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Ground penetrating radar for identification of mine tunnels and abandoned mine stopes
EXCAVATIONS:LANDFILLS
93A
15 months to avoid problems of basalt exposure and degradation. Tunnelling work was carried out through the basalt hard rock and dolerite intrusions using three TBMs. (P.M.Taylor)
Current regulations specifically address Karst tvrranes. The following paragraphs detail the requirements that must be satisfied when landfill facilities are proposed within karst terranes. (from Author)
962367
962371 Site investigation, monitoring, and successful landfill dosure within a karat terrain P. J. Hall, A. J. McCusker & C. T. Bingham, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 189-194. The landfill occurs within a mature dolomite karst system which includes numerous sinkholes, springs, cave systems, and gaining]losing stream areas. The investigation and closure of this site was conducted utilizing a set of innovative techniques including fracture trace analysis, natural-potential and azimuthal resistivity surveys, regional potentiometric data analysis, structural information, stream/spring gauging, monitoring well installations, and dye-tracing studies. Wellconnected karst conduits were determined to be the structural features controlling the movement of groundwater in the vicinity of the landfill. Final landfill closure includes seep remediation, and landfill cap, closure of the on-site sinkhole, and monitoring. (from Authors)
Tuunemngthrough the young Himalayas - a case history of the Maneri-Uttarknshi power tunnel R. K. Goel, J. L. Jethwa & A. G. Paithankar, Engineering Geology, 39(1-2), 1995, pp 31-44. A 8.56-km long circular tunnel with a finished diameter of 4.75 m has been constructed for the Maneri hydel (hydroelectric) project on the River Bhaglrathi. The tunnel passes through quartzitic and metabasic rock formations of the young Himalayas. The tunnel excavation was accomplished from four headings, one from the upstream end at Maneri, two from an intermediate adit at Hcena, and one from the downstream end near Uttaxkashi where an 80 MW power house is located. Problems of tunnel face collapse, with or without heavy ingress of water, cavity formation and large tunnel closures leading to buckling of steel ribs on account of squeezing ground conditions were encountered. Methods to combat these problems are described. (from Authors)
Mines and quarries 962368 Ground penetrating radar for identification of mine tunnels and abandoned mine stopos T. Fenner, Mining Engineering, 47(3), 1995, pp 280-284. Surface and underground mining operations are often hindered by unknown tunnels and stopes and the precise locations of adjacent workings. Mine safety and planning are adversely affected especially in previously undermined areas where historical records are incomplete or nonexistent. The results of several ground penetrating radar (GPR) studies for the detection of known mine tunnels in underground coal, salt and gold mines are presented. A case study to locate unknown, abandoned mine workings at a surface gold mine successfully located all workings to a depth of 11 m. (Author) 962369 Glory hole project J. Goldberg & D. Dergantz, Rock Products, 98(8), 1995, pp 40-42. An additional 12.5 acres of potential limestone reserves were purchased by Material Service Corp. in 1992 to extend the reserves of its Federal Quarry. The parcel is located south of an existing 300-ft highwall. Residences, along with critical structures, are located as close as 65 ft from the proposed mining perimeter. These unique concerns gave rise to the glory hole concept as being the most efficient way to mine the newly acquired reserves. The close proximity of homes, an underground water reservoir, and a Federal Aviation Administration radar facility along the proposed perimeter necessitated the need for a small-hole, short-bench type of operation. The decision was made to mine the areaJn 30-ft benches to obtain the maximum amount of control from the blasting program. Previously, the mine operated with five, 50-ton haul trucks and two front-end loaders for quarry production. The new design for the 12.5 acres locates a glory hole in the center of the reserves, providing an ore pass connecting the surface quarry to the underground processing equipment. (from Authors)
Landfills 962370 Carbonate rock investigation guidance policy for siting landfills in karst areas in Tennessee J. K. House, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 511-515.
962372 Is closure-in-place a suitable remedy for unlined landfills in sinkholes? M. M. Valentin, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karat terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 249-254. The suitability of closure-in-place, which entails leaving the waste in place permanently, should be questioned. Lemon Lane Landfill is a four hectare, 500 000 cubic yard hazardous waste landfill on the National Priorities List. It was built in a 10-meter deep compound sinkhole situated in the karst terrain of the Mitchell Plain in southern Indiana, and is currently a candidate for ciosure-in-place. The complex hydrogeology is described to illustrate the complex flow regimes that can accompany landfills built on sinkholes. (from Author) 962373 Cap reinforcement over a sinkhole as part of a landfill closure M. J. Stelmack, T. Sheridan & B. F. Beck, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 389-395. Engineering analyses indicate that a reinforcing system incorporating a 2-layer gengrid will be adequate to protect the landfill cap from damage resulting from settlement. The resulting design was included in the overall landfill closure construction drawings. Field measurements to detect potential vertical subsidence at the sinkhole will be performed as part of the landfill post-closure program. (from Authors) 962374 The effect of constant anisotropy on capillary barrier performance J. C. Stormont, Water Resources Research, 31(3), 1995, pp 783-785. Ross' solution for the divergence capacity of a capillary barrier is modified to incorporate constant hydraulic conductivity anisotropy of the fine layer. The solutions for divergence capacity and length have two terms. The first term, similar to the solution of Ross, represents the diversion due to the presence of the capillary barrier and is proportional to the hydraulic conductivity parallel to the contact. The second term, which arises from infiltration into an anisotropic medium independent of the capillary barrier, is a function of the fine layer thickness and will be small for engineered barriers. Thus an anisotropic fine layer with a greater hydraulic conductivity in the direction parallel to the finecoarse contact will extend the performance of a capillary
93A
15 months to avoid problems of basalt exposure and degradation. Tunnelling work was carried out through the basalt hard rock and dolerite intrusions using three TBMs. (P.M.Taylor)
Current regulations specifically address Karst tvrranes. The following paragraphs detail the requirements that must be satisfied when landfill facilities are proposed within karst terranes. (from Author)
962367
962371 Site investigation, monitoring, and successful landfill dosure within a karat terrain P. J. Hall, A. J. McCusker & C. T. Bingham, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 189-194. The landfill occurs within a mature dolomite karst system which includes numerous sinkholes, springs, cave systems, and gaining]losing stream areas. The investigation and closure of this site was conducted utilizing a set of innovative techniques including fracture trace analysis, natural-potential and azimuthal resistivity surveys, regional potentiometric data analysis, structural information, stream/spring gauging, monitoring well installations, and dye-tracing studies. Wellconnected karst conduits were determined to be the structural features controlling the movement of groundwater in the vicinity of the landfill. Final landfill closure includes seep remediation, and landfill cap, closure of the on-site sinkhole, and monitoring. (from Authors)
Tuunemngthrough the young Himalayas - a case history of the Maneri-Uttarknshi power tunnel R. K. Goel, J. L. Jethwa & A. G. Paithankar, Engineering Geology, 39(1-2), 1995, pp 31-44. A 8.56-km long circular tunnel with a finished diameter of 4.75 m has been constructed for the Maneri hydel (hydroelectric) project on the River Bhaglrathi. The tunnel passes through quartzitic and metabasic rock formations of the young Himalayas. The tunnel excavation was accomplished from four headings, one from the upstream end at Maneri, two from an intermediate adit at Hcena, and one from the downstream end near Uttaxkashi where an 80 MW power house is located. Problems of tunnel face collapse, with or without heavy ingress of water, cavity formation and large tunnel closures leading to buckling of steel ribs on account of squeezing ground conditions were encountered. Methods to combat these problems are described. (from Authors)
Mines and quarries 962368 Ground penetrating radar for identification of mine tunnels and abandoned mine stopos T. Fenner, Mining Engineering, 47(3), 1995, pp 280-284. Surface and underground mining operations are often hindered by unknown tunnels and stopes and the precise locations of adjacent workings. Mine safety and planning are adversely affected especially in previously undermined areas where historical records are incomplete or nonexistent. The results of several ground penetrating radar (GPR) studies for the detection of known mine tunnels in underground coal, salt and gold mines are presented. A case study to locate unknown, abandoned mine workings at a surface gold mine successfully located all workings to a depth of 11 m. (Author) 962369 Glory hole project J. Goldberg & D. Dergantz, Rock Products, 98(8), 1995, pp 40-42. An additional 12.5 acres of potential limestone reserves were purchased by Material Service Corp. in 1992 to extend the reserves of its Federal Quarry. The parcel is located south of an existing 300-ft highwall. Residences, along with critical structures, are located as close as 65 ft from the proposed mining perimeter. These unique concerns gave rise to the glory hole concept as being the most efficient way to mine the newly acquired reserves. The close proximity of homes, an underground water reservoir, and a Federal Aviation Administration radar facility along the proposed perimeter necessitated the need for a small-hole, short-bench type of operation. The decision was made to mine the areaJn 30-ft benches to obtain the maximum amount of control from the blasting program. Previously, the mine operated with five, 50-ton haul trucks and two front-end loaders for quarry production. The new design for the 12.5 acres locates a glory hole in the center of the reserves, providing an ore pass connecting the surface quarry to the underground processing equipment. (from Authors)
Landfills 962370 Carbonate rock investigation guidance policy for siting landfills in karst areas in Tennessee J. K. House, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 511-515.
962372 Is closure-in-place a suitable remedy for unlined landfills in sinkholes? M. M. Valentin, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karat terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 249-254. The suitability of closure-in-place, which entails leaving the waste in place permanently, should be questioned. Lemon Lane Landfill is a four hectare, 500 000 cubic yard hazardous waste landfill on the National Priorities List. It was built in a 10-meter deep compound sinkhole situated in the karst terrain of the Mitchell Plain in southern Indiana, and is currently a candidate for ciosure-in-place. The complex hydrogeology is described to illustrate the complex flow regimes that can accompany landfills built on sinkholes. (from Author) 962373 Cap reinforcement over a sinkhole as part of a landfill closure M. J. Stelmack, T. Sheridan & B. F. Beck, in: Karst geohazards: engineering and environmental problems in karst terrane. Proc. 5th conference, Gatlinburg 1995, ed B.F. Beck, (Balkema), 1995, pp 389-395. Engineering analyses indicate that a reinforcing system incorporating a 2-layer gengrid will be adequate to protect the landfill cap from damage resulting from settlement. The resulting design was included in the overall landfill closure construction drawings. Field measurements to detect potential vertical subsidence at the sinkhole will be performed as part of the landfill post-closure program. (from Authors) 962374 The effect of constant anisotropy on capillary barrier performance J. C. Stormont, Water Resources Research, 31(3), 1995, pp 783-785. Ross' solution for the divergence capacity of a capillary barrier is modified to incorporate constant hydraulic conductivity anisotropy of the fine layer. The solutions for divergence capacity and length have two terms. The first term, similar to the solution of Ross, represents the diversion due to the presence of the capillary barrier and is proportional to the hydraulic conductivity parallel to the contact. The second term, which arises from infiltration into an anisotropic medium independent of the capillary barrier, is a function of the fine layer thickness and will be small for engineered barriers. Thus an anisotropic fine layer with a greater hydraulic conductivity in the direction parallel to the finecoarse contact will extend the performance of a capillary