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Asean initiatives in renewable energy development and promotion
PERGAMON
Renewable Energy 16 (1999) 1187-I 189
ASEAN INITIATIVES IN RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION Baharudin Bin Yatim Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical & Applied Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT The ASEAN countries entered into an Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. In 1995 the NRSE SubSector Network was established under this Agreement. The NRSE Sub-Sector Network is charged with developing NRSE manufacturing capability within ASEAN and promoting trade in NRSE products and services in the region. The Network seeks international cooperation in carrying out its activities. 0 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS NRSE, manufacturing, products and services, international cooperation.
ASEAN ENERGY COOPERATION
AGREEMENT
The ASEAN member countries entered into an Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. The objectives of the ASEAN Energy Cooperation Agreement are: l
. l
l
l
to coordinate and enhance the implementation of energy cooperation programmes; to develop and promote ways and means to popularize the use of indigenous energy sources for fuel and generating purposes; to strengthen existing regional institutions related to energy activities through the sharing of existing regional facilities or centers of excellence for energy training and research, to establish an ASEAN policy framework and to encourage regular exchange of information on the formulation and implementation of energy policies; to promote sustainable self-supporting ASEAN cooperation activities to address issues of common concern.
0960-1481/99/$-see front matter 0 1998 Elsevier PII: SO960-l48l(98)00470-4
Science
Ltd. All rights reserved.
WREC 1998
1188
THE ASEAN NRSE SUB-SECTOR NETWORK The member countries of Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) entered into an ASEAN Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. In the early years activities under this agreement covered only the conventional energy systems, oil and gas and electricity. The New and Renewable Sources of Energy (NRSE) Sub-Sector was established under this agreement in 1995. This Sub-Sector was charged with carrying out programmes and activities promoting the development and commercialisation of technologies utilising new and renewable sources of energy. Activities of this Sub-Sector are organised through a Network. The Network has the twin objectives of promoting the development of manufacturing capabilities of NRSE technologies in ASEAN and the promotion of trade in NRSE technologies and services between ASEAN member countries. The current members of the Network are Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam. The ASEAN-EC Energy Management and Training Center (AEEMTRC) in Jakarta is also represented in the Network. AEEMTRC plays an important role in providing links between the Network and the EC and other dialogue partners, FUNCTION AND ACTIVITIES
OF THE NETWORK
The NRSE Sub-Sector was established because renewable forms of energy sources such as hydropower , biomass and woodbased energy, solar, wind and geothermal energy are present and exploited in the region. Although the resources potential are enormous, the actual realisation of this potential is not optimised and the scope for increased contribution from NRSE is believed to be large. The function of the ASEAN NRSE Sub-sector Network is in line with the objectives of the Cooperation Agreement, in respect of new and renewable energy sources and technologies. For the medium term (1995-l 999) the main thrusts of the Network are: l
.
Development of ASEAN manufacturing capabilities in NRSE technologies; Promotion of intra-ASEAN trade in NRSE products and services.
Activities related to the above tasks are: . conducting of training courses and workshops; . conducting of studies on ways and means of promoting development of NRSE industry and regional trade in NRSE products and services; l formulation of common standards for NRSE products and services; . compilation of a directory of ASEAN manufacturers and suppliers of NRSE products and services.
PROGRESS m. out . . . .
The Network has identified a number of courses and workshops which are desired to be carried in this activity. Some of these are: Project development for PV based rural electrification; Management training on renewable energy; Accreditation and training of PV Technicians; Appreciation Course on new and renewable energy for bankers, project developers, NGOs, etc.
WREC
195’8
1189
Conducting of training courses require input of experts and funding. Since the Network is run on zero budget basis, this activity quite difficult to accomplish. To date we have been able to conduct in May, 1998 the Appreciation Course on new and renewable energy for bankers, project developers, NGOs, etc. S&d&s Some of the studies initiated by the Network are: l Intra-ASEAN market flows of manufactured NRSE products and services; l Development of infrastructure for wind energy; l Analysis of the energy potential from incineration of municipal solid wastes in big cities. The first study was completed in 1997. The others are still on going. Pormulation of Star&&: The Network realised the need for harmonization of standards of NRSE technologies manufactured in ASEAN countries to facilitate flow of trade in these technologies within ASEAN unless the technology is manufactured according to a recognised international standard. The following technologies have been identified for standards harmonisation: photovoltaic, wind, solar water heater, biomass cogeneration, biomass gasitier and micro hydro. Some of the work that have been achieved are on solar water heater, photovoltaic and emission for gasifter. ory of NRSE manufacturers: The first edition of the Directory was produced in 1996. It is not as comprehensive as desired. The Network is in the process of updating the information and producing the second edition.
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
The Network objective of developing manufacturing capability of NRSE products necessarily involves the importation of technologies and know-how from outside ASEAN. In this respect the Network actively seeks cooperation with government or international agencies as well as the private sector for transfer of technology and funding of projects. Currently the Network is working closely through AEEMTRC with a consortium from the European Union on the PRESSEA project. The Network is seeking for more such cooperation, either to carry out our proposed activities or new activities which will benefit the member countries,
CONCLUSIONS The ASEAN NRSE Sub-Sector Network industry in the region. NRSE such as hydro, and have been exploited to. some extent. contribute to energy sustainability and the and manpower development is essential.
was established to promote the development of the NRSE biomass, solar, wind and geothermal are available in the region Development of technologies utilising these resources will environment. International cooperation in technology transfer
Renewable Energy 16 (1999) 1187-I 189
ASEAN INITIATIVES IN RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND PROMOTION Baharudin Bin Yatim Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical & Applied Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT The ASEAN countries entered into an Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. In 1995 the NRSE SubSector Network was established under this Agreement. The NRSE Sub-Sector Network is charged with developing NRSE manufacturing capability within ASEAN and promoting trade in NRSE products and services in the region. The Network seeks international cooperation in carrying out its activities. 0 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS NRSE, manufacturing, products and services, international cooperation.
ASEAN ENERGY COOPERATION
AGREEMENT
The ASEAN member countries entered into an Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. The objectives of the ASEAN Energy Cooperation Agreement are: l
. l
l
l
to coordinate and enhance the implementation of energy cooperation programmes; to develop and promote ways and means to popularize the use of indigenous energy sources for fuel and generating purposes; to strengthen existing regional institutions related to energy activities through the sharing of existing regional facilities or centers of excellence for energy training and research, to establish an ASEAN policy framework and to encourage regular exchange of information on the formulation and implementation of energy policies; to promote sustainable self-supporting ASEAN cooperation activities to address issues of common concern.
0960-1481/99/$-see front matter 0 1998 Elsevier PII: SO960-l48l(98)00470-4
Science
Ltd. All rights reserved.
WREC 1998
1188
THE ASEAN NRSE SUB-SECTOR NETWORK The member countries of Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) entered into an ASEAN Energy Cooperation Agreement in 1986. In the early years activities under this agreement covered only the conventional energy systems, oil and gas and electricity. The New and Renewable Sources of Energy (NRSE) Sub-Sector was established under this agreement in 1995. This Sub-Sector was charged with carrying out programmes and activities promoting the development and commercialisation of technologies utilising new and renewable sources of energy. Activities of this Sub-Sector are organised through a Network. The Network has the twin objectives of promoting the development of manufacturing capabilities of NRSE technologies in ASEAN and the promotion of trade in NRSE technologies and services between ASEAN member countries. The current members of the Network are Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and Vietnam. The ASEAN-EC Energy Management and Training Center (AEEMTRC) in Jakarta is also represented in the Network. AEEMTRC plays an important role in providing links between the Network and the EC and other dialogue partners, FUNCTION AND ACTIVITIES
OF THE NETWORK
The NRSE Sub-Sector was established because renewable forms of energy sources such as hydropower , biomass and woodbased energy, solar, wind and geothermal energy are present and exploited in the region. Although the resources potential are enormous, the actual realisation of this potential is not optimised and the scope for increased contribution from NRSE is believed to be large. The function of the ASEAN NRSE Sub-sector Network is in line with the objectives of the Cooperation Agreement, in respect of new and renewable energy sources and technologies. For the medium term (1995-l 999) the main thrusts of the Network are: l
.
Development of ASEAN manufacturing capabilities in NRSE technologies; Promotion of intra-ASEAN trade in NRSE products and services.
Activities related to the above tasks are: . conducting of training courses and workshops; . conducting of studies on ways and means of promoting development of NRSE industry and regional trade in NRSE products and services; l formulation of common standards for NRSE products and services; . compilation of a directory of ASEAN manufacturers and suppliers of NRSE products and services.
PROGRESS m. out . . . .
The Network has identified a number of courses and workshops which are desired to be carried in this activity. Some of these are: Project development for PV based rural electrification; Management training on renewable energy; Accreditation and training of PV Technicians; Appreciation Course on new and renewable energy for bankers, project developers, NGOs, etc.
WREC
195’8
1189
Conducting of training courses require input of experts and funding. Since the Network is run on zero budget basis, this activity quite difficult to accomplish. To date we have been able to conduct in May, 1998 the Appreciation Course on new and renewable energy for bankers, project developers, NGOs, etc. S&d&s Some of the studies initiated by the Network are: l Intra-ASEAN market flows of manufactured NRSE products and services; l Development of infrastructure for wind energy; l Analysis of the energy potential from incineration of municipal solid wastes in big cities. The first study was completed in 1997. The others are still on going. Pormulation of Star&&: The Network realised the need for harmonization of standards of NRSE technologies manufactured in ASEAN countries to facilitate flow of trade in these technologies within ASEAN unless the technology is manufactured according to a recognised international standard. The following technologies have been identified for standards harmonisation: photovoltaic, wind, solar water heater, biomass cogeneration, biomass gasitier and micro hydro. Some of the work that have been achieved are on solar water heater, photovoltaic and emission for gasifter. ory of NRSE manufacturers: The first edition of the Directory was produced in 1996. It is not as comprehensive as desired. The Network is in the process of updating the information and producing the second edition.
INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION
The Network objective of developing manufacturing capability of NRSE products necessarily involves the importation of technologies and know-how from outside ASEAN. In this respect the Network actively seeks cooperation with government or international agencies as well as the private sector for transfer of technology and funding of projects. Currently the Network is working closely through AEEMTRC with a consortium from the European Union on the PRESSEA project. The Network is seeking for more such cooperation, either to carry out our proposed activities or new activities which will benefit the member countries,
CONCLUSIONS The ASEAN NRSE Sub-Sector Network industry in the region. NRSE such as hydro, and have been exploited to. some extent. contribute to energy sustainability and the and manpower development is essential.
was established to promote the development of the NRSE biomass, solar, wind and geothermal are available in the region Development of technologies utilising these resources will environment. International cooperation in technology transfer