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Carbon fibre vanes smooth down compressor costs
ribbons. Mechanical properties of film and flake reinforced resins are reported and compared with theoretical predictions and it is concluded that flake pull out rather than flake fracture is the governing mode of failure in flake composites. The materials are concluded to be of potential value where low weight and high isotropic stiffness are required. (70[4/111)
Carbon fibres warm up the curing of large structures PETERS, D.
The Engineer, p 36 (April 1970) The potential uses of a ribbon of carbon fibres incorporated in a resin to be used as an internal resistance heater to cure the laminate or to provide heating for a tank or pipe are discussed. Suggested military applications include heated fuel tanks for fighting vehicles operating at low temperatures and heated radomes used under icing conditions, but the main advantage of such a system is thought to be the in situ curing of large and complex composites such as the superstructures of ships or submarines. (70/4/112)
Carbon fibres can spin through generator barrier PETERS, D.
The Engineer, p 40 (March 1970) Increases in the size of turbo generators has resulted in the evaluation of carbon fibre composites as a replacement for steel in the bell ends of generator rotors. Normally a relatively low alloy, hot forged and heat treated steel would be preferred b u t since this would intensify leakage fluxes at the ends of the core it is likely that carbon fibre composite end bells would be an advantage in this application. The point is made that carbon fibre composites might not only reduce the weight of ordinary electric motors but also lead to increased performance. (70/4/113)
which on heating forms a surface coating for the metal and then the coated rod is drawn where the rod diameter may be reduced by a factor of 1 000. Microplanets have been made in a variety of alloys, borides, nitrides and silicides and in mixed oxides. (70/4/114)
Water is key to new theory on resin-tofibre bonding PLUEDDEMANN, E. P.
Modern Plastics, 1Iol 47, No 3, pp 92 - 98 (March 1970) A theory of mineral f i b r e - p o l y m e r matrix interface bonding is described in terms of a dynamic equilibrium situation of making and breaking of adhesion bonds between the two phases through stress corrosion by water. This dynamic equilibrium at the surface allows relaxation of stresses thus producing a measure of interface ductility. Water resistance results from a favourable equilibrium toward bonding through polar groups in the polymer. This proposed coupling mechanism will not operate with non-hydrophilic surfaces like graphite since there can be no attack of such a surface by water. (70/4/115)
Internally lubricated RTP's for gears and bearings THEBERGE, J. E.
Modern Plastics, Vol 47, No 3, pp 104 - 121 (March 1970) Thermoplastics can be improved in terms of mechanical properties and dimensional stability by the addition of glass reinforced and in terms of wear characteristics by the addition of a modified tetrafluorethylene lubricant. A definition of the parameters affecting wear of beating materials is set out and the performance of a wide range of reinforced, internally-lubricated thermoplastic materials in terms of these parameters is tabulated. Additional data concerning the most important matrix materials is also provided. (70/4/116)
Microwire threat to major carbon fibre market PETERS, D.
Finally, RTP's are on the move WOOD, A. S.
The Engineer, Vol 230, No 5970, p 36 (June 1970)
Modern Plastics, Vol 47, No 5, pp 54 - 58 (May 1970)
Since the main market for carbon fibre is thought to be in the lower strength lower cost types it is likely that the development of microwire which has comparable properties in these areas will affect the carbon fibre market. Metallic filaments are made by encapsulation of a rod in a glass envelope
A review of the progress made with reinforced thermoplastics, including discussion of problems overcome. Marketing tactics and major growth areas are mentioned and so are some of the problems presently associated with fabrication machinery. (70/4/117)
Automatic spray-up of G RP silos
Reinforced Plastics, Vol 14, No 8 p 213 (April 1970) A spray-on process for the manufacture of glass reinforced plastic silos is described in which drum moulds 3 - 4m in length are rotated horizontally at high speed while the spray guns traverse along the cylinder axis. It is thought that this process could be used for making oil tanks and pipes and that it could cut into the market held at present by the filament windhag technique. (70/4/118)
Carbon Europe
fibre
The Engineer, (June 1970)
matting
weaves into
Vol 230, No 5967,
The first order for Carboform for a European customer has just been completed and has been made from high modulus fibre with l ' 5 t / c m 2. The potential uses of woven carbon fibre are briefly reviewed and it is mentioned that new carbon fibre specifications have been issued by Courtaulds Carbon Fibres Unit and by Fotherglll and Harvey Ltd of Lancashire. (70/4/119)
Carbon fibre vanes compressor costs
smooth
down
The Engineer, Vo1230, No 5967 (June 1970) The attractions of carbon fibre reinforced plastics for applications such as air motors, air compressors and rotary internal combustion engines are reviewed where it is thought that their use may lead to higher running speeds or lower operating costs. (70/4/120)
Rolls Royce solves problems for US
carbon
fibre
The Engineer, p 39 (May 1970) Progress that Rolls Royce have made with the carbon fibre fan blading for the RB 2 1 1 - 2 2 engines is reviewed though the engines in the first Lockheed Tristar will have fan blades in titanium which is three times as heavy. The troubles which Rolls Royce are having and are overcoming with Hyphil carbon fibre are reviewed with respect to fan blading in the light of the tremendous contribution the company is making to the field of composite design and manufacture. (70/4/121)
COMPOSITES September 1970
321
Carbon fibres warm up the curing of large structures PETERS, D.
The Engineer, p 36 (April 1970) The potential uses of a ribbon of carbon fibres incorporated in a resin to be used as an internal resistance heater to cure the laminate or to provide heating for a tank or pipe are discussed. Suggested military applications include heated fuel tanks for fighting vehicles operating at low temperatures and heated radomes used under icing conditions, but the main advantage of such a system is thought to be the in situ curing of large and complex composites such as the superstructures of ships or submarines. (70/4/112)
Carbon fibres can spin through generator barrier PETERS, D.
The Engineer, p 40 (March 1970) Increases in the size of turbo generators has resulted in the evaluation of carbon fibre composites as a replacement for steel in the bell ends of generator rotors. Normally a relatively low alloy, hot forged and heat treated steel would be preferred b u t since this would intensify leakage fluxes at the ends of the core it is likely that carbon fibre composite end bells would be an advantage in this application. The point is made that carbon fibre composites might not only reduce the weight of ordinary electric motors but also lead to increased performance. (70/4/113)
which on heating forms a surface coating for the metal and then the coated rod is drawn where the rod diameter may be reduced by a factor of 1 000. Microplanets have been made in a variety of alloys, borides, nitrides and silicides and in mixed oxides. (70/4/114)
Water is key to new theory on resin-tofibre bonding PLUEDDEMANN, E. P.
Modern Plastics, 1Iol 47, No 3, pp 92 - 98 (March 1970) A theory of mineral f i b r e - p o l y m e r matrix interface bonding is described in terms of a dynamic equilibrium situation of making and breaking of adhesion bonds between the two phases through stress corrosion by water. This dynamic equilibrium at the surface allows relaxation of stresses thus producing a measure of interface ductility. Water resistance results from a favourable equilibrium toward bonding through polar groups in the polymer. This proposed coupling mechanism will not operate with non-hydrophilic surfaces like graphite since there can be no attack of such a surface by water. (70/4/115)
Internally lubricated RTP's for gears and bearings THEBERGE, J. E.
Modern Plastics, Vol 47, No 3, pp 104 - 121 (March 1970) Thermoplastics can be improved in terms of mechanical properties and dimensional stability by the addition of glass reinforced and in terms of wear characteristics by the addition of a modified tetrafluorethylene lubricant. A definition of the parameters affecting wear of beating materials is set out and the performance of a wide range of reinforced, internally-lubricated thermoplastic materials in terms of these parameters is tabulated. Additional data concerning the most important matrix materials is also provided. (70/4/116)
Microwire threat to major carbon fibre market PETERS, D.
Finally, RTP's are on the move WOOD, A. S.
The Engineer, Vol 230, No 5970, p 36 (June 1970)
Modern Plastics, Vol 47, No 5, pp 54 - 58 (May 1970)
Since the main market for carbon fibre is thought to be in the lower strength lower cost types it is likely that the development of microwire which has comparable properties in these areas will affect the carbon fibre market. Metallic filaments are made by encapsulation of a rod in a glass envelope
A review of the progress made with reinforced thermoplastics, including discussion of problems overcome. Marketing tactics and major growth areas are mentioned and so are some of the problems presently associated with fabrication machinery. (70/4/117)
Automatic spray-up of G RP silos
Reinforced Plastics, Vol 14, No 8 p 213 (April 1970) A spray-on process for the manufacture of glass reinforced plastic silos is described in which drum moulds 3 - 4m in length are rotated horizontally at high speed while the spray guns traverse along the cylinder axis. It is thought that this process could be used for making oil tanks and pipes and that it could cut into the market held at present by the filament windhag technique. (70/4/118)
Carbon Europe
fibre
The Engineer, (June 1970)
matting
weaves into
Vol 230, No 5967,
The first order for Carboform for a European customer has just been completed and has been made from high modulus fibre with l ' 5 t / c m 2. The potential uses of woven carbon fibre are briefly reviewed and it is mentioned that new carbon fibre specifications have been issued by Courtaulds Carbon Fibres Unit and by Fotherglll and Harvey Ltd of Lancashire. (70/4/119)
Carbon fibre vanes compressor costs
smooth
down
The Engineer, Vo1230, No 5967 (June 1970) The attractions of carbon fibre reinforced plastics for applications such as air motors, air compressors and rotary internal combustion engines are reviewed where it is thought that their use may lead to higher running speeds or lower operating costs. (70/4/120)
Rolls Royce solves problems for US
carbon
fibre
The Engineer, p 39 (May 1970) Progress that Rolls Royce have made with the carbon fibre fan blading for the RB 2 1 1 - 2 2 engines is reviewed though the engines in the first Lockheed Tristar will have fan blades in titanium which is three times as heavy. The troubles which Rolls Royce are having and are overcoming with Hyphil carbon fibre are reviewed with respect to fan blading in the light of the tremendous contribution the company is making to the field of composite design and manufacture. (70/4/121)
COMPOSITES September 1970
321