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Breast-feeding in erythroblastosis fetalis
HEI,ECTED
40.2
ABSTRACTS
4m.
1. Obst. & Gynec. August. 1948
(1)
To show that there is an agent in the rectal and mouth washings of cases of epidemic of the newborn which produces a cornea1 reaction in rabbits and that comparable from healthy infants does not produce a similar reaction. (2) To prove that it is a virus, first by demonstrating that it will pass a bac.teriaretaining filter, and second by showing that it can be carried through serial passages. (3 j To prove, by serological means, preferably by a neutralization test, that the agent is the cause of the disease. The investigation followed the method of Buddingh and Dodd, and, to a lesser extent, is directed to discovering other methods of isolating and propagating a virus or viruses and to proving that they cause the disease. The work is far from completion, but the results are wf6ciently int,eresting and the problem sufficiently urgent to warrant a preliminary report af- this time. They have found an agent, in the rectal washings which causes keratitia in rabbits in 82 per cent of 45 eases of epidemic diarrhea. The agent passes bacteria-retaining filters, can be passed in the rabbit cornea or chickembryo, and is presumably a virus. However, conclusive evidence that the virus is the cause of the disease has not yet, been obt,nined. JAHES P. M&R.
diarrhea. material
van
Creveld, S.: Nutrition New Born, Gpawologia
of the 124:
Pregnant 399,
Woman
in
Belation
to Malformations
of the
1947.
The author, in reviewing the literature of congenital malformations in animals as the result of faulty diet, is of the opinion that abnormalities encountered in the human fetus may also be due in part to dietary indiscretions. The interest in dietetics at Ieast goes back to the Chou Dynasty in China, as early as 1155 A.c., since the rituals include advice on diet for the pregnant woman. It has been only recently t,hat Western Europe was concerned with the possible effects of diet on the fetus as well as the mother. That nongenetic factors may be responsible is suggested by two facts. (I) In the case of cleft lip and palate, the frequency of familial occurrence varies from 5.7 to 44.5 per cent. (2) There is a report of nine pairs of identical twins in whom only one member of each pair revealed a cleft palate. Malnutrition as an etiological factor of cleft palate has been suggested before. In animals, the classic example of the jaguar in the Berlin zoo that had thirty-two young with cleft palate is cited. When the diet of the jaguar included warm meat (instead of cold, bloodless meat) she promptly produced twenty-five successive offspring with normal palates. A fair sampling of controlled human cases from the literature are cited. The author reports that statistics are now being reviewed concerning the increased frequency of congenital malformations in Holland during the recent occupation, when pregnancy diets were notoriously insufficient and definitely below the accepted optimal nutritional requirements, which are given as between 2,600 and 2,500 calories. EUGENE N. SCADRON. Cathie,
I. A. B.: 1947.
Breast-Feeding
in
Erythroblastosis
Fetalis,
Brit.
M.
J.,
p. 650,
Oct.
25,
This study was conducted to determine any possible deleterious effects on the erythroblastotic infant from nursing. It is known t,hat milk of mothers who have borne suc.h babies is high in Rh antibodies. Investigations were carried out which showed that, antibody is not readily destroyed by the gastric juice of infants. In addition, the ingestion of large amounts It was accordingly of serum high in anti-Rh titer was possible without detectable absorption. ~*oncluded that the weaning of infant,8 with hemolytic disease because of the antibody content R. G. DOVGLAK 11f the mot,her’s milk is not just,ificd. Lawler,
whirh
S. D., and van Loghem, J. J., Jr.: Fhe Rhesus ease of the Newborn, Lancet, p. 545, Oct. II, 1947.
Antigen
Cw Causing
Hemdlytic
The authors report the second case of isoimmunization due to the rare Rh antigen is found in 2.5 per cent of English people and 4.9 per cent of the Dutch. Since
Dis(3, the
40.2
ABSTRACTS
4m.
1. Obst. & Gynec. August. 1948
(1)
To show that there is an agent in the rectal and mouth washings of cases of epidemic of the newborn which produces a cornea1 reaction in rabbits and that comparable from healthy infants does not produce a similar reaction. (2) To prove that it is a virus, first by demonstrating that it will pass a bac.teriaretaining filter, and second by showing that it can be carried through serial passages. (3 j To prove, by serological means, preferably by a neutralization test, that the agent is the cause of the disease. The investigation followed the method of Buddingh and Dodd, and, to a lesser extent, is directed to discovering other methods of isolating and propagating a virus or viruses and to proving that they cause the disease. The work is far from completion, but the results are wf6ciently int,eresting and the problem sufficiently urgent to warrant a preliminary report af- this time. They have found an agent, in the rectal washings which causes keratitia in rabbits in 82 per cent of 45 eases of epidemic diarrhea. The agent passes bacteria-retaining filters, can be passed in the rabbit cornea or chickembryo, and is presumably a virus. However, conclusive evidence that the virus is the cause of the disease has not yet, been obt,nined. JAHES P. M&R.
diarrhea. material
van
Creveld, S.: Nutrition New Born, Gpawologia
of the 124:
Pregnant 399,
Woman
in
Belation
to Malformations
of the
1947.
The author, in reviewing the literature of congenital malformations in animals as the result of faulty diet, is of the opinion that abnormalities encountered in the human fetus may also be due in part to dietary indiscretions. The interest in dietetics at Ieast goes back to the Chou Dynasty in China, as early as 1155 A.c., since the rituals include advice on diet for the pregnant woman. It has been only recently t,hat Western Europe was concerned with the possible effects of diet on the fetus as well as the mother. That nongenetic factors may be responsible is suggested by two facts. (I) In the case of cleft lip and palate, the frequency of familial occurrence varies from 5.7 to 44.5 per cent. (2) There is a report of nine pairs of identical twins in whom only one member of each pair revealed a cleft palate. Malnutrition as an etiological factor of cleft palate has been suggested before. In animals, the classic example of the jaguar in the Berlin zoo that had thirty-two young with cleft palate is cited. When the diet of the jaguar included warm meat (instead of cold, bloodless meat) she promptly produced twenty-five successive offspring with normal palates. A fair sampling of controlled human cases from the literature are cited. The author reports that statistics are now being reviewed concerning the increased frequency of congenital malformations in Holland during the recent occupation, when pregnancy diets were notoriously insufficient and definitely below the accepted optimal nutritional requirements, which are given as between 2,600 and 2,500 calories. EUGENE N. SCADRON. Cathie,
I. A. B.: 1947.
Breast-Feeding
in
Erythroblastosis
Fetalis,
Brit.
M.
J.,
p. 650,
Oct.
25,
This study was conducted to determine any possible deleterious effects on the erythroblastotic infant from nursing. It is known t,hat milk of mothers who have borne suc.h babies is high in Rh antibodies. Investigations were carried out which showed that, antibody is not readily destroyed by the gastric juice of infants. In addition, the ingestion of large amounts It was accordingly of serum high in anti-Rh titer was possible without detectable absorption. ~*oncluded that the weaning of infant,8 with hemolytic disease because of the antibody content R. G. DOVGLAK 11f the mot,her’s milk is not just,ificd. Lawler,
whirh
S. D., and van Loghem, J. J., Jr.: Fhe Rhesus ease of the Newborn, Lancet, p. 545, Oct. II, 1947.
Antigen
Cw Causing
Hemdlytic
The authors report the second case of isoimmunization due to the rare Rh antigen is found in 2.5 per cent of English people and 4.9 per cent of the Dutch. Since
Dis(3, the