- Email: [email protected]
Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw., new to Montenegro (FR Yugoslavia), and some notes on its ecology
Cryptogamie, Bryol., 2000, 21 (I): 87-89
87
0 2000Adac&ditionsscientifiqueset medicales ElsevierSAS. Tousdroitsreserves S1290079600001061/FLA
Buxbaumiu aphylla Hedw., new to Montenegro (FR Yugoslavia), and some notes on its ecology Mark0 Institute
SABOVLJEVI&
of Botany
and Garden,
(Received
9 August
& Vladimir
STEVANOVI6
Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade,
1999, accepted
23 September
Yugoslavia
1999)
According to Sabovljevic & StevanoviC (in press),Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw. is not recorded for the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. However, during the bryophyte survey in Durmitor National Park, N. Montenegro, on 25th and 26th August 1998, we recorded Buxbaumia aphylla on several occasions.Up to now unknown in FR Yugoslavia, Kiirschner & Parolly (1997) do not cite this speciesfor Durmitor Natonal Park. We collected Bztxbaumia aphylla at two localities within the National Park: 1) Cmo jezero lake (1 405 m altitude), around the forest path close to Zminje lake (19”5’532” E, 43”8’984” N) and 2) around Barno lake (1 440 m altitude, 19”6’549” E, 43”9’538” N) (Fig. 1). At the first locality, in a Piceetum illyricum montanum Fuk. et Stef., 1958 we found 72 sporophytesover an area of about 10 000 m* and in the second locality 24 sporophytesin the sameforest community covering some5 000 m*. Sporophytes were found on fallen, decaying spruce wood and on decaying sprucestumpswhich were devoid of other bryophyte species.The rotting timber was drier than much of the other wood in the vicinity, and this may explain the occurrence of Buxbaumia aphylla in this microhabitat where one would normally expect to find Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. Usually, Buxbaumia aphylla is known as a pioneer of disturbed acid, sandy or clayey soils (Frey et al., 1995) often on banks of roads or woodland trails, sometimeson old logs and stumps,exposed or in shadein moist forests and also dry, open woodlands. The capsulesare strongly inclined, asymmetric and generally point towards the greatest incidence of light. They mature over the winter and emit their sporesin puffs from about May to July, when the capsulesare pelted by raindrops (‘splash cup’ mechanism). Porley (pers. comm.) has found both speciesgrowing intimately mixed on humus under sprucein the Italian Alps. Never before have they beenrecorded growing together. Anyway, there seemsto be a lack of knowledge of the biology, or at least of the habitat preferencesof the two plants. Due to their rarity, not many people have seenthem, facts are repeated in books without question. Specimensare deposited in the Institute of Botany and Garden of Belgrade University Herbarium (BEOU). Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw., is widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere(Europe, Asia and North America). Since this region is bryo-geographically similar to Central Europe (Kiirschner & Parolly, 1997), it is not suprisingthat we recorded this specieshere. In the Balkans Buxbaumia aphylla is known from Slovenia, Bosnia (PavletiC, 1955; Martit%%, 1968), the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (Martini%, 1980), Bulgaria (Petrov, 1975). In the Red Data Book of European Bryophytes (European Committee for Conservation of Bryophytes, 1995) Buxbaumia aphylla is classified as regionally threatened (RT). * Correspondence
and reprints:
[email protected]
88
M. Sabovljevic
& V. Stevanovic
Fig. 1. Distribution of Buxbaumia uphylla Hedw. in Yugoslavia presented on the UTM map 100 x 100 km. Mountain areas above 1 000 m appear in grey. Abbreviations: Al: Albania; BiH: Bosnia & Herzegovina; Bu: Bulgaria; Cro: Croatia; Hu: Hungary; Ma: Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; Ru: Romania; Yu: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia & Montenegro). Acknowledgements. We are very grateful for the comments of Ron D. Porley (English Nature) and Rosa Marfa Ros Espin (Universidad de Murcia) and for revision of the English by Ron D. Porley.
REFERENCES EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR CONSERVATION OF BRYOPHYTES, 1995 - Red Data Book of European Bryophytes. Trondheim. FREY W., FRAHM J.-P., FISCHER E. & LOBIN W., 1995 - Die Moos- und Frunp$anzen Europas. Stuttgart - Jena - New York, Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Buxbaumia
aphylla Hedw., new to Montenegro
89
KURSCHNER H. & PAROLLY G., 1997 - Additions to the bryophyte flora of the Durrnitor National Park (Cma Gora) and a first conspectus of all records. Willdenowia 27: 249-264. MARTIN&C A., 1968 - Catalogus Florae Jugosluviae. Ljubljana: Consilium Academiarum Scientarum Rei Publicae Socialisticae Foederativae Jugoslaviae. MARTIN&C A., 1980 - Prispevek k poznavanju mahovne flore Jugoslavije II. Sar Planina. BioloSki Vestnik 28 (2): 87-102. PAVLETIO Z., 1955 - Prodromusjore Briojta Jugoslavije. Zagreb, JAZU. PETROV S., 1975 - Bryophytu Bulgarica Clavis Diagnostica. Sofia, Academia Scientiarum Bulgarica. SABOVLJEVIC M. & STEVANOVIC V. (in press) - Mosses Conspectus of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Flora Mediterraneu.
87
0 2000Adac&ditionsscientifiqueset medicales ElsevierSAS. Tousdroitsreserves S1290079600001061/FLA
Buxbaumiu aphylla Hedw., new to Montenegro (FR Yugoslavia), and some notes on its ecology Mark0 Institute
SABOVLJEVI&
of Botany
and Garden,
(Received
9 August
& Vladimir
STEVANOVI6
Takovska 43, 11000 Belgrade,
1999, accepted
23 September
Yugoslavia
1999)
According to Sabovljevic & StevanoviC (in press),Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw. is not recorded for the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. However, during the bryophyte survey in Durmitor National Park, N. Montenegro, on 25th and 26th August 1998, we recorded Buxbaumia aphylla on several occasions.Up to now unknown in FR Yugoslavia, Kiirschner & Parolly (1997) do not cite this speciesfor Durmitor Natonal Park. We collected Bztxbaumia aphylla at two localities within the National Park: 1) Cmo jezero lake (1 405 m altitude), around the forest path close to Zminje lake (19”5’532” E, 43”8’984” N) and 2) around Barno lake (1 440 m altitude, 19”6’549” E, 43”9’538” N) (Fig. 1). At the first locality, in a Piceetum illyricum montanum Fuk. et Stef., 1958 we found 72 sporophytesover an area of about 10 000 m* and in the second locality 24 sporophytesin the sameforest community covering some5 000 m*. Sporophytes were found on fallen, decaying spruce wood and on decaying sprucestumpswhich were devoid of other bryophyte species.The rotting timber was drier than much of the other wood in the vicinity, and this may explain the occurrence of Buxbaumia aphylla in this microhabitat where one would normally expect to find Buxbaumia viridis (Moug. ex Lam. & DC.) Brid. ex Moug. & Nestl. Usually, Buxbaumia aphylla is known as a pioneer of disturbed acid, sandy or clayey soils (Frey et al., 1995) often on banks of roads or woodland trails, sometimeson old logs and stumps,exposed or in shadein moist forests and also dry, open woodlands. The capsulesare strongly inclined, asymmetric and generally point towards the greatest incidence of light. They mature over the winter and emit their sporesin puffs from about May to July, when the capsulesare pelted by raindrops (‘splash cup’ mechanism). Porley (pers. comm.) has found both speciesgrowing intimately mixed on humus under sprucein the Italian Alps. Never before have they beenrecorded growing together. Anyway, there seemsto be a lack of knowledge of the biology, or at least of the habitat preferencesof the two plants. Due to their rarity, not many people have seenthem, facts are repeated in books without question. Specimensare deposited in the Institute of Botany and Garden of Belgrade University Herbarium (BEOU). Buxbaumia aphylla Hedw., is widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere(Europe, Asia and North America). Since this region is bryo-geographically similar to Central Europe (Kiirschner & Parolly, 1997), it is not suprisingthat we recorded this specieshere. In the Balkans Buxbaumia aphylla is known from Slovenia, Bosnia (PavletiC, 1955; Martit%%, 1968), the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (Martini%, 1980), Bulgaria (Petrov, 1975). In the Red Data Book of European Bryophytes (European Committee for Conservation of Bryophytes, 1995) Buxbaumia aphylla is classified as regionally threatened (RT). * Correspondence
and reprints:
[email protected]
88
M. Sabovljevic
& V. Stevanovic
Fig. 1. Distribution of Buxbaumia uphylla Hedw. in Yugoslavia presented on the UTM map 100 x 100 km. Mountain areas above 1 000 m appear in grey. Abbreviations: Al: Albania; BiH: Bosnia & Herzegovina; Bu: Bulgaria; Cro: Croatia; Hu: Hungary; Ma: Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; Ru: Romania; Yu: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia & Montenegro). Acknowledgements. We are very grateful for the comments of Ron D. Porley (English Nature) and Rosa Marfa Ros Espin (Universidad de Murcia) and for revision of the English by Ron D. Porley.
REFERENCES EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR CONSERVATION OF BRYOPHYTES, 1995 - Red Data Book of European Bryophytes. Trondheim. FREY W., FRAHM J.-P., FISCHER E. & LOBIN W., 1995 - Die Moos- und Frunp$anzen Europas. Stuttgart - Jena - New York, Gustav Fischer Verlag.
Buxbaumia
aphylla Hedw., new to Montenegro
89
KURSCHNER H. & PAROLLY G., 1997 - Additions to the bryophyte flora of the Durrnitor National Park (Cma Gora) and a first conspectus of all records. Willdenowia 27: 249-264. MARTIN&C A., 1968 - Catalogus Florae Jugosluviae. Ljubljana: Consilium Academiarum Scientarum Rei Publicae Socialisticae Foederativae Jugoslaviae. MARTIN&C A., 1980 - Prispevek k poznavanju mahovne flore Jugoslavije II. Sar Planina. BioloSki Vestnik 28 (2): 87-102. PAVLETIO Z., 1955 - Prodromusjore Briojta Jugoslavije. Zagreb, JAZU. PETROV S., 1975 - Bryophytu Bulgarica Clavis Diagnostica. Sofia, Academia Scientiarum Bulgarica. SABOVLJEVIC M. & STEVANOVIC V. (in press) - Mosses Conspectus of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Flora Mediterraneu.