- Email: [email protected]
Association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in adolescents
Abstracts/Appetite 89 (2015) 301–330
Small prizes increase healthful food selection in a school cafeteria R. SIEGEL a, M. HUDGENS a, K. SIMMONS a, D. DENNO a, I. BELL b, J. SHELLY b, A. ANNEKIN a, C. BARETT a, R. KEEGAN a, M. SEWELL a, U. KOTAGAL a. a Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA, b Cincinnati Public Schools, Cincinnati, OH, USA. bob.siegel@ cchmc.org Poor food selection in school cafeterias is a risk factor for childhood obesity. Prizes have been exploited by the food industry to encourage purchasing packaged meals. Recently, prizes were used in a day camp setting to increase the purchase of healthier packaged meals by children. The purpose of this intervention was to promote selection of healthier foods in a school cafeteria by offering a reward to children who selected the healthier option of a “Power Plate” (PP). The intervention was done in the cafeteria of a school with 297 children, grades kindergarten through 6th, located in an American inner city. A PP was defined as having at least 4 USDA recommended components: entrée, fruit, vegetable and plain low fat milk. Data were obtained by direct observation. Prizes were given daily, twice a week and then not at all to students who selected a PP over the course of 2 months. Baseline selection of PPs was 9.7%. When prizes were given daily, PPs were selected by 52.8%, when twice a week, by 47.3%, followed by 38.2% when prizes were no longer given. There was a 335% increase in the healthier option selected at a very low cost in prizes. Prizes to encourage healthier food selection by school age children are an effective option in a school cafeteria setting. Studies are needed to see if this intervention is effective long term. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.016
Use of intragastric balloons and a lifestyle support programme to promote weight loss in severely obese adolescents. Pilot study L.J. REECE a , P. SACHDEV b , R.J. COPELAND a , M. THOMSON c , J.K. WALES b, N.P. WRIGHT c. a Centre for Sport & Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK, b Academic Unit of Child Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK, c Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. [email protected] The incidence of severe adolescent obesity (BMI >3.5SD) is increasing and remains a public health priority. Current treatments including lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical intervention are of limited effectiveness in this population leaving permanent bariatric surgery as the only viable option. As an alternative, intragastric balloons potentially offer a reversible and safer option for docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents. This uncontrolled pilot study aimed to assess the use of an intragastric balloon, alongside a lifestyle support programme, to promote weight loss in docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents at six months and maintain weight loss 18 months post-intervention. Twelve obese adolescents (7 females, 5 males; average age 15 years; BMI >3.5SD; puberty stage 4 or more) were recruited. An intragastric balloon
305
(ORBERA®), inflated with 500 ml saline, was endoscopically placed in situ under general anaesthesia for 6 months, whilst receiving weekly behavioural support encouraging all families to facilitate healthy lifestyle changes. Average mass loss at 6 months was 7.14 kg (range +1.5 kg–24.9 kg) resulting in a mean reduction BMI SDS by 0.5 (4.0–3.5) at 6 months. Resolutions in co-morbidities (Hypertension, HOMA-IR, lipid profiles) were some of the other benefits noted. Encouraging trends for increased physical activity and physical fitness have been observed, with positive engagement from families. At 6 months the results demonstrate the potential for this study to significantly improve metabolic risk and body composition, accruing great health benefits in docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.017
Association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in adolescents C. AGOSTINIS a, J. OLIVEIRA-SANTOS a, S. ABREU a, C. MOREIRA a, L. LOPES a, A. FERNANDES a, C. GONÇALVES a, P. SILVA a, P. MOREIRA a, J. MOTA a, R. SANTOS a,b. a Ciafel, Research Centre for Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, FADE-UP, Portugal, b ISMAI/CIDAF, Portugal. [email protected] Physical activity (PA) in childhood and adolescence plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. The association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with C-reactive protein (CRP), is relatively well reported in adults; however, in childhood and adolescence that knowledge is still lower. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 386 Portuguese adolescents (179 girls) aged 12–18 years (mean age 14.03 ± 1.64). The blood samples were taken after an overnight fast and measured for hsCRP, physical activity was measured by accelerometry and CRF was measured by the 20-m-shuttle-runtest from the Fitnessgram Battery Tests, body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Spearman correlation was used for associations between PA, CRF and CRP, with adjustments for BMI, age and sex. The results of the tests showed a negative correlation between CRP and CRF in females (−0.31, p < 0.001) and males (−0.16, p < 0.05), however, independent of BMI only in females (−0.21, p < 0.001). No significant associations were found between CRP and PA. Thus, it was observed that apparently CRP is associated negatively with the CRF, but differently according to gender, and in the female it seems less dependent on BMI. Our findings emphasize the importance of increasing CRF levels; however, longitudinal studies in larger scale are necessary to better explain this relationship. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.018
Small prizes increase healthful food selection in a school cafeteria R. SIEGEL a, M. HUDGENS a, K. SIMMONS a, D. DENNO a, I. BELL b, J. SHELLY b, A. ANNEKIN a, C. BARETT a, R. KEEGAN a, M. SEWELL a, U. KOTAGAL a. a Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA, b Cincinnati Public Schools, Cincinnati, OH, USA. bob.siegel@ cchmc.org Poor food selection in school cafeterias is a risk factor for childhood obesity. Prizes have been exploited by the food industry to encourage purchasing packaged meals. Recently, prizes were used in a day camp setting to increase the purchase of healthier packaged meals by children. The purpose of this intervention was to promote selection of healthier foods in a school cafeteria by offering a reward to children who selected the healthier option of a “Power Plate” (PP). The intervention was done in the cafeteria of a school with 297 children, grades kindergarten through 6th, located in an American inner city. A PP was defined as having at least 4 USDA recommended components: entrée, fruit, vegetable and plain low fat milk. Data were obtained by direct observation. Prizes were given daily, twice a week and then not at all to students who selected a PP over the course of 2 months. Baseline selection of PPs was 9.7%. When prizes were given daily, PPs were selected by 52.8%, when twice a week, by 47.3%, followed by 38.2% when prizes were no longer given. There was a 335% increase in the healthier option selected at a very low cost in prizes. Prizes to encourage healthier food selection by school age children are an effective option in a school cafeteria setting. Studies are needed to see if this intervention is effective long term. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.016
Use of intragastric balloons and a lifestyle support programme to promote weight loss in severely obese adolescents. Pilot study L.J. REECE a , P. SACHDEV b , R.J. COPELAND a , M. THOMSON c , J.K. WALES b, N.P. WRIGHT c. a Centre for Sport & Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK, b Academic Unit of Child Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK, c Sheffield Children’s NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK. [email protected] The incidence of severe adolescent obesity (BMI >3.5SD) is increasing and remains a public health priority. Current treatments including lifestyle modification and pharmaceutical intervention are of limited effectiveness in this population leaving permanent bariatric surgery as the only viable option. As an alternative, intragastric balloons potentially offer a reversible and safer option for docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents. This uncontrolled pilot study aimed to assess the use of an intragastric balloon, alongside a lifestyle support programme, to promote weight loss in docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents at six months and maintain weight loss 18 months post-intervention. Twelve obese adolescents (7 females, 5 males; average age 15 years; BMI >3.5SD; puberty stage 4 or more) were recruited. An intragastric balloon
305
(ORBERA®), inflated with 500 ml saline, was endoscopically placed in situ under general anaesthesia for 6 months, whilst receiving weekly behavioural support encouraging all families to facilitate healthy lifestyle changes. Average mass loss at 6 months was 7.14 kg (range +1.5 kg–24.9 kg) resulting in a mean reduction BMI SDS by 0.5 (4.0–3.5) at 6 months. Resolutions in co-morbidities (Hypertension, HOMA-IR, lipid profiles) were some of the other benefits noted. Encouraging trends for increased physical activity and physical fitness have been observed, with positive engagement from families. At 6 months the results demonstrate the potential for this study to significantly improve metabolic risk and body composition, accruing great health benefits in docsubtype="abs" obese adolescents. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.017
Association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in adolescents C. AGOSTINIS a, J. OLIVEIRA-SANTOS a, S. ABREU a, C. MOREIRA a, L. LOPES a, A. FERNANDES a, C. GONÇALVES a, P. SILVA a, P. MOREIRA a, J. MOTA a, R. SANTOS a,b. a Ciafel, Research Centre for Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, FADE-UP, Portugal, b ISMAI/CIDAF, Portugal. [email protected] Physical activity (PA) in childhood and adolescence plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood. The association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with C-reactive protein (CRP), is relatively well reported in adults; however, in childhood and adolescence that knowledge is still lower. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in children and adolescents. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 386 Portuguese adolescents (179 girls) aged 12–18 years (mean age 14.03 ± 1.64). The blood samples were taken after an overnight fast and measured for hsCRP, physical activity was measured by accelerometry and CRF was measured by the 20-m-shuttle-runtest from the Fitnessgram Battery Tests, body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Spearman correlation was used for associations between PA, CRF and CRP, with adjustments for BMI, age and sex. The results of the tests showed a negative correlation between CRP and CRF in females (−0.31, p < 0.001) and males (−0.16, p < 0.05), however, independent of BMI only in females (−0.21, p < 0.001). No significant associations were found between CRP and PA. Thus, it was observed that apparently CRP is associated negatively with the CRF, but differently according to gender, and in the female it seems less dependent on BMI. Our findings emphasize the importance of increasing CRF levels; however, longitudinal studies in larger scale are necessary to better explain this relationship. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.12.018