analysis of the cost effectiveness and expediency of developing the ICG method in the Kuzbas presumes first of all a detailed study of the fuel balance of the Kuznetsk basin, a comparison of the coal and gas components of this balance, and determination of the gaseous fuel (which the gas of ICG is) requirement of enterprises of the Kuzbas. The total fuel consumption in the Kemerovo region in 1990 was 19.7 million tons standard fuel, of which coal fuel was 16.7 million tons standard fuel. Retention of the primary use of solid fuel is anticipated in the near future in the fuel balance of Siberia, including in the Kemerovo region. (from Journal translation)
965352 Quantifying the cost of dilution in underground mines R. C. Pakalnis, R. Poulin & J. Hadjigeorgiou, Mining Engineering, 47(12), 1995, pp 1136-1141. Approximately 51% of all ore production in Canadian underground metal mines is derived directly from open-stope operations. This method requires that large excavations remain open until the ore is extracted with a minimum acceptable level of dilution. A survey of underground mines in 1988 reported that a major factor in their closure was uncontrolled dilution. It has been reported that 40% of openstope operations were experiencing dilution in excess of 20%. This paper reports on the various definitions of dilution, on the methods of stope design that are presently used with the objective of reducing dilution and on a recently available survey technique that enables dilution to be quantified. (from Authors) 965353 Application of ground penetrating radar in underground coal mine (in Chinese) Zhang Jincai & Ru Ruidian, Journal - China Coal Society, 20(5), 1995, pp 479-484. The penetration ability of a radar wave is an important index for evaluating the application of radar in an underground mine. Pentration ability depends on attenuation coefficient of electro-magnetic wave in media. The smaller the attenuation coefficient, the greater the penetration ability of radar wave is. The attenuation coefficient increases with the increase of medium conductivity. The media in underground mine are coal seam, sandstone, shale, limestone of low conductivity. Their attenuation coefficients are small and radar waves have high penetration ability in these rocks. Theoretically, it is feasible to use GPR underground. Examples are given to describe a filtering method to eliminate underground interference and selection of filtering parameters. (from English summary) %5354 Longwalls aid productivity in Appalachian coal mining S. L. Bessinger, Mining Engineering, 47(12), 1995, pp 11031106. The need for improved safety and productivity brought about the introduction of longwall mining to the Appalachian coal fields. Current initiatives to improve productivity and safety are focused on automatiof~ and the effects of scale in equipment design. Longwall roof-supports, shearers and face-conveyors have changed significantly. Panel layouts have evolved to include larger total tonnages and provide for more rapid development of gate-entries. These advancemerits have improved longwall productivity and new production records are continually being set. (from Author) 965355 The anthracite smokers of eastern Pennsylvania: Ps2(s)-T stability diagram by TL analysis G. B. Stracher, Mathematical Geology, 27(4), 1995, pp 499511. Coal seams and culm banks associated with mine fires in the anthracite region of eastern Pennsylvania have been burning
233A
for decades. Many of the fires may have ignited by spontaneous combustion or by the burning of trash. Minerals associated with the combustion of anthracite form by the condensation of gas exhaled through surficial gas vents or 'anthracite smokers.' A Pressure-Temperature (P-T) stability diagram is constructed for the condensation of orthorhombic sulfur from anthracite gas using 'Thermodynamic Loop Analysis' (TL analysis). This method of analyzing chemical systems incorporates Kirehhoff's Law into a four step procedure structured around a closed thermodynamic cycle or 'thermodynamic loop'. (from Author)
965356 A history of mining in the Bathurst area, northern New Brunswick, Canada W. M. Luff, CIM Bulletin, 88(994), 1995, pp 63-68. The Bathurst area has recorded mining production as early as 1837, mainly from the well-known massive sulphide deposits, but vein, gossan, and a variety of other deposits have also been mined. A number of 'firsts' have been noted in the Bathurst area. The A Zone deposit, located in the Heath Steele area, was the first in the world discovered using airborne electromagnetic methods. Heap leaching of gold from the gossan zone at Caribou was the first operation of its kind in Canada. The Keymet mine was the first base metal (lead-zinc) mine in New Brunswick. For the past few years. The Brunswick No. 12 mine has been one of the largest zinc mines in the world. (from Author) 965357 Polish lignite mine provides major source of power ANON, Coal International, 243(6), 1995, pp 222-223. This short feature describes the Belchatow opencast mining operation in Poland. The pit supplies coal for a 4320 MW power plant which produces 20% of the country's energy. (Author) 965358 Developing a property offshore: the Omal Gold Mines story G. H. Veillette, CIM Bulletin, 88(993), 1995, pp 53-58. Omal Gold Mines Ltd. is the operator of a large-scale open pit gold mining operation located in Guyana, South America. The remote location of the mine requires an extensive logistics support to ensure .adequate material supplies. This paper describes the mine construction, its commissioning and the current operations, putting the emphasis on the logistical problems enountered in mine development in a developing country as compared to North American operations. (from Author) 965359 Assessment of the prospects of development of in situ coal gasification in the Kuznetsk Basin A. A. Myasnikov & S. N. Lazarenko, Journal of Mining Science, 31(2), 1995, pp 144-146; translated from: FizikoTekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Polezynkh Iskopaemykh, 2, 1995, pp 73-76. An analysis of the prospects of development of the ICG in situ coal gasification method in the Kuzbas provides for a study of the given problem in economic, geological, and ecological aspects. An analysis of the cost effectiveness and expediency of developing the ICG method in the Kuzbas presumes first of all a detailed study of the fuel balance of the Kuznetsk basin, a comparison of the coal and gas components of this balance, and determination of the gaseous fuel (which the gas of ICG is) requirement of enterprises of the Kuzbas. The total fuel consumption in the Kemerovo region in 1990 was 19.7 million tons standard fuel, of which coal fuel was 16.7 million tons standard fuel. Retention of the primary use of solid fuel is anticipated in the near future in the fuel balance of Siberia, including in the Kemerovo region. (from Journal translation)